In the experiment, the production of plagues by Bdellovibrio bacteria in solid medium cultivation, the reproduction of Bdellovibrio bacteria in liquid medium cultivation and the attachment of Bdellovibrio bacteria to carrier were observed, which aimed to study the effects of enrofloxacin on the growth and at-tachment ability of Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16. Results indicated that in solid medium cultivation, the production of plagues by Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16 was inhibited by different concentrations (2 ?g/mL, 5 ?g/mL, 10 ?g/mL, 20 ?g/mL, 50 ?g/mL) of enrofloxacin and the inhibitory effects of enrofloxacin became stronger with the increase of the concentration of enrofloxacin. Similarly, in liquid medium cultivation, the reproduction of Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16 was also obviously inhibited by different concentrations ofenrofloxacin and higher concentrations of enrofloxacin such as 10 ?g/mL, 20 ?g/mL, 50 ?g/mL had stronger inhibitory effects on the reproduction of BDF-H16. However, the growth tendency of Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16 was not inhibited in 10 ?g/mL enrofloxacin. Additionally, when zeolite was added, enrofloxacin had also inhibitory effects on the numbers of Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16 attached to zeolite. With the increase of the concentrations of enrofloxacin, the numbers of Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16 attached to zeolite became smaller and smaller. However, the attachment rate of Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16 to zeo-lite became higher under 2 ?g/mL-20 ?g/mL enrofloxacin. The results above showed that enrofloxacin had inhibitory effects on the plague production and reproduction of Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16, but the at-tachment ability of Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16 was strengthened in liquid medium cultivation with 2 ?g/mL-20 ?g/mL enrofloxacin and zeolite, and adding zeolite helped to reduce the adverse effects of en-rofloxacin on Bdellovibrio bacteria BDF-H16.

To explore the effect of releasing aqueous humor of anterior chamber through lateral incision of cornea in treating early elevated intraocular pressure ( lOP ) after implantation of implantable collamer lens ( lCL) .METHODS: Patients with elevated lOP were analyzed after lCL implantation. When the lOP>25mmHg, aqueous humor was released slowly through lateral incision of cornea, and made the lOP reduce to 10 ~13mmHg. After operation, lOP was measured every 2h. The releasing of aqueous humor was repeated until the lOP was decreased to normal.RESULTS: One hundred sixty - seven patients ( 330 eyes) were implanted lCL, while the lOP of 32 patients (62 eyes) was higher than 25mmHg after lCL implantation. Viscoelastic material was found in aqueous humor of most of high lOP patients, and the lOP of 48 eyes did not increase again through releasing aqueous humor once. The lOP of all these eyes was decreased to normal through releasing aqueous humor in 3 times at most. There were no abnormal in postoperative follow-up.CONCLUSlON:The main reason of early elevated lOP after lCL implantation is the remaining of viscoelastic material of eyes. Releasing aqueous humor through lateral incision of cornea can decrease lOP effectively. lt is a simple, safe, painless and repetition, which the patients are willing to accept.

Objective To investigate the occurrence of nocturnal myocardial ischemia and its relationship with sleep-disordered breathing (apneas and oxygen desaturations) in patients with angina pectoris undergoing coronary angiography.Methods Eighty-two men and 14 women referred for consideration of coronary intervention were randomly selected. Observation by an overnight sleep monitor and Holter recording were performed to study sleep-disordered breathing (oxyhemoglobin desaturations≥4％ and apnea-hypopneas),heart rates, and ST-segment depressions (≥ 1mm, ≥1 min).Results Nocturnal ST-segment depressions occurred in 37 ％ of the patients. ST-segment depression within 2 min after an apnea-hypopnea or desaturation occurred in 17％ of the patients. This temporal association was seen in 21％ of the patients with nocturnal ST-segment depressions, more frequently in men (P＜0.05) and more frequently in those with severe disordered breathing (P＜0.05).Most of these ST-segment depressions were preceded by a series of breathing events: repeated apnea-hypopneas or desaturations or both in 73％ of the patients. Conclusions Episodes of nocturnal myocardial ischemia are common in patients with angina pectoris. A temporal relationship between sleep-disordered breathing and myocardial ischemia was present in some of our patients, and occurs more frequently in men and in those with severely disordered breathing. (J Geriatr Cardiol 2004;1(2):90-94.)

Effects of Cr 6+ concentration and culture time on four heavy metal removing strains,stability of these four strains removing Cr 6+,configuration changes inside or outside their cells,effects of Cr 6+ on soluble reductive sugar inside their cells,and effect of several factors on these strains had been studied,and the Cr 6+ resistance mechanisms of these strains have been discussed elementarily. The results showed that the Lethality of these strains caused by Cr 6+ was similar with one another, namely, increasing at first, then decreasing, and finally increasing again as culture time passed. Acclimatization of Candida sp. was better than Sporobolomycetaceae sp.,and the Cr 6+ resistance of Sporobolomycetaceae sp. 7-3 was the best of the four. The research also demonstrated that the metabolic activity of these strains had been influenced by Cr 6+ in a certain extent. Scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and atomic force microscopy observations approved that removal of Cr 6+ by Candida sp. was depended on both surface adsorption and intracellular accumulation. Effects of Cr 6+ concentration, pH, culture time, nitrogen source, carbon source and adsorption time on these strains are not the same.

Humans ; Moxibustion ; Depression ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Esophagitis, Peptic

OBJECTIVETo investigate suitable treatment method for contracture of inframammary scars.

METHODSNine female patients with contracture of inframammary sear hospitalized in our hospital from July 2000 to July 2007 were subjected to skin expansion around the breast. The sites of incisions were mainly located on the inframammary scars. The expanders were placed around the breast and middle chest near the sternum. On the lateral side of chest, the expander should be inserted at the site parallel to upper level of the breast. The expanders should be placed under deep fascia and superficial to the gland. At II stage of operation, the scars were excised and the subcutaneous tissues should be thoroughly loosened to assure that the soft tissue and mammary gland would be restored to its anatomical position. Expanded skin was then designed as advancement or transposition flaps to repair the defects, or effects were closed with suturing.

RESULTSBlood circulation disturbance occurred at the tip of a flap in one patient, with the size of 4.0 cm x 3.0 cm, and the resulting wound healed after skin grafting. Flaps in the other 8 patients survived, and the wounds healed satisfactorily. Nipples and mammary areola were successfully restored to the anatomical positions. Three patients were followed up for 6 months to 2 years, and the result was satisfactory.

CONCLUSIONSExpanded flap is feasible for repairing contracture of inframammary scar and with good result.

Adolescent ; Breast ; Child ; Cicatrix ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Expansion ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo assess the therapeutic effect of losartan on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) with gas chromatography (GC)-based metabonomics.

METHODSDM2 patients were dosed with losartan (100 mg/d) and urines were collected at week 8 and 12. The biochemical criteria (blood pressure, urinary albumen, urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and blood creatinine) were analyzed. Urine samples were derivatived and analyzed by GC. Multivariate metabonomics analysis was performed after peak alignment.

RESULTSAfter 8-12 weeks, losartan showed little curative effect and no remarked changes of biochemical criteria were observed. However, metabonomics analysis revealed that some biomarkers such as glucitol and inositol changed.

CONCLUSIONGC-based metabonomics analysis enables the rapid identification of metabolic differences and provides information concerning therapeutic effect of losartan.

Albuminuria ; urine ; Biomarkers ; blood ; chemistry ; urine ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Creatinine ; blood ; Deoxyguanosine ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Diabetes Mellitus ; drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; Drug Monitoring ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Inositol ; chemistry ; Losartan ; therapeutic use ; Metabolome ; drug effects ; Sorbitol ; chemistry

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the influencing factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

METHODSA hospital-based case-control study was conducted in patients with NAFLD and controls without NAFLD in a hospital from January to August in 2007. All data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software.

RESULTSOne-way analysis of variance found that the two groups were significantly different in cigarette smoking, alcohol and tea comsumption, movement index, speed of food intake, frequency of social engagement, kinds of edible oil, marine products, family history of NAFLD, hypertension, higher blood sugar, abnormality of blood fat, higher level of ALT, higher level of AST, hyperuricemia, obesity, decrease of high density lipoprotein (HDL), and increase of low density lipoprotein. By non-conditional logistic stepwise regression analysis, 12 of 18 factors were used to construct a model, ten of which were the risk factors and two were protective factors of NAFLD. Risk factors included obesity (OR=6.35), hypertension(OR=3.82), dyslipidemia (OR=2.95), decrease of HDL (OR=2.85), hyperglycemia (OR=2.82), increase of ALT (OR=2.80), hyperuricemia (OR=2.35), HBsAg positive (OR=1.99), family history of fatty liver (OR=1.79) and frequently intake of marine products (OR=1.58), and protective factors included tea drinking (OR=0.72) and exercise (OR=0.90).

CONCLUSIONSThere are many influencing factors of NAFLD, and life styles are the key factors. Genetic background may also play some roles in NAFLD.

Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; adverse effects ; Case-Control Studies ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Fatty Liver ; blood ; epidemiology ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Life Style ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; complications ; Odds Ratio ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the killing effect of the mutant herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-sr39tk) and its wild-type (HSV-tk) mediated by lentiviral vector on T lymphocytes in vitro and compare T cell survival rate after GCV or ACV treatment.

METHODSThe three-plasmid lentiviral vector system including packaging plasmid DeltaNRF, envelope plasmid VSV-G and vector plasmid (pTK151 + HSV-sr39tk or pTK151 + HSV-tk) were cotransfected into human embryonic kidney 293T cells using modified calcium phosphate precipitation methods. The packaged virus was harvested 72 h later. The survival of T cells expressing HSV-sr39tk or HSV-tk was measured by MTT assay after 4 day-culture against a gradient of GCV or ACV concentrations.

RESULTSThe three plasmids were effectively cotransfected and a high titre of lentivirus was obtained (2 x 10(6) IU/ml). 39tk(+) T cell survival rates declined promptly when the prodrug GCV/ACV concentrations increased from 0 micromol/L to 10 micromol/L. The T cell survival rates in GCV group declined from (96.04 +/- 3.23)% to (36.76 +/- 4.38)% while in ACV group from (97.31 +/- 4.61)% to (43.75 +/- 8.99)%. However, when GCV/ACV concentrations were more than 10 micromol/L, further decline of 39tk(+) T cell survival rates became unobvious. The growth rate of 39tk(+) T cell exposed to GCV or ACV was obviously lower than that in un-transfected T cells (P < 0.05). Tk(+) T cells were sensitive to GCV (P < 0.05), but not to ACV (P > 0.05). There was a significant difference in killing effects between 39tk(+) T cell + GCV group and tk(+) T cell + GCV group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe lentiviral vectors containing HSV-sr39tk gene could infect T lymphocytes effectively and stably without affecting the proliferation of the transduced cell. In contrast to HSV-tk gene, T cells infected HSV-sr39tk were more sensitive not only to GCV but also to ACV.

Acyclovir ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Ganciclovir ; pharmacology ; Genetic Vectors ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plasmids ; genetics ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Thymidine Kinase ; genetics ; Transfection

The prognostic value of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase,catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is controversial.We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutation in patients with ESCC.EMBASE,PubMed,and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from inception through Oct.3,2016.The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95％ confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random effects model for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).Seven studies enrolling 1505 patients were eligible for inclusion of the current meta-analysis.Results revealed that PIK3CA mutation was not significantly associated with OS (HR:0.90,95％ CI:0.63-1.30,P=0.591),with a significant heterogeneity (I2=65.7％,P=0.012).Additionally,subgroup analyses were further conducted according to various variables,such as types of specimen,the sample size,technique and statistical methodology.All results suggested that no significant relationship was found between PIK3CA mutation and OS in patients with ESCC.For DFS,there was no significant association between PIK3CA mutation and DFS in patients with ESCC (HR:1.00,95％ CI=0.47-2.11,P=0.993,I2=73.7％).Publication bias was not present and the results of sensitivity analysis were very stable in the current meta-analysis.Our findings suggest that PIK3CA mutation has no significant effects on OS and DFS in ESCC patients.More well-designed prospective studies with better methodology for PIK3CA assessment are required to clarify the prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutation in ESCC patients.