The whole herb of Solanum nigrum L. can be used as the herbal drug. In this study, UHPLC-Q Exactive high resolution mass combined with GNPS molecular network was used for the rapid characterization of the components in the leaves of S. nigrum L. A total of 157 compounds were identified, including 30 steroid alkaloids, 61 steroid saponins, 35 flavonoids, and 31 other compounds (amino acids and organic acids), by comparison with the data reported in the literature, and mass fragmentation characteristics analysis, as well as the correlation of known and unknown nodes in the GNPS molecular network. Compared with the fruits and stems, the leaves of S. nigrum L was rich in a variety of steroidal saponins, steroidal alkaloids, and flavonoids, and the results lay the foundation for the precise resources utilization of S. nigrum L.

Objective To evaluate the changes of the activation and proliferation of rat cardiac fibroblasts in infarcted and non-infarcted regions.Methods The model of myocardial infarction (AMI)was developed through the ligation of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery.After 24 hours,the survived 114 rats were randomly assigned to the following 2 groups:(1)AMI group (n=57);(2)telmisartan treatment group(n=57).And a sham-operated group(n=32)was used asa control.All groups were terminated at day 4,7,14,28,respectively(n=10,12,15,20).At the end of the study,heart rate(HR),blood pressure (BP),ventricle relative weight (ventricle weight/body weight,VW/BW) and survival rate were measured,and the activation and proliferation of fibroblast and collagen volume fraction (CVF) were assessed.Results (1)The 28 day accumulated survival rate for treatment group was lower than that for AMI group (P

To explore a new method for identification of Mongolian patent medicine (MPM) by PCR amplification of specific alleles. Eight kinds of MPM were used to study the identification of "Digeda" raw materials. The total DNA of Lomatogonium rotatum and Corydalis bungeana samples were extracted through modified CTAB method, psbA-trnH sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced directionally. Specific primer was designed. The DNA of 8 kinds of MPM also was extracted and purified by the commercial DNA purification kits. The rbcL and two pair of specific primers sequences were amplified. The specific amplified products were sequenced in forward directions. All specific sequences were aligned and were analyzed. The results indicated that L rotatum can be identified by specific primers from Digeda-4 Tang, Digeda-8 San, Digeda-4 San, and C. bungeana medicinal materials can be identified by specific primers from Li Dan Ba Wei San, Yi He Ha Ri-12 and A Ga Ri-35. PCR amplification of specific alleles can stably and accurately distinguish raw medicinal materials in MPM.
Alleles ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective To report the clinical effect of free transplanting for soft tissue defects pedieled with high site cutaneous branches of the transverse branch of lateral cirumflex femoral artery.Methods Cu- taneous branches of the descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery were found small or abscent in 7 patients.The anterolateral femoral skin flap was pedicled with high site cutaneous branches of the transverse branch to repair the soft tissue defects of the arm,hand,leg and foot,rather than with the descending ones. The size of the flap ranged from 15 cm?6 cm to 28 cm?13 cm,with part muscle valve,iliotibal tract and lat- eral femoral cutaneous nerve.The fractures were performed with internal or external fixation.Results All of the anterolateral femoral skin flap survived well postoperatively in the 7 cases and had good appearance and sensation at one stage.The function of the repaired extremities recovered well.Conclusion The anterolat- eral femoral skin flap pedicled with high site cutaneous branches of the transuvrse branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery has many advantages of good blood supply and large size.The flap was secluding,and can be taken with some muscle and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve.When cutaneous branches of the descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery is small or abscent,the anterolateral femoral skin flap with high site cutaneous branches of the transverse branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery is an optimal alternative.

BACKGROUNDIt is unclear whether a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) would impact the effect of catheter ablation on persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to compare the effect of catheter ablation on persistent AF with and without a history of PAF.

METHODSOne hundred and eighty-three patients underwent catheter ablation of persistent AF lasting for > 1 month and were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had a history of PAF or not. Group I consisted of persistent AF patients with a history of PAF, and group II consisted of persistent AF patients without such a history. All patients received catheter ablation focused on pulmonary vein isolation and were observed for arrhythmia recurrences, which were defined as documented episodes of AF or atrial tachycardia after a blanking period of 3 months.

RESULTSOne hundred and three patients (60.9%) in group I and sixty-six patients (39.1%) in group II were successfully followed and included in analysis. There were no significant differences in clinical and echocardiographic characteristics between both groups except for a younger age and more male patients in group II. After (15.5 ± 10.7) months of follow-up, 59 (57.3%) patients in group I and 49 (74.2%) patients in group II maintained sinus rhythm free of anti-arrhythmia drugs (P = 0.025). Multivariate analyses found left atrial anteroposterior diameter (P = 0.006) and persistent AF with a history of PAF (OR 1.792, 95%CI 1.019 - 3.152; P = 0.043) as the only independent statistical predictors of arrhythmia recurrences.

CONCLUSIONThe arrhythmia recurrence rate of catheter ablation based on pulmonary vein isolation in persistent AF with a history of PAF was higher than those without a history of PAF.

Adult ; Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Pulmonary Veins ; surgery ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of cellular metabolism of mandibular condylar chondrocytes in repairing state of osteoarthrosis and investigate its role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

METHODSTemporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model of rabbits was created by the partial resection of joint disc and confirmed with histological diagnosis. The chondrocytes were harvested from osteoarthritic condylar cartilage in the repairing state and cultured in vitro under the monolayer culture condition. The cellular expression of cartilaginous matrix protein, collagenase and growth factors between the osteoarthritic chondrocytes and the normal controls were measured with RT-PCR technique to outline the basic feature of the osteoarthritic cells.

RESULTSThe cultured cells were confirmed as chondrocytes with their ability of expression of collagen type II and Aggrecan. In the reactive repairing state of osteoarthrosis, the chondrocytes showed the imbalance of expression of ECM proteins, and increased expression of collagenase and endogenous growth factors such as IGF-1 and TGF-beta1.

CONCLUSIONSThis study found the active anabolism of the chondrocytes within the osteoarthritic condylar cartilage and the imbalance synthesis of cartilage matrix. These repairing attempts by the osteoarthritic chondrocytes may be impossible to restore the primary homeostasis within the condylar cartilage.

Animals ; Cartilage, Articular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mandibular Condyle ; metabolism ; pathology ; Osteoarthritis ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; pathology ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of refracture in patients suffering from osteoporosis-related fractures as well as effective interventions.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to January 2008, both out-patients and in-patients in our hospital who were over 50 years old and suffered from osteoporosis-related fractures were selected for this research. They were divided into fracture group and refracture group. The refracture rate was followed up for 2 years, during which 11 patients developed refracture, thus were included in the refracture group. Therefore, 273 patients, 225 first-fracture cases, aged (67.7+/-8.5) years, and 48 refracture cases, aged (72.7+/-9.5) years, were included in this study. General data including age and sex, fracture types, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) T-scores tested by dual-energy X-rays absorptiometry (DEXA), Charlson index, time-frame between two fractures as well as mobility skill assessment were collected and analyzed by single-factor and multivariate statistical methods.

RESULTSFemales accounted for 70.2% of the fracture group and 77.1% of the refracture group. The most common refracture type was vertebral fracture for the first time and femoral neck fracture for the second time during the follow-up. The second fracture happened 3.7 years after the first one on average. The refracture rate was 2.12% within one year, and 4.66% within two years. Risk factors for a second fracture in osteoporotic fracture patients included age (larger than 75 years, HR equal to 1.23, 95%CI 1.18-1.29; larger than 85 years, HR equal to 1.68, 95% CI 1.60-1.76), female sex (HR equal to 1.36, 95%CI 1.32-1.40), prior vertebral fractures (HR equal to 1.62, 95%CI 1.01-2.07), prior hip fractures (HR equal to 1.27, 95%CI 0.89-2.42), BMD T-score less than -3.5 (HR equal to 1.38, 95%CI 1.17-1.72) and weakened motor skills (HR equal to 1.27, 95%CI 1.09-1.40).

CONCLUSIONSThe risks of second fracture among patients with initial brittle fracture are substantial. There is adequate time between the first and second fractures for interventions to reduce the risks of refracture, especially for the old women with a vertebral or hip fracture. Medication, motor functional rehabilitation and fall-down prevention training are helpful.

Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Skills ; Multivariate Analysis ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; etiology ; Risk Factors

Objective To understand the clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus spp.isolated from blood culture.Methods Enterococcus spp.isolated from blood culture specimens of hospitalized patients between January 2012 and December 2016 was analyzed,antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were analyzed.Results A total of 139 strains of Enterococcus spp.were isolated,including 78 strains of Enterococcus faecium (E.faecium),60 Enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis),and 1 Enterococcus avium (E.avium),accounting for 56.11％,43.17％,and 0.72％ respectively;56.83％ of patients were ＞60 years and 17.27％ were ≤28 days.The main department sources of strains were intensive care unit and neonatal department,accounting for 34.53％ and 18.70％respectively.There was only 1 strain of E.avium,which was isolated from neonatal department.Resistance rates of E.faecium to penicillin,ampicillin,levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,moxifloxacin,and nitrofurantoin were all higher than E.faecalis(all P＜0.05),while resistance rate to tetracycline was lower than E.faecalis(P =0.001).Resistance rates of E.faecium to vancomycin and linezolid were 2.56％ and 6.41％ respectively;resistance rates of E.faecalis to vancomycin and linezolid were 0 and 3.33％ respectively.Conclusion E.faecium and E.faecalis are the main Enterococcus spp.isolated from blood culture,most are isolated from the elderly patients and newborns.Resistance rates of E.faecium to most antimicrobial agents are higher than E.faecalis,resistance rates of E.faecium and E.faecalis to linezolid are both higher than resistance rates to vancomycin,key monitoring needs to be continued.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of intrajejunal nutrition on uptake of amino acid and enzyme-protein synthesis in pancreatic acinar cell and subcellular fractionation and zymogen granules in dogs with acute pancreatitis.

METHODSFifteen dogs were induced acute pancreatitis by retrograde injection of 5% sodium-taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Radioactive tracing and electron microscope were used to evaluate the change of amino acid uptake, enzyme-protein synthesis in acinar cell, subcellular fractionation, the quantitative analysis of mean zymogen granule number and mean zymogen granule area after injection L-(3)H-phenylalanine 30, 60, 120 1nd 180 min on the 7(th) day.

RESULTSThe radioactivity of L-(3)H phenylalanine uptake by pancreatic acinar cells and incorporations of L-(3)H phenylalanine into newly synthesized enzyme-protein peaked at 60 min. In enteral nutrition (EN) group it was higher that that in parenteral nutrition (PN) group (P < 0.05), and then gradually declined. The radioactivity peaked at 60 min in zymogen granule, lysosomal-mitochondria and microsomal subcellular fractionation. The latter two decreased, bat there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The change of the mean number and mean area of zymogen granules were not significant different between the EN group and PN group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEN or PN do not stimulate pancreatic acinar uptake amino acid and enzyme-protein synthesis in acinar cell and subcellular fractionation.

Acute Disease ; Amino Acids ; metabolism ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Enteral Nutrition ; Enzyme Precursors ; biosynthesis ; Female ; Male ; Pancreas, Exocrine ; metabolism ; Pancreatitis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Random Allocation ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressing human receptor activity modified protein 1 (hRAMP1) by adenovirus vector on infarction related inflammation and cardiac repair in a rabbit model of myocardial infarction (MI).Methods Thirty rabbits underwent coronary artery ligation for 60 minutes followed by 24 hours reperfusion and divided into MSChRAMP1 group (intravenously injection of MSCs transfected with adenovirus vector encoding hRAMP1 gene enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP,n =10),MSCnull group (MSCs transfected with adenovirus vector encoding only EGFP without hRAMP1 gene,n =10) and control group (equally volume of phosphate buffered saline,PBS,n =10).The plasma level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were quantified by ELISA assay at before and 1,3,7,28 days after induction of MI.The expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and hRAMP1 in infracted myocardium were measured by Western blot at 1,3,7,28 day following MI.The area of MI and collagen deposition and fibrosis were evaluated by TTC staining and Masson staining,respectively.Results Area of MI and collagen content were significantly reduced in MSChRAMP1 group compared those in MSCnull and control group [ (10.1 ±2.9)％ vs.(30.6 ±2.7 )％ and (22.5 ±3.2)％,P ＜ 0.05 ].Myocardial expression of NF-κB and plasma TNF-α[ 7 days after transplantation:(97.2 ± 6.7) pg/ml vs.( 207.6 ± 12.7 ) pg/ml and ( 153.2 ± 9.9) pg/ml,P＜0.05 ]were also lower while plasma level of IL-10 [ 7 days after transplantation:(238.5 ± 17.5) pg/ml vs.(177.3±19.8) pg/ml and (244.6 ±27.3) pg/ml,P＜0.05] was significantly higher in MSChRAMP1 group than in MSCnull and control group.Conclusion MSCs overexpression hRAMP1 could further reduce area of MI possibly through inhibiting the myocardial expression of NF-κB and reducing the plasma TNF-α level and raising plasma IL-10 level.