ObjectiveTo summarize the means of prevention and treatment for early complications (in the first month) of partial live small bowel transplantation.MethodsThrombus of anastomosis blood vessel, bleeding, infection, rejection, dysfunction of transplantated bowel were the main complications in the first month after operation, which should be paied more attention to. ResultsFour patients suffered acute rejection, respiratory tract infection, dysfunction of transplantated bowel in first month after operation. After accurately treating, all the complications were cured. The function of transplantated bowels were well. ConclusionPreventing and treating early complications accurately after partial live small bowel transplantation is important.

In this paper, the RP-HPLC specific chromatography was adopted, with DIKMA-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 µm) as the chromatographic column, with a gradient elution compose of acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid at flow rate of 0.8 mL · min(-1), the detection wavelength was 220 nm. The difference of the HPLC specific chromatograms between the Lu Dangshen and other different base sources and different producing area of Codonopsis Radix was compared, involved in the similarities and differences of the number and the relative peak area of characteristic peaks in the HPLC specific chromatograms. The HPLC specific chromatograms of Lu Dangshen was established and the relative retention times of seven peaks was determined, and the peaks of codonopyrrolidium B, syringin, lobetyolin, tangshenoside I and atractylenoide III were identified; The HPLC specific chromatograms of Lu Dangshen provided a method for scientific evaluation and effective control the quality of Lu Dangshen from Shanxi famous-region.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Codonopsis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Phenylpropionates ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of alcohol extract of Plumula Nelumbini (AEPN) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatic fibrosis rats and to explore its possible mechanism.

METHODSTotally 32 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the high dose AEPN group, and the low dose AEPN group, 8 in each group. 1,000 mg/kg AEPN was given to rats in the high dose AEPN group by gastrogavage at 10 mL/kg, once daily, while 500 mg/kg AEPN was given to rats in the low dose AEPN group by gastrogavage at 10 mL/kg, once daily. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and albumin (ALB) were examined using automatic biochemical analyzer. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydroxyproline (Hyp) in the hepatic tissue were determined using colorimetry. The degree of liver fibrosis was observed by HE staining and Masson staining. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was detected using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS(1) Compared with the normal control group, serum levels of ALT and AST obviously increased and the serum ALB level obviously decreased in the model group (all P < 0.05). After treated by AEPN, serum levels of ALT and AST were lowered. and the serum ALB level was higher (all P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the normal control group, collagen deposition was obviously seen in rats' livers of the model group, and pseudolobule had formed; inflammatory activities and fibrosis degrees were serious; contents of Hyp also increased (P < 0.05).After treated by AEPN, collagen deposition was obviously reduced with no obvious pseudolobule; inflammatory activities and fibrosis degrees were alleviated; contents of Hyp were also lowered (P < 0.05). (3) Compared with the normal control group, contents of MDA in the liver tissue obviously increased, while activities of SOD obviously decreased (P < 0.05) in the model group. After treated by AEPN, contents of MDA in the liver tissue decreased and the serum SOD level significantly increased (all P < 0.05). (4) Compared with the normal control group, the expression of α-SMA was obviously elevated in the model group (P < 0.05). After treated by AEPN, its expression was obviously lowered (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAEPN could fight against CCl4 induced liver fibrosis in rats. Fighting against lipid peroxidation and inhibi- ting activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells might be possibly main mechanism.

Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Collagen ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Ethanol ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; Hydroxyproline ; metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Rats ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of hyperoxia solution on acute lung injury caused by phosgene poisoning by observing the changes of PaO2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum and Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) contents in lung tissues.

METHODSThe rabbits were divided into normal control group, hyperoxia solution (H0) and balance salt (BS) groups. Group HO and Group BS inhaled phosgene and the former was given intravenously hyperoxia solution (which was replaced by balance salt solution in Group BS). The content of MDA and the activity of SOD in serum were observed at different time points, the amount of GSH and GSSG in lung tissue were also measured.

RESULTS(1) The serum MDA contents increased and PaO2, SOD activity decreased significantly in Group HO and Group BS along with time increasing as compared with control group. The contents of GSH in lung tissue decreased in two groups compared with that in control group, however the contents of GSSG ascended instead. (2) At 3 and 8 h of the experiment, PaO2 of Group HO [(9.91 +/- 0.49), (9.15 +/- 0.46) mm Hg respectively] were significantly higher than those of Group BS [(9.03 +/- 0.76), (8.11 +/- 0.57) mm Hg respectively] (P < 0.01). The contents of MDA of Group HO (3.66 +/- 0.35), (5.31 +/- 0.15) micromol/L respectively] were lower than those of Group BS [(4.32 +/- 0.26), (7.4 +/- 0.33) micromol/L respectively] (P < 0.01). SOD activity in Group HO [(237.37 +/- 29.96), (208.10 +/- 18.80) NU/ml respectively] were higher than those of Group BS [(195.02 +/- 21.44), (144.87 +/- 21.26) NU/ml respectively] (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The content of GSSG lung tissue in Group HO (423.67 +/- 38.21) micromol/L were lower than those of Group BS (523.85 +/- 43.14) mol/L (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the content of GSH in lung tissues between Group HO and group BS.

CONCLUSIONHyperoxia solution can reduce acute lung injury of rabbits following phosgene poisoning.

Acute Lung Injury ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Animals ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Hyperoxia ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Oxygen ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Phosgene ; poisoning ; Rabbits ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death. Safflower attracts great attention owing to its anti-ischemia/reperfusion injury effect. Ninety-three patients with CAD were included and randomized into safflower treatment group, PCI group and control group. Low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) was performed to measure end-systolic volume (ESV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and wall motion score index (WMSI) to determine the recovery of hibernating myocardium and cardiac function in all patients before treatment and after 3-month follow-up. The study was to investigate the effects of safflower on hibernating myocardial revascularization and cardiac function. It was found that LVEF was significantly improved, while the ESV and WMSI were significantly reduced after 2-week treatment in safflower and PCI treatment groups. No significant differences were found between safflower and PCI treatment groups in ESV, EDV, WMSI and LVEF after treatment Safflower injection effectively improved hibernating myocardial function.
Aged ; Carthamus tinctorius ; chemistry ; Coronary Artery Disease ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Revascularization ; Myocardial Stunning ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Recovery of Function

Objective To explore acute toxicity of succimer on mice.Methods Twenty Kunming mice(10 males and 10 females) weighting approximately (21.2?2.3)g were acclimatized for 3 days prior to dosing,then were divided into control group and experiment group with 10 mice in each group according to body weight.Fasted for 12 hours,the mice in experiment group received intragastric administration of 160mg DMSA in deionized water in 24 hours,and the control group received the same volume of deionized water,and then they were observed for 7 days.Blood was collected into heparinized-tubes by removal of eyeball.All mice were sacrificed and brain,heart,liver and kidney were removed and washed with normal saline.The activity or amount of BUN,Scr,AST,ALT,SOD, GSH-PX and MDA were analyzed.Results (1)Given 160rag DMSA in 24 hours,gastrointestinal symptoms were main side effects.During the observation,experiment group lost weight due to the decrease of food-intake ,and some mice had slight hydroabdomen.(2)High dose of DMSA caused a significant inhibition of GSH-PX(P0.05).The hepatic cell was damaged accord- ing to the significant raise of MDA in liver(P0.05),which was related to acute toxicity on liver.Conclusion Succimer could inhibit the antioxidarrt systems and could do damage to liver and kidney.

Objective To investigate the effects of ultraviolet blood irradiation and oxygenation(UBIO)on oxygen free radical metabolism(OFRM)in rabbits with acute soman intoxication.Methods One hundred rabbits were randomly divided into five groups:a control group,a soman intoxication group(I),a soman intoxication plus routine therapy group(TR),a soman intoxication plus UBIO therapy group(UBIO)and a soman intoxication plus complex therapy group(CT).All the rabbits were intervened accordingly.Then the concentrations of malondiade- hyde(MDA)and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathionperoxidase(GSH Px)and catalase (CAT)in serum were determined at 14 d after various treatments.Results Compared with the control group,the concentration of MDA and the activity of CAT in the 1 group were significantly increased(P＜0.01),while the activi- ties of SOD and GSH Px were obviously decreased(P＜0.05).After UBIO or complex therapy,the serum level of MDA was significantly decreased in comparison with that in the I group(P＜0.01),while the concentrations of SOD, GSH Px and CAT were enhanced(P＜0.05).Conclusion UBIO therapy can improve antioxidation activity against the injury caused by free radicals and could be used to treat acute soman intoxication,which causes injury from in- creased oxygen free radical concentrations.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the 23-year experience of laparoscopic biliary surgery in General Hospital of PLA and evaluate the application of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of biliary diseases.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 11 419 consecutive patients with biliary diseases undergoing laparoscopic surgery from April, 1992 and December, 2014. The disease spectrum was compared between patients treated before December 31, 2003 and those treated after the time point.

RESULTSThe 11419 patients receiving laparoscopic surgery accounted for 56.3% of the total patients undergoing biliary surgeries during the 23 years, including 4701 male and 6718 female patients with a mean age of 50.9∓13.2 years (6-93 years). Most (80.83%) of the patients received laparoscopic surgery for gallbladder stones, and 12.53% patients had the operation for gallbladder polyps. The laparoscopic operation rate was 84.81% in patients with gallbladder stones and 34.91% in patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones, but remained low in patients with biliary carcinoma. In laparoscopic operations, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was the most frequent (96.18%) followed by operations for extrahepatic bile duct stones, in which primary suture accounted for 1.38%, traditional T tube drainage for 0.90% and laparoscopic transcystic duct exploration for 0.72%. For malignant tumors, laparoscopic technique was used mainly for the purpose of exploration (0.34%). The application of laparoscopic technique in biliary surgery tended to increase after the year 2004, especially for benign gallbladder diseases and extrahepatic bile duct stones (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONLaparoscopic technique in biliary surgery is gradually replacing the traditional open operation and becomes the gold standard for the treatment of benign biliary diseases.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; surgery ; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Child ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Drainage ; Female ; Gallbladder Diseases ; surgery ; Gallstones ; surgery ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; trends ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the genetic phenotypes of Nantong Han population and evaluate the application value of 17 Y-STR loci in Nantong population.Methods The peripheral blood samples were collected from 343 unrelated Nantong Han males and the genomic DNA were extracted by Chelex-100 method.Genotyping was performed using the AmpF(l)STR YfilerTM Kit.The results were compared with other 12 Han populations,including Anhui,Jiangsu,Jiangxi,Shandong,Shanghai,Zhejiang (1),Lanzhou,Nanyang,Luzhou,Mudanjiang,Shanxi and Zhejiang (2),and 9 minority populations (Mongol,Xibe,Tibetan in Lhasa,Tibetan in Qinghai,Kazak,Uighur,Manchu,Paiwan in Taiwan and Tujia).Results A total of 327 different haplotypes were found in 17 Y-STR loci in Nantong Han population.The haplotype diversity (HD) was 0.999 7.The R,value between Nantong Han and other Chinese populations ranged from-0.000 6 to 0.263 5.The multidimensional scaling results showed that Nantong Han population had no significant differences between most of the Han populations,but had significant differences between most of Chinese minority populations.Conclusion Seventeen Y-STR loci can be a powerful tool for forensic application because of its high polymorphism in Nantong Han population.

OBJECTIVETo determine the physiological role of D-bifunctional protein (DBP) in bile acid biosynthesis through investigating the effect of increasing activity of DBP on bile acid biosynthesis.

METHODSTwenty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) group (n = 10) and control group (n = 10). Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, hepatic DBP activity, and fecal bile acids were assayed. The mRNA levels of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), DBP, and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) were detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with control group, serum triglyceride level was decreased significantly and PPARalphamRNA level was increased significantly in DEHP group (P < 0.01). Together with a sharp induction of DBP mRNA expression and DBP activity in DEHP group (P < 0.01), the levels of CYP7A1 mRNA and fecal bile acids were significantly increased by 1.9 times and 1.6 times respectively compared to control group (P < 0.01). There was a significantly positive correlation between DBP mRNA level or DBP activity and CYP7A1 mRNA level (r = 0.89, P < 0.01; r = 0.95, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe up-regulation of DBP mRNA and activity in liver can result in the increase in CYP7A1 mRNA expression and bile acid biosynthesis, suggesting that DBP may be involved in bile acid biosynthesis together with CYP7A1.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts ; biosynthesis ; Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase ; analysis ; Enoyl-CoA Hydratase ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Multienzyme Complexes ; metabolism ; PPAR alpha ; analysis ; Peroxisomal Multifunctional Protein-2 ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar