AIM:To compare the quality of Liuwei Dihuang Pill produced by different pharmaceutical companies by determining the content and the in vitro dissolution of paeonol and loganin of Liuwei Dihuang Pill.METHODS:The HPLC method was used for the assay of paeonol and loganin in Liuwei Dihuang Pill.The standard dissolution test was used to investigate the in vitro dissolution of paeonol and loganin.RESULTS:The content of paeonol and loganin from different manufacturers differed significantly.Six products differed significantly from one another in their in vitro dissolution(P

Objective To study the chemical constituents of the organic acid part from Camptosorus sibiricus.Methods The compounds were isolated by chromatography on silica gel column and identified on the basis of physicochemical constants and spectral analysis.Results Ten compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 11,12,15-trihydroxy-13-en-octadecenoic acid(Ⅰ),caffeic acid(Ⅱ),courmaric acid(Ⅲ),protocatechuic acid(Ⅳ),4-hydroxybenzoic acid(Ⅴ),isovanillic acid(Ⅵ),2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(Ⅶ),cinnamic acid(Ⅷ),succinic acid(Ⅸ),palmitic acid(Ⅹ).Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a new compound named as camptosoric acid and compounds Ⅲ-Ⅹ are obtained from the plants of Camptosorus Link for the first time.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the expressions of advanced glycation end products(AGE) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE) in serum and placenta with the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Methods From December 2013 to June 2014, 32 women with severe preeclampsia who received cesarean section in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were recruited in the study, defined as the severe preeclampsia group. 30 healthy pregnant women who received cesarean section in the same hospital were recruited as the control group. ELISA was used to measure the maternal serum AGE, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in these women. Furthermore, ELISA was also used to measure AGE and TNF-α in the placenta. The localizations of AGE and RAGE protein in placentas were detected by immunohistochemical SP method. RAGE and TNF-α mRNA expression in placentas were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. AGE, RAGE and TNF-αprotein expression in placentas were measured by western blot, respectively. Results (1) The serum levels of AGE,sRAGE and TNF-αin the severe preeclampsia group were (538 ± 75),(367 ± 86) and (322 ± 40) ng/L,respectively. They were significantly higher than those in the control group[(454 ± 50), (286 ± 35) and (270 ± 35) ng/L, respectively](P<0.05). The levels of AGE showed positive correlation with the levels of TNF-α(r=0.588,P<0.05),while the levels of sRAGE showed no correlation with TNF-α(r=-0.041, P>0.05). (2) In the severe preeclampsia group, the levels of AGE and TNF-αin placentas were (500 ± 82) and (334 ± 57) ng/L, which were higher than those in the control group [(431 ± 74) and (263 ± 46) ng/L, respectively](P<0.05). The levels of AGE showed positive correlation with the levels of TNF-ɑ(r=0.406,P<0.05). (3)AGE and RAGE protein mainly located in the syncytiotrophoblasts, macrophages and vascular endothelial cells in the placentas of the two groups. AGE expressed mainly in the cytoplasm, and RAGE expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membranes.(4)RAGE and TNF-αmRNA expression in the placentas of the severe preeclampsia group were 12.6 ± 4.6 and 10.4 ± 2.4, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (0.9 ± 0.4 and 3.5 ± 0.9,P<0.01). (5) The expressions of AGE、RAGE and TNF-αprotein in placentas of the severe preeclampsia group were 0.68 ± 0.06, 0.82 ± 0.08 and 0.76 ± 0.08. All were significantly higher than those of the control group (0.46 ± 0.05,0.42 ± 0.09 and 0.52 ± 0.07;P<0.01). Conclusions The levels of AGE and RAGE in serum and placentas elevated in the severe preeclampsia group, and the expression of TNF-αalso elevated. These indicated that AGE and RAGE might be involved in the systemic inflammatory response and local inflammatory response in placentas, and then caused the preeclampsia.

AIM: To analyze the pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity in cases of canalicular inflammation.
●METHODS: Lacrimal sac secretion from 57 cases ( 57 eyes) with canalicular inflammation. used to do bacterial cultures and drug sensitivity tests. Grind open the sulfur particles from canaliculus for bacterial smear.
●RESULTS:After squeeze canalicular, there are 56 sulfur granules from 57 patients. All of the Sulfur particles smears were found in actinomycetes. A total of 55 from 57 cases of lacrimal secretions for bacterial culture were positive, and 63 strains were cultured. The main pathogen are Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus viridans and pneumococcus. Drug susceptibility test results showed that:rifampicin, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, and mezlocillin are sensitivity.
●CONCLUSION:Actinomycetes were the main pathogens to canalicular inflammation, and most of the presence of co- infection with other bacteria. Rifampin, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, and mezlocillin are sensitivity canalicular inflammation.

Objective To investigate the bacterial distribution and drug resistance in urinary tract infection from Sichuan Provin‐cial Antimicrobial Resistant Investigation Net during 2011-2012 .Methods The distribution and drug resistance data of pathogens isolated from urine specimens of urinary tract infection cases were collected from the members of Sichuan Provincial Antimicrobial Resistant Investigation Net ,and the results were counted and analyzed .Results There were 54 hospitals enrolling in the investiga‐tion .A total of 12 420 pathogenic strains were isolated from urinary tract infection in the survey .The top 5 predominant bacteria were Escherichia coli(46 .5% ) ,Excrement enterococcus (7 .0% ) ,K lebsiella pneumoniae (5 .8% ) ,Dung enterococcus (5 .7% ) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(3 .7% ) .The resistant rates of Escherichia coli ,K lebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem were 16 .0% ,16 .7% and 16 .0% ,and to levofloxacin were 55 .2% ,28 .2% and 27 .7% ,respectively .The resistant rates of Excrement enterococcus and Dung enterococcus to vancomycin were 4 .1% and 1 .4% respectively .Conclusion Escherichiacoli and Enterococcus are still the predominant organism in urinary tract infection cases .Clinical treatment should refer to the results of drug sensitive test .

Objective To investigate the clinical value of iPass in three dimensional contrast enhanced MR angiography (3D-CE-MRA). Methods iPass were performed in 32 cases, including cervical vessel (4 cases), pulmonary vessel (7 cases), abdominal vessel (18 cases), and femoral vessel (3 cases). iPass bolus tracking was run before 3D-CE-MRA. The tracking sequence was operated repeatedly with real time display of image. The peak of bolus arrival time(Tp), identified with signal of target vessel increased 30% over baseline, was automatically loaded in the timing page of 3D-CE-MRA, and the time of scan delay(Td) was computed by the system with Tp. The acquired images were subtracted and reconstructed by MIP. The quality of MIP image was evaluated. Results The iPass bolus tracking sequence and 3D-CE-MRA were completed successfully in 29 cases. The bolus tracking couldn′t detect the bolus arrival time in 3 cases, but they were completed through changing ROI and bolus tracking repeatedly. The average score of 3D-CE-MRA MIP image was 3.81?0.59. Conclusion iPass can provide the exact Tp and automatically control Td of 3D-CE-MRA. iPass is a useful procedure to improve the image quality and provide the specific scanning scheme for 3D-CE-MRA.

Epidemiologic Research Design ; Sociology, Medical

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of dialysate contained Chinese herbs for replenishing qi and activating blood circulation on platelet membranous glycoprotein CD62P in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing hemodialysis.

METHODSForty patients underwent maintaining hemodialysis were randomly assigned to two groups, the Western medicated group (WMG) and the Chinese herbs group (CHG). The content of CD62P in all patients was detected by ELISA before and after hemodialysis.

RESULTSThe levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, potassium, hematocrit, platelet count and carbon dioxide combining power (CO2CP) as well as the expression of CD62P after treatment were significantly changed in both groups with significant difference as compared with those before treatment (both P < 0.05). And comparison between the two groups in expression of CD62P after treatment also showed significant difference (P < 0.05). But the improvement in TCM syndrome between the two groups was insignificantly different (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHemodialysis with dialysate containing Chinese herbs of replenishing qi and activating blood circulation can decrease the expression of platelet membranous glycoprotein CD62P, which may be associated with the mechanism of Chinese herbs in treating CRF.

Adult ; Blood Circulation ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dialysis Solutions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; blood ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Phytotherapy ; Qi ; Renal Dialysis ; methods

The great majority of genetic disorders are caused by defects in the nuclear genome. However, some significant diseases are the result of mitochondrial mutations. Because of the unique features of the mitochondria, these diseases display characteristic modes of inheritance and a large degree of phenotypic variability. Recent studies have suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in a wide range of age-related disorders and various forms of cancer.
DNA, Mitochondrial ; metabolism ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Mitochondria ; physiology ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mutation ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Oxygen ; Phenotype ; Reactive Oxygen Species

Objective: To study the expression of CD44 in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and explore the possible mechanisms. Methods: 236 patients suspected with pulmonary tuberculosis were selected and divided into pulmonary tuberculosis group ( n= 152) and non-pulmonary tuberculosis group ( n= 84), and 100 healthy people were randomly selected as healthy control group. The expression of CD44 was evaluated by qRT-PCR and ELISA in peripheral blood and pleural effusion from different patients. The CD44 levels at pre and post-treatment time points were determined by ELISA. The inducing factors of increased CD44 and the potentialroles played by CD44 in the pathogenesis of TB were also evaluated. We elucidated whether CD44 detection could combine with T-spot. TB to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis rapidly and accurately. Results: The expression of CD44 in pulmonary tuberculosis patients was higher compared with the non-pulmonary tuberculosis patients and healthy people, and would be down-regulated after treatment for 3, 6 and 9 months. Besides, CD44 could not remove H37 Ra by the CFU assay, and could promote the expression of CCL-2, indicating that CCD4 promote the mobility the THP-1 via induction of CCL-2. Besides, TNF-α neutralizing antibody, added into the macrophages, could inhibit the expression of CD44, and functional TNF-α induced the expression of TNF-α. Conclusion: CD44 is highly expressed in pulmonary tuberculosis patients, which may be due to the high expression of TNF-α in pulmonary tuberculosis patients, stimulating macrophages to produce CD44, and it will provide a basis for clinical diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.