Aged ; Back ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Melanoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Melanoma-Specific Antigens ; metabolism ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery

Eight compounds from six Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. 'Hangju' were determined and multivariate statistics, including principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) were used to investigate the potential damaging effect of sulfr-fumigating process. Meanwhile, S, Mn, Fe, Cu, Pb were also detected by using ICP-MS and ICP-OES. In this study, dramatic chemical changes were found that the contents of flavonoid aglycones remarkably increased while those of glycosides and hydroxycinnamoylquinic acids were significantly reduced. The PCA score plots showed six samples were clearly classified into the non-fumigated and sulfur-fumigated types. And according to VIP > 1, the most important chemical markers were luteolin, apigenin and luteolin-7-O-glucoside which indicated that the extracted three components might have a marked effect on the discrimination among different group samples. And then, it was found that the residue of sulfur of SHJ were significantly higher than NHJ (P < 0.05). The established approach was applied to rapidly discriminate sulfur-fumigated HJ with combining the quantitative chemical analysis and multivariate statistical analysis, and then the result will provide some evidence to evaluat the quality of HJ and control its processing.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Fumigation ; methods ; Sulfur ; chemistry

20?10~9/L.The proteinuria decreased or disappeared.The antinuclear antibody decreased or became negative.The level of complement was increased.The following complications were ob- served:septicemia in 2 patients,cytomegalovirus infection in 2 patients,renal toxicity in 1 patient,acute left heart failure in 3 patients and cardiac arrhythmia in 3 patients.There was no transplantation related mortality. Conclusion APBSCT may improve the disease activity and the immunological markers in SLE.It is a valid therapy for refractory SLE,but the long-term effects need to be observed.

Objective To summarize our experience of simple neuroendoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma and discuss its advantages. Methods Forty-two patients with pituitary adenoma diagnosed by CT or MRI detection (diameters of the tumor: <1cm in 11 patients, 1-2cm in 11, 2-3cm in 18, >3cm in 8) were treated by simple neuroendoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. During transsphenoidal approach, the nasal mucosa was not incised and the nasal septum and median nasal conchae were not dissected. Under neuroendoscopic assistance, the anterior wall of the sphenoidal sinus and sellae base was opened directly and adenoma resection was performed. Results All the patients were followed up for 1-12 months. By postoperative MRI detection, adenomas were resected completely in 38 patients, subtotally in 4 cases. Rapid improvement of vision was noted postoperatively. The increased hormonal level in 18 of 22 patients was decreased to normal postoperatively and another 4 cases improved clinically in serum hormone levels during follow-up. Postoperative transient CSF leakage occurred in 6 cases and transient diabetes insipidus in 23 cases. Conclusions The simple neuroendoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adanoma is safe, time-saving and without severe complications, provides a satisfactory deep illumination and a panoramic operative field. The injury to the patient and postoperative complications are less. The clinical application of the neuroendoscopy for pituitary adenoma is worthy of recommending.

Carbon source plays an important role in the constitutive expression of foreign proteins in Pichia pastoris. In present study, glucose , glycerol , methanol and oil acid, was used respectively as the only carbon source to constitutively express hAS in Pichia pastoris GS115 (pGAP9K-AS)in shaking flask. The result shows that oleic acid is the best (163 mg/L) compared with glycerol (83mg/L), glucose (76 mg/L)and methanol (57 mg/L). Since oleic acid is insoluble in water, glycerol was used as the carbon source in the high-density cell culture of GS115 (pGAP9K-AS) in a 30 liter bioreactor and 169 mg/L of angiostatin was obtained after 48h of culture. The expressed angiostatin is immunologically active as shown by Western blotting. The recombinant hAS inhibits bFGF induced CAM angiogenesis and suppresses the growth of B16 melanoma in C57BL/6J mice. The tumor inhibition rate is 90% after 12 days of treatment. Statistics analysis revealed that the tumor volume difference of mice between the hAS group and PBS group is prominent (P < 0.01).
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; therapeutic use ; Angiostatins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Bioreactors ; microbiology ; Culture Media ; pharmacology ; Fermentation ; Glycerol ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Melanoma, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Pichia ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo study the immediate and long-term effects of disasters caused by floods on residents health status.

METHODSStratified sampling by ranks of flood disaster occurred in 1996 and 1998, flood disaster areas and control areas were carried out. A retrospective study was also carried out to study all diseases involved during 1996 - 1999.

RESULTSThe incident rates of acute infectious disease in flooding areas in 1996 and 1998 were both higher than those of non-flooding areas (863.181/100 000 and 736.591/100 000, respectively). But there was no different between the incident rate of the first years in flooding areas and that of non-flooding areas. The prevalence rates of 8 kinds of chronic diseases related to circulatory system, nervous system, digestive system, injury and poisonous diseases in flooding areas were also higher than that in the non-flooding areas. The highest incidence rates of most diseases were in the mountainous flooding areas, followed by areas collapsed by flooding, and the lowest were seen in soakedareas by floods. The incidence rates of intestinal infectious diseases and respiratory infectious diseases were lower in areas where prevention and control measures were weak.

CONCLUSIONFlood could lead to the increase of incidence rates both on acute infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases. Interventions on non-infectious diseases should also be enforced to stop the epidemics when preventing and controlling acute infectious disease.

Acute Disease ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Communicable Diseases ; epidemiology ; Disasters ; Health Status ; Humans ; Residence Characteristics ; statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study the expenses of hospitalization among the population in the flood disaster areas of Dongting Lake in Hunan province in 1998.

METHODSDescriptive epidemiologic study were conducted to analyze hospitalization expenses of the residents of 55 villages in flood disaster areas in 1998; single factors analysis and logarithmic linear regression analysis were carried out to explore influencing factors about hospitalization expenses of the residents.

RESULTSThe hospitalization rate was 4.59% with an average hospitalization expenses of 667.42 Yuan in the flood disaster areas' residents of Dongting Lake in 1998. Compared with populations without suffering from flood, hospitalization rate and the average hospitalization expenses of flood disaster Areas' residents of Dongting Lake in 1998 were higher and had significant difference. The average hospitalization expenses in 1998 was affected by flood types, family income, gender, age, literacy, occupation, outcome after leaving the hospital and hospital ranks.

CONCLUSIONThese results implied that the flood disease aggravated inhabitants' burden of disease in Dongting Lake areas; the factors influencing the average hospitalization expenses were multiple, and synthetic measures should be taken in the prevention and control of flood disaster.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cost of Illness ; Disasters ; Female ; Hospital Charges ; statistics & numerical data ; Hospitalization ; economics ; Humans ; Infant ; Linear Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Regression Analysis ; Rural Population

OBJECTIVETo explore whether the chemotactic factor CCL5 is the major factor of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) induced by diabetes or not.

METHODSThe normal human B cells and DLBCL cells were cultured in vitro; the RT-PCR was used to detect their CCL5 mRNA expression, the human DLBCL cell line and mouse-derived DLBCL cell line A20 were cultured in vitro by using glucose at 5 and 30 mmol/L, respectively, then their CCL5 mRNA expression was detected by PT-PCR; the diabetic mouse model was constructed through peritoneal injection of streptozotocin at low dose in the BALB/c mice; the cell lines with stably high and low expression of CCL5 were established via lentiviral transfection and the cell lines with low and high expression of CCL5 were subcutaneously injected into diabetic mice and mice with normal blood sugar level. According to blood sugar level, the experimental mice were divided into 2 groups: diabetic group (A group) and normal blood sugar group as control (B group); then according to CCL5 expression level, the A group and B group were divided as well into high expression group (A1 group and B1 group) and low expression group (A2 group and B2 group), respectively, the tumor-formation rate, tumor-formation time, tumor size and texture were analyzed, respectively; the CCL5 expression was detected by using HE staining of tumor tissue and immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSThe expression of CCL5 mRNA in human DLBCL cell line cultured in vitro was higher than that in normal B cells (P < 0.05); the expressions of CCL5 mRNA in human DLBCL cells cultured in high sugar concentration in vitro and mouse DLBCL cells were higher than those in cells cultured in low sugar concentration (P < 0.05). The tumor-formation rates in diabetic mice injected with high and low expression of CCL5 cell line A20 were 93.3% in A1 group and 60% in A2 group; the their tumor-formation time was 7.0 ± 0.85 days in A1 group and 9.5 ± 2.8 days in A2 group, while the tumor formation rates in mice with normal blood sugar level were 20% in B1 group and 20% in B2 group, and their tumor-formation time was 12 ± 1.3 days and 14 ± 2.5 days respectively; the CCL5 expression level in tumor tissue of diabetic mice was higher than that in tumor tissue of mice with normal blood sugar level.

CONCLUSIONThe high blood glucose level can casase increase of DLBCL risk and promote the tumor growth; the chemotactic factor CCL5 may play an important role in the growth and migration of DLBCL caused by diabetes mellitus.

Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chemokine CCL5 ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; RNA, Messenger

In this paper, the status of adjuvant standard for Chinese materia medica processing in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition, the National Specification of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, and the 29 provincial specification of Chinese materia medica was summarized, and the the status including general requirements, specific requirements, and quality standard in the three grade official specifications was collected and analyzed according to the "medicine-adjuvant homology" and "food-adjuvant homology" features of adjuvants. This paper also introduced the research situation of adjuvant standard for Chinese materia medica processing in China; In addition, analyzed and discussed the problems existing in the standard system of adjuvant for Chinese materia medica processing, such as lack of general requirements, low level of standard, inconsistent standard references, and lack of research on the standard, and provided suggestions for the further establishment of the national standards system of adjuvant for Chinese materia medica processing.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of baicalin on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats and explore the potential mechanisms. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats underwent experimental SAH and received treatment with baicalin at 10 or 50 mg/kg after 2 and 12 h of SAH. Neurological scores, brain water content, Evans-blue extravasation, and levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured 24 h after SAH. Expression of nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), aquaporin 4 (AQP4), occludin, and zonulaoccludens-1 (ZO-1) were detected in the brain by Western blot. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Baicalin attenuated EBI 24 h after SAH in rats (P<0.05). Baicalin elevated neurological scores, GSH-Px, SOD, and increased the expression of Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, occludin, and ZO-1 in SAH rats (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Baicalin reduced MPO, MDA, and the expression of MMP-9, AQP4, TNF-α, and IL-1β (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION Baicalin reduced SAH-induced EBI, partially via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of MMP-9 and AQP4.