Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Ferritins ; blood ; Hemoglobins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Nose Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Prognosis

This study based on twenty 3A grade hospital information system (HIS) database in China, adopt toprescription sequence analysis (PSA) with nested case control study (NCCS) to analysis mainly suspected allergy factor of Shenqi Fuzheng injection (Shenqi Fuzheng). Study design according to start to stop using Shenqi Fuzheng whether using dexamethasone injection will crowd divided into cases group and control group, each case matched 4 controls were selected, two groups according to the ratio of the age and sex matched well. Square test, Fisher exact test, single factor and multiple factor logistic regression were used to analyze data Condition on admission, allergic history, dosage and drug combinations were taken into account in cases of suspected allergic reactions. After analysis in two subgroups we found that the single dose (P = 0.000 2) and the combined use of matrine (P < 0.000 1, OR = 14.312, confidence interval [8.184, 25.029]) had significant effects on the suspected allergic reaction. Study on the existing HIS data and the study method based on screening suspected risk factors for allergic reaction. This study can provide guidance for Shenqi Fuzheng injection safety using in clinical practice, and it can also provides new method for the clinical safety reevaluation of post-marketing Chinese medicine injection.
Case-Control Studies ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male

This study aims to assess if adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to Kudiezi injection are allergic in origin. Hospital information system (HIS) data from 18 hospitals in China were used to carry out a nested case control design study. Included were patients who received dexamethasone for suspected allergic reactions after receiving Kudiezi injection. These were compared with non-allergic reaction people. Single factor logistic regression and multiple factor logistic regression were used to analyze data. Condition on admission, allergic history, dosage, disease status and drug combinations were taken into account in cases of suspected allergic reactions. After analysis in two subgroups we found that the condition on solvents had a significant effect, P values were 0.005 5 and < 0.000 1 on suspected cases of allergic reactions. For the first subgroup analysis, we found using other eight injections at the same time as Kudiezi injection could be risk factors in suspected cases of allergic reactions. For the second subgroup analysis combining using mannitol or fructose could increase risks. Based on this current research, condition on admission as well as the concomitant use of some other drugs may be the risk factors in suspected cases of allergic reactions. However, further research for verification is required. This study can provide guidance for safe clinical practice in using Kudiezi injection.
Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; diagnosis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; diagnosis ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged

The glutamate dehydrogenase (EC.1.4.1.4) gene which amplified from the genome of Brevibacterium flavum GDK-9 by polymerase chain reaction was linked with pUCm-T for sequence alignment. Analysis of gdh sequences revealed that the whole sequence is 1927 bp, only one ORF existed, which used ATG as the initiation codon and coded a peptide of 448 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 48 kD. The comparability between the cloned gdh sequence to the reported sequence is high to 99.55%. Only the 1190th base mutation (C→A) lead to the change of amino acid sequence (Thr→Asn), the others are not. The recombinant plasmid pXG was then transformed into E. coli XL-Blue and Brevibacterium flavum GDK-9 which was induced by IPTG. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that there was a clear induced protein band with molecular mass of 48.7 kD on expected position. Standard glutamate fermentations indicated that although the level of GDH increases the intracellular glutamate pool, the level of GDH has no influence on glutamate secretion.

OBJECTIVETo develop a transparent, non-toxic, non-irritating anti-fogging agent with long-lasting effect for nasal endoscopy.

METHODSThe anti-fogging agent was prepared by mixing ethanol, propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene glycol 400 and deionized water at different proportions based on an orthogonal test design. Twenty-seven test samples of the anti-fogging agents were obtained, which were colorless, transparent, and non-irritating, with a pH value of 7-8. Storz00 nasal endoscopy and its imaging system were used to test the anti-fogging time of the 27 samples, and each agent was tested for 3 times with medical Seoul iodine and 95% ethanol as control.

RESULTSThe optimal composition of the anti-fogging agent was 20% ethanol, 10% propylene glycol, 20% polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4% polyethylene glycol, 42% deionized water. The anti-fogging time of this agent reached 15 min, significantly longer than that of medical Seoul iodine (4 min) and 95% ethanol (18 s).

CONCLUSIONThis anti-fogging agent for nasal endoscopes is colorless and safe and has a long anti-fogging time by forming a homogenous transparent membrane over the endoscopic lens.

Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Ethanol ; Nose ; surgery ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ; Solutions ; chemistry

BACKGROUNDRetinal light injury can lead to degeneration of the photoreceptor cell layer. It has been hypothesized that the mechanism for this process is the photochemical damage. Ginkgo balboa extract (Ginkgo biloba extract EGB761) EGB761 is a free radical scavenger. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible effect of orally administered EGB761 on retinal light damage of mouse photoreceptor cells.

METHODSKunming mice were randomly chosen for the following groups containing 20 animals in each: control group, light damage group, saline control group, and drug treatment group. The drug treatment group and saline control group were given daily gavage of EGB761 (150 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)) one week before light exposure. At 7, 14, and 30 days after light exposure, animals were sacrificed and eyes were examined by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and retinal histopathology using in situ detection of apoptotic cells.

RESULTSIn the light damage group after 7 days there was visible edema, and the outer nuclear layer appeared withered with deeply stained dead cells, leaving only a thin nuclear layer of 7 - 8 cells. After 14 days, the photoreceptor cell layer disappeared, leaving only the outer nuclear layer of 1 - 3 cells with an average thickness of (37.988 ± 1.207) µm. The average thickness of the retina was (126.32 ± 2.31) µm. In the drug treatment group, the photoreceptor cell layer and outer nuclear layer damage were significantly lower than the saline group (t = 21.993, P < 0.001), demonstrating that EGB761, especially at 14 days after light exposure, can reduce retinal light damage in mice.

CONCLUSIONOral administration of EGB761 can partially inhibit apoptosis of photoreceptor cells, resulting in increased photoreceptor cell survival.

Animals ; Eye Injuries ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Light ; adverse effects ; Male ; Mice ; Microscopy, Electron ; Photoreceptor Cells ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; ultrastructure ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Retina ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; ultrastructure

Objective To evaluate the quality of the portal images acquired by computed radiography(CR)system and conventional screen-film system,respectively.Methods imaging plates (IP)and X-ray films of a home-devised lead phantom with a leakage of 6.45% were acquired,and modulation transfer function(MTF)curves of the both images were measured using edge method.Portal images of 40 nasopharyngeal cancer patients were acquired by IP and screen-film system respectively.Two doctors with similar experience evaluated the damage degree of petrosa] bone,the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of CR images and general images were drawn according to two doctors evaluation results.Results The identification frequency of CR system and screen-film system were 1.159 and 0.806 Lp/mm respectively.For doctor one,the area under ROC curve of CR images and general images were 0.802 and 0.742 respectively.For doctor two,the area under ROC curve of CR images and general images were 0.751 and 0.600 respectively.The MTF curve and ROC curve of CR are both better than those of screen-film system.Conclusion The image quality of CR portal imaging is much better than that of screen-film system.The utility of CR in linear accelerator for portal imaging is promising in clinic.

A GeXP based multiplex PCR assay was developed to simultaneously detect six different chicken respiratory viruses including H5, H7, H9 subtypes of avian influenza virus(AIV), new castle disease virus (NDV), infectious bronchitis virus(IBV) and infectious laryngotracheitis virus(ILTV). According to the conserved sequences of genes of each pathogen, seven pairs of specific primers were designed, and the reaction conditions were optimized. The specificity and accuracy of GeXP were examined using samples of single and mixed infections of virus. The sensitivity was evaluated by performing the assay on serial 10-fold dilutions of cloned plasmids. To further evaluate the reliability, thirty-four clinical samples were detected by GeXP. The corresponding specific fragments of genes were amplified. The detection limit of GeXP was 10(2) copies/microL when all of 7 pre-mixed plasmids containing target genes of six chicken respiratory viruses were present. In the detection of thirty-four clinical samples, the results of GeXP were accorded with the viral isolation completely. In conclusion, this GeXP assay is a rapid, specific, sensitive and high-throughput method for the detection of chicken respiratory virus infections. It can be applied in rapid differential diagnosis for clinical samples, and also provide an effective tool to prevent and control chicken respiratory diseases with similar clinical symptoms.
Animals ; Chickens ; Influenza A virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Influenza in Birds ; diagnosis ; virology ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Poultry Diseases ; diagnosis ; virology ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; diagnosis ; veterinary ; virology

OBJECTIVETo explore the myelo-protection effect of mdr1 transfected cord blood cells (CBMNCs) graft against high-dose homoharringtonine leukemia-bearing severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice model.

METHODSMultidrug resistant (mdr1)gene was transferred into CBMNCs by a retrovirus vector, containing full-length cDNA of human mdr1 gene. CBMNCs and high-titer retrovirus supernatant were cocultured with cytokine combinations for 5 - 6 days. The SCID mouse models bearing human HL-60 cell leukemia were divided into three groups. Group A received tail vein injection of 2 x 10(6) mdr1 gene transduced CBMNCs at day 1 and 3, groups B and C 2 x 10(6) un-transduced CBMNCs and same volume of normal saline, respectively. The 3 groups of the mouse model were treated with weekly escalated doses of homoharringtonine. The peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts, the human leukemia cells percentage in peripheral blood, the histological findings of main organs were assayed. The CD33 positive HL-60 cells in bone marrow were determined by flow cytometry. The function and expression of mdr1 gene were examined by PCR, immunochemistry (IC) and DNR extrusion test in vivo.

RESULTS(1) mdr1 gene was transferred into CBMNCs successfully and the transfection frequency was 30%. (2) Leukemia SCID mice were xenotransplanted with mdr1-transfected BMMNCs by a programmed procedure and could be used as a valuable model for in vivo evaluating myelo-protection effects. (3) The transfected mice could tolerate homoharringtonine 5 approximately 6 folds higher than conventional dose and kept peripheral WBC count at a mean of 3 x 10(9)/L, with the peripheral human myeloid leukemia cells percentage decreasing to less than 5%. Histological examination showed that there was no leukemia infiltration in the main organs, the CD33 positive HL-60 cells in bone marrow were less than 5%. (4) The repopulation frequency of the transfected CBMNs in marrow were 9.13%. DNR extrusion test confirmed that the P-gp product maintained its biological function in the marrow.

CONCLUSIONmdr1 transferred-human CBMNC can xenotransplanted and repopulated in leukemia-bearing SCID mouse and are protected from chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Genetic Vectors ; HL-60 Cells ; Harringtonines ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; metabolism ; transplantation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Random Allocation ; Retroviridae ; genetics ; Transfection ; Treatment Outcome ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

To explore the mechanisms of suppression growth and induction apoptosis of curcumin on human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI8226, the suppressive effect of curcumin on RPMI8226 was examined by MTT assay; the induction apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of curcumin on RPMI8226 were determined by flow cytometry (FCM); the changes of survivin, Bcl-2, Bax mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR. The results showed that curcumin obviously suppressed the proliferation of RPMI8226 in both time- and dose-dependent manners, and the IC(50) were 12.15 micromol/L, 4.9 micromol/L for 24 and 48 hours respectively. FCM indicated that the apoptosis ratio rose from 10.6% of untreated cells up to 36.9% of treated cells (p < 0.05), and curcumin arrested cell cycle of RPMI8226 at G(2)/M phase. RT-PCR showed that RPMI8226 cells expressed survivin, Bcl-2 strongly and Bax slightly; while RPMI8226 cells were treated with curcumin 10 micromol/L for 24 hours, the expressions of survivin, Bcl-2 mRNA were apparently down-regulated, and the expression of Bax mRNA was markedly up-regulated. It is concluded that curcumin can suppress the proliferation of human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI8226, and induce their apoptosis. The mechanism of antitumous effect of curcumin may be related to down-regulation of survivin, Bcl-2 mRNA and up-regulation of Bax mRNA.
Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism