OBJECTIVE To understand the relationship between the detection rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Children′s Hospital wards from Jan 2008 to Sep 2008 and disinfection and isolation in the department and investigate the change in antimierobial resistance of P.aeruginosa to provide basis for reasonable use of antibiotics in clinical practice.METHODS The clinically isolated P.aeruginosa strains were collected,cultured and identified by paper diffusing method.The results were evaluated according to the relevant documents of NCCLS of USA.RESULTS The resistant rates of P.aeruginosa to Ampicillin,Ampicillin/Sulbactam,ceftriaxone,cefazolin and SMI were higher than 98%.Their resistant rate to Levofloxacin and IMP was the lowest(about 2% or so).CONCLUSIONS Effective disinfection and isolation of P.aeruginosa should be performed.Selection of antimicrobial drugs should be according to the results of drug susceptibility,reduce the rate of bacterial resistance.

? AIM: To investigate health - related quality of life ( HRQOL ) state in children with intermittent exotropia using the Intermittent Exotropia Questionnaire ( IXTQ ) and research the effect of strabismus surgeries on HRQOL.?METHODS: In this prospective study, we chose 42 patients with intermittent exotropia ( aged 5-17 years) as case group, and 42 patients ( aged 5-17 years) as control group. The Chinese IXTQ was used to evaluate HRQOL at 1d preoperatively and 3mo postoperatively in the two groups, and the differences of the two groups before and after surgery and the effect of strabismus surgery on HRQOL were analyzed.?RESULTS:The scores of HRQOL in control group were statistically significant higher than that of case group ( P<0. 01 ). Every items showed a statistically significant difference except on “Kids tease me because of my eyes”and “ My eyes make it hard for me to make friends” ( P<0.05). At 3mo postoperatively ,the scores of HRQOL in case group significantly increased than that at 1d preoperatively(P<0. 01). Child IXTQ of case group was lower on every items than those of control group after surgery(P<0. 05).?CONCLUSION:Intermittent exotropia could affect the HRQOL in psychosocial and visual functional. The greatest HRQOL concerns for children with intermittent exotropia were shutting one eye when sunny, waiting for their eyes to clear up instead of taunts and friendship. The surgical treatment could improve HRQOL in children with intermittent exotropia.

Objective To analyse the distribution characteristics of major allergens initiating allergic diseases in children from rural Shanghai. Methods Eight hundred children with allergic diseases from rural Shanghai (rural ease group), 450 children with allergic diseases from urban Shanghai (urban ease group) and 100 healthy children from rural Shanghai (rural normal control group) underwent skin prick tests (SPT), and children of rural case group were subdivided into infant group, preschool age group and school age group according to age. The positive rates of allergens and SPT were compared among groups. Results The positive rate of SPT of rural case group was significantly higher than that of rural normal control group (73.38% vs 26.00%, P<0.05), and was significantly lower than that of urban ease group (73.38% vs 80.22%, P<0.05). Dermatophagoidesfarinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were the major allergens in rural ease group, with the positive rates of 57.88% and 59.13%, respectively. Except weed and rubber, there were significant differences in positive rates of the other allergens between rural ease group and the other two groups(P<0.05). There were significant differences in positive rates of SPT among different age groups of rural children with allergic diseases (P<0.05). Conclusion Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus are the major allergens in children with allergic diseases from rural Shanghai, whose positive rates of SPT are lower than those of children with allergic diseases from urban Shanghai. The positive rate of SPT is related to age to some extent.

Objective To explore the correlation between menarche age and metabolisyndrome (MS) in natural menopause women .MethodThree thousand two hundred and founatural menopausal women aged 45-64 yearold were selected from 7 ad-ministrative villagein Taixing areand performed the questionnaire investigation ,physical measurementand biochemical test. The respondentwere divided into differengroupof lesthan 14 yearold ,15-16 yearold and more than 17 yearold according to the menarche age .The Mdiagnostistandard by the International DiabeteFederation (IDF ,2005) and the modified diagnostistandard based on the Asian by the third treatmenreporof the national cholesterol education program adultreatmengroup (NCEP ATPⅢ ,2005) were adopted and the Logistiregression analysiwaused foanalyzing the correlation between menarche age and M.ResultThe Mcrude prevalence rate in thigroup wa35 .39% (IDF ,2005) and 20 .57% (NCEP ATP Ⅲ ,2005);the Logistiregression analysishowed thathe conclusion by the two kindof Mdiagnostistandard waconsisten,I .e .earliemenarche age (lesthan 14 yearold) increased the Moccurrence[aftemultivariable adjusting OR=1 .41(1 .10-1 .82) and 1 .55 (1 .16-2 .08)] ,in addition ,earliemenarche age also significantly increased the central obesity risk in women ,while latemenarche age (＞16 yearold) had no correlation with M.Conclusion The earliemenarche age irisk factoof M.So the health publici-ty and education ,prevention and control on the menopausal women with earliemenarche age should be strengthened .

Objective To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome ( MS) in women who had gone through natural menopause, and to provide basic data for developing effective prevention and intervention of metabolic syndrome in Taixing area Jiangsu province. Methods A cluster sample of natural postmenopausal women aged 45 to 64 years were sampled and assessed by questionnaires, physical measurements, and biochemical tests; and analyzed according to the International Diabetes Federation ( IDF, 2005) diagnostic criteria for MS. Results The crude prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 35. 25% and the standardized prevalence rate was 31. 47% after age being adjusted. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was increased with age ( P < 0. 01). The constituent ratio of the combinations of 3, 4, and 5 components in MS was 21. 45% , 10. 73% , and 3. 07% , respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among older women after menopause is high and increasing with aging. Public education should be strengthened to improve the quality of life in postmenopausal women and prevention and intervention should be adopted earlier as well.

Objective To explore the risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants. Methods Clinical data of 211 cases of late preterm infants with hyperbilirubinemia and 246 cases of late preterm infants without hyperbilirubinemia were retro-spectively analyzed between 2011 and 2012. The risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia were filtered. Results Twenty-seven cases of late premature infants with hyperbilirubinemia were severe. Hospital stay less than 3 days, birth asphyxia history, small for gestatio-nal age, head hematoma, delivery injury, hypoalbuminemia, polycythemia, infection, hemolytic disease, feeding intolerance, and fe-tal excretion delay were associated with hyperbilirubinemia (P<0.05). Rural origin, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and premature rupture of membrane were also associated with hyperbilirubinemia (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the history of birth asphyxia , fetal excretion delay, hypoalbuminemia, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome were risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants (OR=2.35-4.05). Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and hemolytic dis-ease were risk factors of severe hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants (OR=5.74, 73.64). Conclusions Neonatal asphyxia, fetal excretion delay, hypoalbuminemia and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome are risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia in late pre-term infants. Strengthening the management of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and the treatment of newborn hemolytic disease can reduce the occurrence of severe hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants.

OBJECTIVETo analyze medication laws of Chinese medicine (CM) treatment in hypertension patients with yin deficiency yang hyperactivity syndrome.

METHODSChina National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI, Jan. 1979-Dec 2014), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP, Jan 1989-Dec2014), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM, Jan.1978-Dec.2014), Wanfang Database (Jan 1990-Dec 2014) were retrieved by using "hypertension", "CM", "Chinese herbs", "syndrome" as keywords. Totally 149 literatures concerning CM treatment for hypertension patients with yin deficiency yanghyperactivity syndrome were included in this study. The herbs database was established by SPSS20.0,and correlation laws were analyzed by SAS9.3. With the Pajek3.1, results were presented visually withcomplex networks.

RESULTSThere were 149 literatures including 131 kinds of herbs with 1,598 frequencies. The conventional compatibility program of herbs for asthenic yin and predominant yang syndrome of hypertension were two toothed achyranthes root, tall gastrodia rhizome, Cassia obtusifolia L., eucommiabark, baikal skullcap root, and so on, about 29 kinds. Of them, core herbs were two toothed achyranthes root, tall gastrodia rhizome, Cassia obtusifolia L., poria, prepared rhizome of rehmannia, oriental water-plantain tuber, asiatic cornelian cherry fruit, Uncariae Rhynchophylla, common yam rhizome, the rootbark of the peony tree, and so on.

CONCLUSIONMedication laws of CM treatment in hypertension patientswith yin deficiency yang hyperactivity syndrome obtained by analysis of complex networks reflected thetherapeutics of nourishing yin to suppress yang, which could further provide reference for clinical studies.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypertension ; therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Yin Deficiency ; therapy ; Yin-Yang

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical outcomes rating scale for heart failure (HF) based on patients' report.

METHODSTCM clinical outcomes rating scale for HF (TCM-HF-PRO) were evaluated based on 340 HF patients' report from multiple centers. The completion of the investigation was recorded. Cronbach's α coefficient and split-half reliability were used for reliability analysis, and factor analysis was used to assess the construct validity of the rating scale. Pearson correlation analysis was then used for criterion validity analysis. Discriminant analysis was used to assess the responsiveness of the scale. All 340 HF patients having complete TCM-HF-PRO data were assigned to the treatment group and the control group by central randomization. The total TCM-HF-PRO scores of the two groups were compared using paired t-test to reflect the longitude responsiveness of the scale before treatment and at week 2 after treatment.

RESULTS(1) The recycling rate of the scale was 100.0%. One of them was not filled completely, which was rejected thereby. So the completion rate was 99.7%. The completion time for TCM-HF-PRO scale ranged 15 to 25 min. (2) The Cronbach's α coefficient of rating scale was 0.903, split-half reliability was 0.844 and 0.849. (3) Confirmatory factor analysis showed that 7 factors and items formed according to maximum load factor basically coincided with the construct of the rating scale, 7 factors accumulated contribution rate was 43.8%. TCM clinical outcomes rating scale for HF based on patients' report was relatively better correlated with the Minnesota living with HF questionnaire (r = 0.726, P < 0.01). (4) Discriminant analysis showed that the rating scale correctly classified more than 78.8% of case studies having confirmed initial differential diagnosis by experts. The total scale of the rating scale decreased more in the two group after treatment, with significant difference as compared with before treatment (P < 0.01.

CONCLUSIONTCM clinical outcomes rating scale for HF based on patients' report had good reliability, validity and responsiveness, hence it could be used to assess clinical efficacy for HF patients.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Discriminant Analysis ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Heart Failure ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires

In this study, the general bacterial probe and specific cellulolytic bacterial probes were used to quantify the bacteria in rumen. The total RNA were extracted and then hybridized with general bacterial probe after a dilution of concentration. The result showed that there was a high correlation between the hybridization signal and the dilution of total bacterial RNA. Based on the result above, the quantities of three cellulolytic bacteria in rumen sample were detected. The comparative RNA percentage of three cellulolytic bacteria to total bacterial RNA were similar to the previous reports. It can be concluded that the quantification of bacteria in rumen could be conducted by this approach, and which could be used in future research.

OBJECTIVE To detect the expression of the Glucocorticoid receptor-?(GR-?)mRNA in nasal polyp and normal nasal mucosa and investigate the route of nasal drug administration in patients of nasal polyp. METHODS The expression of GR-?mRNA in 101 samples of nasal polyps and 31samples of normal nasal mucosa was examined by using Fluorescent quantitative PCR .RESULTS The level of GR-?mRNA in normal nasal mucosa(135.4? 5.25)?104 copy /?g were significantly higher than that in nasal polyps(23.5?12.1)?104 copy/?g . CONCLUSION Because of the low expression of GR-?mRNA in nasal polyps,the route of nasal drug administration in patients with nasal polyps may be in the part of normal mucosa,not in the mucosa of nasal polyps of the nasal cavity.