An internal amplification control, which could be co-amplified with the invA target gene of Salmonella in the PCR system, was constructed in order to indicate possible PCR inhibitors derived from food samples. Specificity of this PCR system was tested with 9 Salmonella strains and 15 non-Salmonella strains, and the results showed that there was a 374 bp amplicon resulted from all Salmonella strains, while only a 513 bp IAC amplicon appeared after the amplification for all non-Salmonella strains. The detection sensitivity of this PCR system was 12.8 fg/?L for purified target DNA, and the detection limit for artificially inoculated milks was 8 cfu /25g if they were enriched for 8h in buffered peptone water. Salmonella in 80 samples of seriously contaminated milks was detected by the PCR method developed in this study, and the experiments demonstrated that it could successfully eliminate false-negative results.

Radiotherapy is an important treatment on gynecological tumors,especially for brachyther- apy.~(137)Cs,~(192)Ir were usually used in the past,but the local control and survival rates were not increased obvi- ously.The machines,that was made in China,of ~(252)Cf neutrons brachytherapy were used already by many hos- pitals in our country and played a preponderant role more and more.It can increase the local control and sur- vival rates effectively on gynecological tumors.

Objective To investigate new cases of endemic cretinism in high-risk areas of Inner Mongolia, the prevalence of endemic goiter, the implementation of comprehensive measures, and to provide scientific basis for developing control strategies against iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Methods In 2007 and 2008, a search for new cretin cases was conducted among children under the age of 10 in 11 historical serious epidemic cretinism prevalent areas of Songshan district, Keshiketeng qi, Kalaqin qi, Zhalaite qi, Zhuozi county,Liangcheng county, Qingshuihe county, Helin county, Dongsheng district, Zhungeer qi and Yinjinhuoluo qi. Three to 5 towns were selected in each qi(county, district) and 3 to 5 village primary schools were selected in each town.One hundred and twenty to 200 children aged 8 to 10 were selected in each school to inspect thyroid by B ultrasound and palpation and to test intelligence and urinary iodine. Two villages were selected in each town and 30 households were selected to determine urinary iodine of housewives and salt iodine. Results A total of 56 cases of suspected cases of endemic cretinism were found from the 11 counties but no case was confirmed. The goiter rate of children aged 8 to 10 was 5.2% (309/5922) by palpation and 4.3% (252/5922) by B-ultrasound. The median urinary iodine of children aged 8 to 10 was 241.5 μg/L, and urinary iodine was 100 to 300 μg/L, accounted 65.9%(3901/5920). Median urinary iodine of the 9 Qis(counties, districts) was in the range of 200 and 300μg/L.Higher than 5% of the 11 Qis(counties, districts) with urinary iodine lower than 50 μg/L was zero. Higher than 10% of the 11 Qis(counties, districts) with urinary iodine lower than 100 μg/L was 1. The median urinary iodine of housewives was 225.6 μg/L, and lower than 50 μg/L accounted for 2.2%(35/1597). Higher than 10% of the 11 Qis(counties, districts) with urinary iodine lower than 100 μg/L was 4. A total of 2109 households were investigated and 97.45%(2055/2109) of them ate iodized salt and 2.55%(54/2109) of them ate non-iodized salt. Conclusions In the 11 investigated counties, goiter rate of children has decreased to less than 10%, and no new cretin was found. It could be concluded that the fulfillment of prevention and control of IDD is effective. The iodine nutrition of children and women of childbearing age is in an adequate level. The coverage rate of iodized salt has maintained at a higher level, the sales network is sound, the salt price is reasonable and salt is easy to get and the children's intelligence is protected effectively. But, the health education about IDD is still weak, need to be reinforced.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Infection ; etiology ; therapy ; Lymphoma ; microbiology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Endoglin ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Thy-1 Antigens ; metabolism ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Kanli Granule (KG) on myocardial mechanics in pressure overload induced diastolic heart failure (DHF) rats.

METHODSTotally 60 male Wistar rats were divided into the sham-operation group, the model group, the KG group, and the Valsartan group according to random digit table, 15 in each group. The pressure overload induced DHF model was established in all groups except the sham-operation group using abdominal aortic constriction surgery. Totally 7 rats died after modeling (with the mortality of 10. 67%) , and the rest 53 finished the following test. Rats in the KG group were administered with KG extract (calculated as 6. 75 g crude drug/kg) by gastrogavage. Rats in the Valsartan group were administered with Valsartan (7.2 µg/g) by gastrogavage. Equal volume of double distilled water was administered to rats in the model group and the sham-operation group by gastrogavage. All rats were intervened for 32 weeks. The response of isolated heart papillary muscle tonus to isoprenaline (ISO) and adenylate cyclase (Forskolin) was respectively observed. The enhancement phenomenon after resting development force (DF) of isolated heart papillary muscle tonus, and changes of DF in different Ca²⁺ concentrations were observed.

RESULTS(1) In the ISO response test: Compared with the sham-operation group, the amplifications of DF, ±df/dt, -df/dt were obviously elevated in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the amplifications of DF and ±df/dt were obviously lowered in the KG group (P < 0.01), and the amplification of ±df/dt was also reduced in the Valsartan group (P < 0.01). (2) In the Forskolin response test: Compared with the sham-operation group, the amplifications of DF and ±df/dt obviously increased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the amplifications of DF and ±df/dt were obviously reduced in the KG group (P < 0.01), and the amplification of DF was also reduced in the Valsartan group (P < 0.05). (3) In post-resting DF enhancement test: Compared with the sham-operation group, the amplification of DF showed gradually decreasing tendency along with prolonged resting time in the model group, and they were obviously lowered at all time points (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the amplification of DF was gradually increasing along with prolonged resting time in the KG group. The amplification of DF at post-resting 240 s was obviously larger in the KG group than in the model group (P < 0.05). The amplification of post-resting DF still showed gradually decreasing tendency along with prolonged resting time in the Valsartan group, with increased amplifications of DF at post-resting 60 s and 120 s (P < 0. 05) (4) The amplifications of DF in different Ca²⁺ concentrations: Compared with the sham-operation group, the amplifications of DF were significantly elevated in different Ca²⁺ concentrations (1.75, 3.5, 7.0 mmol/L ) (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, there was no statistical difference in amplification of DF in different Ca²⁺ concentrations in the KG group (P > 0.05). The amplifications of DF in different Ca²⁺ concentrations were significantly reduced in the Valsartan group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe ISO response and the Forskolin response were enhanced in isolated heart papillary muscle tonus of pressure overload induced DHF rats; enhanced post-resting DF was reduced; DF in different supra-physiologic levels of Ca²⁺ was still enhanced. KG could significantly improve excessive enhancement of pressure overload induced DHF rats in ISO response and Forskolin response, and improve enhancement of post-resting myocardium.

Animals ; Colforsin ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Heart Failure, Diastolic ; drug therapy ; Isoproterenol ; pharmacology ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; epidemiology ; Dyslipidemias ; epidemiology ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Smoking ; epidemiology

To explore the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function in the real world, in order to provide the basis for the clinical medication safety. Patient aged between 18-80 were selected from 18 large hospitals information system (HIS) databases established by clinical research institute for basic traditional Chinese medicine of China academy of Chinese medical sciences. The patients who were treated with Kudiezi injection (24 225 cases) were defined as the exposed group, whereas those who were not treated with Kudiezi injection (14,191 cases) were defined as the non-exposed group. The propensity score method was used to balance the confounding factors. Classic logistic regression, GBM weighted propensity score logistic regression, GBM propensity score weighted logistic regression with covariate and sensitivity analysis were adopted to study the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function. The results showed no significant difference in the possibility in abnormality in serum creatinine (Scr) (P = 0.940, 0.679, 0.834) and urea nitrogen (BUN) (P = 0, 0.045, 0.164) between both groups. Therefore, the existing data indicated no damage of Kudiezi injection on renal function. Because this study is a retrospective study based on the real world, there may be unknown confounding factors and potential bias. Therefore, further studies shall be conducted to monitor whether Kudiezi injection causes damage on renal function, in order to ensure the clinical medication safety.
Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Injections ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Logistic Models ; Propensity Score ; Retrospective Studies

Background Allograft rejection is a main cause of failure of penetrating keratoplasty,especially in the patient with high risk of rejection condition.Previous study on allograft rejection mechanism focused on limbal and corneal neovascularization,but these factors did not explain all the phenomena of allograft rejection.Research found that immune cells appeared in iris and ciliary body when rejection occurred,but the relationship between these immune cells and allograft rejection is unclear Objective This study was to evaluate the relationship between diversity of vascular permeability in the iris and ciliary body and allograft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty.Methods Seventy clean eight-week-old BALB/c mice were divided into allogeneic corneal transplantation group (60 mice) and blank control group (10 mice).Allogeneic corneal transplantation was performed with the same age of C57BL/6 mice as donor and BALB/c mice as the recipients.The grafts were examined under the slit lamp microscope and scored based on the criteria of Hegde.The mice were sacrificed and iris and ciliary tissue were obtained 5,10 days and rejection after surgery.Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was used respectively to detect the expression diversities of occludin,zonula occludens protein-1 (ZO-1),matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9),major histocompatibility complex-Ⅱ (MHC-Ⅱ),and CCR5,CCR7 and their mRNA in iris and ciliary body.Image-J image analysis software was used to calculate the quantity of positive cells on iris wholemount,and absorbance of target genes (A values).The use and care of the experimental animals complied the ARVO Resolution on the Use of Animals in Research.Results The mean survival time of corneal gratts was (17±3) days after operation.The mean score was 0.6 in 5 days and 0.5 in 10 days,and 3.3 in 18 days after operation.Expression of ZO-1 reduced significantly,and that of MMP-9 increased obviously at the time of rejection.MHC Ⅱ + cells were scattered in iris and ciliary body in normal mice,and the number of the positive cells (cells/field) was increased after operation with a peak value when rejection occurred.A significant difference was seen between normal mice and rejection mice (1559.67±350.29 vs.4021.83±495.18) (P=0.000).The expressions of occludin mRNA and ZO-1 mRNA in the iris and ciliary body decreased obviously in the rejection mice.Compared with normal mice,theA value of ZO-1 and occluding were 36.74±3.13 vs.110.11±11.88 and 57.54±3.41 vs.59.90±3.50respectively,with significant differences between them (all P＜0.05).The expressions of MMP-9 mRNA,CCR5 mRNA and CCR7 mRNA in the iris and ciliary body increased gradually with the time lapse after operation and peaked when the rejection appeared.The A value of MMP-9 mRNA,CCR5 mRNA and CCR7 mRNA were significantly higher than those of normal mice (20.29±1.19 vs.2.77±0.85 for MMP-9 mRNA; 35.43±2.56 vs.9.11±0.29 for CCR5 mRNA,and 60.83±0.87 vs.0.89 ±0.95 for CCR7 mRNA) respectively (all P＜0.05).Conclusions The permeability of vascules in the iris and ciliary body increase during the allograft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty.Increased antigen presenting cells were also detected.

Objective To study the feature of MRI in ureter transitional cell carcinoma,to evaluate the diagnostic value in transitional cell carcinoma of ureter with MRI.Methods Heavily T_2-weighted fast spin echo pulse sequence,fat suppression pulse and MR urography(MRU)were performed.The MRI finding of the ureter transitional cell carcinoma were anlysed in 32 cases and were discssed with the review of literature.Results Fifteen lesions were located at the upper portionof the ureter,7 at mid portion and 10 at lower portion.Each case presented urinary obstruction,distention and uretal hydrocele.21 retrograde urleropyelogrhpy of nodular shaperal irregular,11 irregular the ureteral wall,10 dilate the ureter in 21 cases,11 infitrative lesion to grow in location,9 lymphanode to enlarge in surrounding of major arterial of abdominal and renal out in 11 cases.17—72 mm length the lesion,39 mm average,6—50 mm width the leion,17 mm average.Hypointense on T_1 WI and hyperintense on T_2 WI image in 23 cases,hyperintense on both T_1 WI and T_2 WI image in 5 cases,hypointense on T_1 WI and isointense on T_2 WI image in 2 case, slightly hypointense on both T_1 WI and T_2 WI images in 2 case.Ninteen homogeneous and 13 non homogeneous of signal in lesion,22 reliable and 5 suspicious diagnosis and 5 misdiagnosis in MRI. Conclusion The location,the shape,the spectrum of the tumor and change of surrounding tiessue were clear cuted in MRI,but further research in confirmation of the diagnosis.