OBJECTIVETo study the effect of soy isoflavones (SI) on ATP binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) expression in rats without ovary with atherosclerosis.

METHODSAfter they were raised for a week by given basic feed, the ovaries of 50 12-week old SPF rats were removed. The rats were randomly divided into groups by weight. Ten rats were selected as the basic control group (A) that basic feed was given all through the research. The other 40 rats were given high-fat diets and at the end of 4 weeks, these rats were randomly divided into four groups by blood lipid level: atherosclerotic model group (B) that was given high-fat diets through the research, low isoflavones group (C) that was given high-fat diets plus 30 mg/kg SI, middle isoflavones group (D) that was given high-fat diets plus 90 mg/kg SI, and high isoflavones group (E) that was given high-fat diets plus 270 mg/kg SI. After 22 weeks, all rats were executed to measure morphological change on the aorta wall, assessing the ABCA1 gene expression in aorta wall by real-time PCR and protein expression by Western blotting in aorta wall, small intestine and liver.

RESULTSSerum lipid level of A, B, C, D, E groups: TC levels were (6.82 +/- 0.22), (15.73 +/- 1.51), (10.77 +/- 1.12), (9.95 +/- 1.18), (9.11 +/- 1.12) mmol/L respectively (F = 72.882, P < 0.01); TG levels were: (2.49 +/- 0.24), (0.78 +/- 0.13), (0.39 +/- 0.08), (0.29 +/- 0.09), (0.24 +/- 0.09) mmol/L respectively (F = 378.515, P < 0.01); LDL-C levels were (1.29 +/- 0.08), (14.76 +/- 1.23), (8.18 +/- 0.80), (7.85 +/- 0.72), (7.16 +/- 0.64)mmol/L respectively (F = 320.936, P < 0.01); HDL-C levels were (1.94 +/- 0.18), (1.04 +/- 0.10), (1.55 +/- 0.14), (1.88 +/- 0.17), (2.11 +/- 0.22) mmol/L respectively (F = 49.450, P < 0.01). ABCA1 protein expression in intestine, liver and aorta: for A, B, C, E groups in intestine were 96.577 +/- 9.743, 5.218 +/- 2.048, 18.060 +/- 5.179, 54.725 +/- 8.960, respectively (F = 172.272, P < 0.01); ABCA1 protein expression in liver of groups of A, B, C, E were: 13.657 +/- 2.397, 1.361 +/- 0.266, 7.069 +/- 2.264, 11.793 +/- 2.515 respectively (F = 37.383, P < 0.01); ABCA1 protein expression in aorta of groups A, B, C, E were: 6.756 +/- 1.310, 0.027 +/- 0.006, 0.035 +/- 0.002 and 7.479 +/- 1.520 respectively (F = 91.999, P < 0.01). Compared to basic control group, atherosclerotic plaque could be observed in atherosclerotic model group, and it could be partially reversed by isoflavones addition.

CONCLUSIONSoy isoflavones treatment might inhibit atherosclerotic progression by lowering the level of blood lipid and increasing ABCA1 expression.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Lipids ; blood ; Ovariectomy ; Ovary ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Soybeans ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the therapeutic method of metabolic acidosis in long-term sur- vival patients undergoing simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation.Methods A 45-year-old fe- male patient,who had undergone simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation(due to diabetic ne- phropathy and uremia)with bladder drainage 2 years before,developed severe metabolic acidosis,and thus underwent surgical conversion from bladder to ileal drainage.The procedure was as follows.The stoma of duo- denocystostomy was isolated and resected.The site of cystostomy was closed in two layers.The graft duode- num was then anastomosed to a loop of the recipient's ileum,which was proximal 40 cm from the ileocecum in a side-to-side manner.Results The metabolic acidosis resolved postoperatively.The patient received conventional immunosuppressants.The hospital stay was 30d.Follow-up of 4 years showed normal pancreas and kidney functions.Conclusions Conversion from bladder to ileal drainage is safe and effective for metabolic acidosis related to the exocrine secretions of bladder drained pancreas graft in simultaneous pancre- as and kidney transplant recipients.

OBJECTIVETo study the apoptosis inducing effects of bufalin on various human osteosarcoma cells and the concerning molecular mechanisms.

METHODMTT assay was used to detect the growth inhibition rates of osteosarcoma cells U-20S, U-20S/MTX300, SaOS-2, IOR/OS9 treated with bufalin in different concentrations and times. The apoptosis of cells was observed flow cytometry 48 h following bufalin treatment. The proteomic techniques were used to separate and compare the treated and control groups 48 h after bufalin-incubation. Then, the proteomic results were validated by western blot.

RESULTBufalin inhibited the growth of human osteosarcoma cells U20S, U20S/MTX300 (methotrexate resistant cells), SAOS2, IOR/OS9 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The 72 h IC50 were (37.43 +/- 4.1), (32.24 +/- 5.3) nmol x L(-1) in U20S,U20S/MTX300 cells,respectivly. Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis cells were increased following bufalin treatment. The protein expression profile showed 24 differentiated expression proteins. Among these proteins, the level of an anti-apoptotic protein, heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) decreased significantly and the result was then validated by western blot. Ectopic expression of Hsp27 could reduce the bufalin-induced apoptosis remarkably in U20S and U20S/MTX300 cells.

CONCLUSIONBufalin could inhibit the cell growth and induce apoptosis on human osteosarcoma cells. The effect of bufalin may be related to the joint intervention with multiple protein targets. Among them, downregulation of Hsp27 plays a critical role in the bufalin-induced apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bufanolides ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Osteosarcoma ; pathology ; Proteomics

ObjectiveTo investigate the immunity and seroprevalence of hepatitis A and to identify the risk factors of hepatitis A infection in 0-18 year-old children and adolescents in Shanghai.MethodsSubjects were enrolled by stratifying and clustering random sampling method.Questionnaire interview was applied to investigate the socio-demographic and behavioral factors related to hepatitis A virus (HAV),and information on HAV immunization was abstracted from the immunization registration book of each subject.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to qualitatively detect HAV IgM and quantitatively measure total HAV antibody in all subjects.Risk factors associated with HAV among the subjects without HAV vaccination were analyzed.ResultsA total of 2431 subjects were enrolled in the present study with negative HAV IgM antibody and total HAV antibody in 1483 subjects were sero-positive with positivity rate of 61％.Total HAV antibody positivity rates were declined with age increasing and were significantly higher in subjects with HAV vaccination than those without HAV vaccination records.Salad food,eating together without food separation in school and endoscopy inspection were risk factors for HAV infection.ConclusionsHAV vaccination strategies remarkably improve the total HAV antibody seropositive rate in children and adolescents in Shanghai.The risk of HAV infection exists if HAV vaccination is not administrated comprehensively.Therefore,strengthening HAV vaccination and health education are important for children and adolescents to prevent and control of hepatitis A in Shanghai.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,safety and clinical value of CT-guided localization with a Hook-wire system for nodular pulmonary lesions before video-assisted thoracoscopic resection (VATS). Methods The records of all patients undergoing VATS resection for solitary pulmonary nodules preoperatively localized by CT-guided a Hook-wire system were assessed with respect to failure to localize the lesion by the Hook-wire system, conversion thoracotomy rate, duration of operation, postoperative complications, and histology of nodular pulmonary lesions. Results Sixty-eight patients with seventy four nodules underwent VATS resections. Preoperative CT-guided Hook-wire localization succeeded in all patients ( 100. 0% ). Conversion thoracotomy was necessary in 2 patients. The average operative time was ( 15 ±6)min. Asymptomatic complication rate was 70.6% (48/68), asymptomatic pneumothorax rate, asymptomatic hemorrhage rate and simultaneous pneumothorax and bleeding rate were 45.6% (31/68),25.0% ( 17/68 ) and 4. 4% ( 3/68 ), respectively. The mean hospitalization was ( 15 ± 6 ) days.Histological assessment revealed primary lung cancer (NSCLC) in 30, metastasis in 18, and nonmalignant disease in 26 nodules. Conclusions Video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of nodular pulmonary lesions previously localized by a CT-guided Hook-wire system is related to a low conversion thoracotomy rate, short operation time, and high safety. It for differential diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To explore the composition and distribution of metal and metalloids in fine particulate metter in a certain area of Shanghai through four consecutive years of dynamic monitoring. Methods The sampling point was on the roof of a community health service center in Shanghai, with a height of 12.5 meters.In the four winters of 2014-2017 from Dec. to Feb. next year, samples were continuously collected for 7 days(from 10^th to 16^th) a month and 22 hours for each day.Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for the determination of metals and metalloids in collected samples. Results The pairwise comparisons between the total metals, Al, Be, Cr, Hg, Pb, Mn, Ni, Se and Tl in any two years were statistically different through the rank sum test.In the Cochran-Armitage trend test, Al showed an upward trend in the whole periods, while Cr, Pb and Ni was on a downward trend.In factor analysis, factor 1 in each year had relatively stable component elements (As, Cd, Pb, Mn, Se), while the internal components of the remaining factors were relatively unstable. Conclusions There may be relatively stable sources of pollution locally.Al, Cr, Pb and Ni have a significant tendency to increase or decrease.

The human oral microbiome harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities in the human body,playing critical roles in oral and systemic health.Recent technological innovations are propelling the characterization and manipulation of oral microbiota.High-throughput sequencing enables comprehensive taxonomic and functional profiling of oral microbiomes.New long-read platforms improve genome assembly from complex samples.Single-cell genomics provides insights into uncultured taxa.Advanced imaging modalities including fluorescence,mass spectrometry,and Raman spectroscopy have enabled the visualization of the spatial organization and interactions of oral microbes with increasing resolution.Fluorescence techniques link phylogenetic identity with localization.Mass spectrometry imaging reveals metabolic niches and activities while Raman spectroscopy generates rapid biomolecular fingerprints for classification.Culturomics facilitates the isolation and cultivation of novel fastidious oral taxa using high-throughput approaches.Ongoing integration of these technologies holds the promise of transforming our understanding of oral microbiome assembly,gene expression,metabolites,microenvironments,virulence mechanisms,and microbe-host interfaces in the context of health and disease.However,significant knowledge gaps persist regarding community origins,developmental trajectories,homeostasis versus dysbiosis triggers,functional biomarkers,and strategies to deliberately reshape the oral microbiome for therapeutic benefit.The convergence of sequencing,imaging,cultureomics,synthetic systems,and biomimetic models will provide unprecedented insights into the oral microbiome and offer opportunities to predict,prevent,diagnose,and treat associated oral diseases.

The human oral microbiome harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities in the human body,playing critical roles in oral and systemic health.Recent technological innovations are propelling the characterization and manipulation of oral microbiota.High-throughput sequencing enables comprehensive taxonomic and functional profiling of oral microbiomes.New long-read platforms improve genome assembly from complex samples.Single-cell genomics provides insights into uncultured taxa.Advanced imaging modalities including fluorescence,mass spectrometry,and Raman spectroscopy have enabled the visualization of the spatial organization and interactions of oral microbes with increasing resolution.Fluorescence techniques link phylogenetic identity with localization.Mass spectrometry imaging reveals metabolic niches and activities while Raman spectroscopy generates rapid biomolecular fingerprints for classification.Culturomics facilitates the isolation and cultivation of novel fastidious oral taxa using high-throughput approaches.Ongoing integration of these technologies holds the promise of transforming our understanding of oral microbiome assembly,gene expression,metabolites,microenvironments,virulence mechanisms,and microbe-host interfaces in the context of health and disease.However,significant knowledge gaps persist regarding community origins,developmental trajectories,homeostasis versus dysbiosis triggers,functional biomarkers,and strategies to deliberately reshape the oral microbiome for therapeutic benefit.The convergence of sequencing,imaging,cultureomics,synthetic systems,and biomimetic models will provide unprecedented insights into the oral microbiome and offer opportunities to predict,prevent,diagnose,and treat associated oral diseases.

The human oral microbiome harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities in the human body,playing critical roles in oral and systemic health.Recent technological innovations are propelling the characterization and manipulation of oral microbiota.High-throughput sequencing enables comprehensive taxonomic and functional profiling of oral microbiomes.New long-read platforms improve genome assembly from complex samples.Single-cell genomics provides insights into uncultured taxa.Advanced imaging modalities including fluorescence,mass spectrometry,and Raman spectroscopy have enabled the visualization of the spatial organization and interactions of oral microbes with increasing resolution.Fluorescence techniques link phylogenetic identity with localization.Mass spectrometry imaging reveals metabolic niches and activities while Raman spectroscopy generates rapid biomolecular fingerprints for classification.Culturomics facilitates the isolation and cultivation of novel fastidious oral taxa using high-throughput approaches.Ongoing integration of these technologies holds the promise of transforming our understanding of oral microbiome assembly,gene expression,metabolites,microenvironments,virulence mechanisms,and microbe-host interfaces in the context of health and disease.However,significant knowledge gaps persist regarding community origins,developmental trajectories,homeostasis versus dysbiosis triggers,functional biomarkers,and strategies to deliberately reshape the oral microbiome for therapeutic benefit.The convergence of sequencing,imaging,cultureomics,synthetic systems,and biomimetic models will provide unprecedented insights into the oral microbiome and offer opportunities to predict,prevent,diagnose,and treat associated oral diseases.

The human oral microbiome harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities in the human body,playing critical roles in oral and systemic health.Recent technological innovations are propelling the characterization and manipulation of oral microbiota.High-throughput sequencing enables comprehensive taxonomic and functional profiling of oral microbiomes.New long-read platforms improve genome assembly from complex samples.Single-cell genomics provides insights into uncultured taxa.Advanced imaging modalities including fluorescence,mass spectrometry,and Raman spectroscopy have enabled the visualization of the spatial organization and interactions of oral microbes with increasing resolution.Fluorescence techniques link phylogenetic identity with localization.Mass spectrometry imaging reveals metabolic niches and activities while Raman spectroscopy generates rapid biomolecular fingerprints for classification.Culturomics facilitates the isolation and cultivation of novel fastidious oral taxa using high-throughput approaches.Ongoing integration of these technologies holds the promise of transforming our understanding of oral microbiome assembly,gene expression,metabolites,microenvironments,virulence mechanisms,and microbe-host interfaces in the context of health and disease.However,significant knowledge gaps persist regarding community origins,developmental trajectories,homeostasis versus dysbiosis triggers,functional biomarkers,and strategies to deliberately reshape the oral microbiome for therapeutic benefit.The convergence of sequencing,imaging,cultureomics,synthetic systems,and biomimetic models will provide unprecedented insights into the oral microbiome and offer opportunities to predict,prevent,diagnose,and treat associated oral diseases.