Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA-548ah (miR-548ah) and microRNA-4804 (miR-4804) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and their clinical significance.Methods PBMCs were collected from 29 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB),30 hepatitis B virus carriers (HBVC),26 inactive HBsAg carriers (IASC) and 28 healthy controls in Taizhou People's Hospital during September 2012 and August 2013.Expressions of miR-548ah and miR-4804 in PBMCs were detected by fluorescence real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the expression of miR-548ah and miR-4804 in distinguishing immune tolerance phase and clearance phase of HBV infection.Pearson correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlations of miRNAs expression with clinical markers alanine aminotrans ferase (ALT) and HBV DNA loads.Results There were significant differences in expressions of miR-548ah and miR-4804 in PBMCs between CHB,HBVC,IASC groups and control group (F =28.16 and 83.17,P ＜ 0.01).Compared with control group,miR-548ah was up-regulated in CHB group(P ＜ 0.01),and down-regulated in HBVC and IASC groups (P ＜ 0.01) ; miR-4804 was up-regulated in CHB group (P ＜ 0.01),down-regulated in HBVC group (P ＜ 0.01),while there was no significant difference between IASC group and control group in miR-4804 expressions(P ＞ 0.05).The areas under ROC curve (AUCs) of miR-548ah and miR4804 in differentiation of immune tolerance and immune clearance were 0.966 and 0.997,and the sensitivities and specificities were 89.7％,96.6％ and 99.6％,100.0％,respectively.No significant correlation was found between the expression of miR-548ah,miR-4804 and ALT,HBV DNA loads (r=0.14,0.18,-0.20 and-0.19,P＞0.05).Conclusion miR-548ah and miR-4804 may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of CHB,and their expression levels in PBMCs are helpful in differentiation of immune tolerance and immune clearance in HBV infection.

Background The integration of segregated pathways from the two eyes first appears in V1 neurons,where it not only plays a critical role in the generation of a three-dimensional visual representation.Abnormal visual experiences in critical period usually lead to amblyopia and binocular integration defects.Objective Present study was to investigate how neurons of kitten coordinate their activity patterns in response to synchronous dichoptic stimulus inputs in striate cortex.Methods Spike rate and local field potential(LFP) gamma band(20-90Hz) power of three kitten(1-1.2Kg,8-10 weeks old) to monocular and synchronous dichoptic presented gratings were assessed for 28 binocular neurons in V1 of kitten by in vivo extracellular record method under anaesthesia and paralysis.Ocular dominance index(ODI) and binocular integration index(BII) were assessed and the correlation between these two indexes were analyzed.Results In 28 cells with binocular characteristic,the absolute value of spike-ODI was significant larger than that of LFP-ODI(t=2.606,P=0.021).A positive linear correlation between the ocular preferences of spike and LFP was found(R2=0.513,F=27.423,P=0.003).In dichotic trails,binocular facilitation with BII for spike was 2.348±0.996,showing a significant reduce in comparison with BII for LFP(3.678±1.974)(t=2.671,P=0.019).Binocular integration index for two signals were greater when monocular responses of both eyes were similar(P=0.035 and P=0.124,respectively).Conclusion Both spike rate and gamma band power of LFP exhibited binocular facilitation to synchronous presented dichotic stimuli with significant facilitation induced by balanced monocular responses.Spiking activity and LFP reflect neural activities of different spatial scales and source components.

OBJECTIVETo explore the potential effect of Guizhi plus Gegen Decoction (GGD) in improving learning and memory of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced neuroinflammatory mice and its possible mechanisms.

METHODSTotally 63 male ICR mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the normal control (n = 13), the model group (n = 13), the low dose GGD group (n = 10), the high dose GGD group (n = 14), and the positive control group (n = 13). Mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (0.33 mg/kg) to induce Alzheimer's disease (AD) model. Mice in the high and the low dose GGD groups were administered with 12 g/kg or 6 g/kg by gastrogavage for 4 successive weeks. Mice in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with minocycline (50 mg/kg) for 3 days. By the end of treatment LPS were injected 4 h before behavior test each day, and then behavior test was conducted in mice of each group. Effect of GGD on learning and memory of AD mice was observed by using open field test, novel object recognition task, and Morris water maze.

RESULTSOpen field test showed there was no statistical difference in the movement time and the movement distance among all groups (P > 0.05), suggesting that LPS and GGD had no effect on locomotor activities of mice. In novel object recognition test, AD mice spent significantly shorter time to explore novel object after they were induced by LPS (P < 0.05), while for AD mice in the low and high dose GGD groups, their capacities for exploration and memory were significantly improved (P < 0. 05, P < 0.01). Results of Morris water maze showed that AD mice exhibited increased escape latency (P < 0.05) and spent much less time in swimming across the original platform (both P < 0.05). However, AD mice in the low and high dose GGD groups had obvious shortened latency and increased time percentage for swimming (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONGGD possessed certain improvement in learning and memory disorder of LPS induced AD mice.

Alzheimer Disease ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Lipopolysaccharides ; adverse effects ; Male ; Memory Disorders ; prevention & control ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Neuritis ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Phytotherapy

The clinical thinking modes of "integrative disease and Syndrome" and "integrative macroscopical Syndrome-differentiation and microscopical Syndrome-differentiation" formed in the past half century were merely the primary train of thought and methodology of integrative traditional Chinese and Western medicine. In order to develop them to a higher level, stress should be put on the unity and holism of disordered organism and unity of function, structure and metabolism. It has long been ignored that a parallel and correlated relationship exists between the TCM Syndrome and pathological process of Western medicine, which is a common, set-formed and regular pathophysiological changes with certain development phase, presented in various diseases. Both have common features as that the same pathological process can be seen in different diseases and several pathological progresses can present in one disease, the same Syndrome also can be seen in different diseases and several Syndromes can present in a disease. Moreover, they have the compatible connotation and denotation. The author deduced that pathophysiological basis of main Syndrome is indeed the basic pathological process. Essence of Syndrome is the related pathological processes including abnormal changes in function, metabolism and morphological structure.
Biomedical Research ; methods ; Clinical Medicine ; methods ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Holistic Health ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pathology, Clinical ; methods

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between Parkinson disease (PD) and intron rs12138592 A/G polymorphism of ubiquitin specific proteases (USP24) gene in Han population of the Western Guangdong province in China. Methods81 PD cases and 100 ethnically matched controls were investigated USP24 gene rs12138592 A/G polymorphism with polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). ResultsThe incidence of GG genotype was 77.8% in the cases and 62.0% in the controls (χ2=5.213,P=0.022), and the G allele was 88.3% in the cases, 79.5% in the controls (χ2=4.980，P=0.026). ConclusionThe G allele and GG genotype of USP24 gene rs12138592 A/G polymorphism can increase the risk of suffering from PD.

OBJECTIVETo explore the technique and clinical results of close reduction by manipulation and minimally invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis with intramedullary nail for the treatment of femur shaft fractures. methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze 96 patients with the femur shaft fractures who had been treated with close reduction by manipulation and minimally invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis with intramedullary nail. There were 67 males and 29 females. The average age of patients was 39 years old (ranging from 16 to 88). According to AO fracture classification for the femur shaft fractures,there were 29 cases of type A,46 type B,21 type C.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up and the duration ranged from 12 to 24 months (averaged, 15 months). All the fractures showed union. The time required for the bony union ranged from 3 to 10 months (averaged,4 months). The clinical results were evaluated by Thorsen classification system. At the latest follow-up, 87 patients obtained excellent results, 7 good, 2 fair.

CONCLUSIONThis treatment method combines advantages of intramedullary nail with close manipulative reduction, so can get satisfactory clinical results for the treatment of femoral shaft fracture with minimal trauma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Wound Closure Techniques ; Young Adult

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal disorder of hematopoiesis due to the inactivation of PIG-A gene. However, the presence of mutant PIG-A gene in a group of hematopoietic cells is not enough for the development of PNH, immunologic injury and apoptotic effects are considered to play an important role in clonal expansion. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms leading to PNH has substantially increased in the past decades, which remarkably advances the diagnostic modalities and treatment approaches of patients with PNH. Though great progress has been made because of targeted therapy method, the challenges are still ahead. In this review the advances of studies on mechanism, laboratorial diagnosis and therapeutic protocols of PNH are summarized.
Complement System Proteins ; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

The aim of this study was to clone human RHD gene and to investigate its expression in transduced K562 cells. Total RNA was extracted from reticulocyte of cord blood. RHD and RHCE genes were amplified using RT-PCR method. The amplified products were cloned into pGEM-T plasmid by TA ligation and several clones were screened by direct sequencing method in order to obtain the RHD gene. RHD gene was subcloned into pcDNA3.1(-) expression vector, then the recombined plasmids were transduced into K562 cells with superfect transfection reagent kit. Finally transcription and expression of RHD gene in K562 cells were detected. The result showed that RHD gene has been cloned sucessfully, the inserted sequence and direction of RHD cDNA in its recombined pcDNA3.1(-) vector were identified using enzyme cutting and sequencing method. After transduced with recombined pcDNA3.1(-) vector, K562 cells could transcribe RHD mRNA in its cytoplasm and express RhD antigen on its membrane surface. In conclusion, RhD antigen can expressed in K562 cells with RHD cDNA transduction, and the expression system in vitro may be helpful to further investigate the molecular basis of RhD variants.
Base Sequence ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical results of postoperative rehabilitation of patellar fracture by modified seated position of different knee flexion angles, thereby enrich the therapeutic tool of orthopaedics of traditional Chinese and western medicine and provide the evidences for refinement and modernization of traditional Chinese exercise therapy.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to June 2012,90 patients with patellar transverse fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation by tension band wire and rehabilitation exercises. There were 52 males and 38 females, aged from 21 to 77 years old with an average of 50.0 years old. Three methods of rehabilitation exercises were adopted in the patients after fractures clinical union. There were 21 males and 14 females in group A (trained by modified seated position of knee flexion about 60 degree), 21 males and 14 females in group B (trained by modified seated position of knee flexion about 30 degree), 10 males and 10 females in group C (trained by walk). The rehabilitation-training time was 1 month. Fracture healing informations were observed by X-ray films. The Böstman patellar fracture function scores were compared before and after training among three groups.

RESULTSPostoperative follow-up time was 6 months. All fractures obtained bone union and the average healing time was 3 months (ranged,2 to 4 months). Böstman patellar fracture function scores in group A, B, C before training were 18.89 ± 2.19, 18.74 ± 2.03, 18.85 ± 2.92, respectively; there was no significant differences in among three groups (P > 0.05). After training, Böstman patellar fracture function scores in group A, B, C were 29.40 ± 1.14, 26.09 ± 3.86, 25.70 ± 4.09, respectively; group A was highest than other two groups; and there was no significant differences between group A and group B.

CONCLUSIONModified seated position of knee flexion about 60 degree was practical and effective training in postoperative rehabilitation for the treatment of patellar fracture, it can obtain the better clinical results than other training method such as walk or modified seated position of knee flexion about 30 degree.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Bone ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patella ; injuries ; surgery

AIM: To evaluate the anatomic and visual outcomes of 25-gauge vitrectomies combined with air tamponade for the treatment of idiopathic macular hole (IMH).METHODS: Thirty eyes of 27 patients with IMH were included in this prospective interventional study.All patients underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with phacoemulsification and air tamponade.Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA, logMAR), perimetry and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) were conducted before and after the operation.Anatomical changes were evaluated with optical coherence tomography (OCT).RESULTS: The macular holes closed successfully in 28 eyes after the primary vitrectomy.The mean BCVA improved from 0.72±0.22 logMAR preoperatively to 0.29±0.18 logMAR postoperatively (P<0.001).In the visual field of central 10°, the average mean deviation (MD) decreased from-3.59±1.83 dB preoperatively to-2.51±1.36 dB postoperatively (P<0.001) and the average pattern standard deviation (PSD) decreased from 1.86±0.68 dB preoperatively to 1.33±0.32 dB postoperatively (P=0.001).The retinal response densities of mfERG in the foveal and perifoveal area increased significantly, and implicit times of rings 4-6 prolonged significantly (P<0.05).The symptom duration and baseline N1 amplitude densities at ring 1 had a significant impact on postoperative BCVA (P<0.001, P=0.001, respectively).CONCLUSION: The 25-gauge PPV and air tamponade with 1 day prone positioning produce favorable anatomic and functional outcomes.