Objective To establish and test the reliability and validity of the disease related psychological pressure scale of pregnant women with chronic HBV infection,so as to provide mental stress assessment tool for the pregnant women.Methods Item pool was developed after the interview and comprehensively retrieved literatures,then after expert review and rebuilt,the scale items were fixed.Totals of 368 pregnant women with chronic HBV infection disease were investigated and the reliability and validity of scale were test.Results The scale had 5 factors and 24 items,and the correlation coefficient between each factor score and total score was 0.712 - 0.894.The correlation coefficient among each factor was 0.409 - 0.631 which was significantly lower than that between each factor score and total score ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The cumulative contribution rate of 5 factors was 64.055％,and tes-retest reliability of 5 factors was 0.856,0.887,0.828,0.813.The Cronbach' s α of internal consistency of 5 factors was 0.788 - 0.865,and the Cronbach' s α of scale was 0.932.Conclusions The scale has good reliability and validity,and can be used for measuring the disease related pregnancy psychological pressure for chronic HBV infection pregnant women.

To develop an ophthalmic preparation of Shedan, an in situ forming gel was prepared with the formulation containing 18% of poloxamer 407 and 5% of poloxamer 188 by response surface designs plus central composite designs. The rheology results showed that LVE range gamma should limited within 0.5%, Shedan high-frequency region, and the thixotropy recovery time is less than 5 seconds. The phase transition temperature was 33.25 °C according to curve of storage modulus and loss modulus determined by temperature scanning. Surface tension and osmometer of it determined by surface tension meter and dew point osmometer were 36.43 mN · m(-1), and 320.6 mOsm · kg(-1), respectively. Fluorescein sodium was selected as the marker to monitor the corneal residence time, and the results showed that Shedan gel could prolong drug residence for 180 min. In line with zero-order kinetics, releases of muscone and salvianolic acid B in vitro depends on gels erosion. The results of rabbit ocular irritation experiments suggested that Shedan in situ forming gel was biocompatible and nonirritant. In conclusion, a novel Shedan in situ forming gel was developed and characterized for potential drug treatment of retinal vein occlusion.
Animals ; Benzofurans ; chemistry ; Cycloparaffins ; chemistry ; Female ; Gels ; chemistry ; Male ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Poloxamer ; chemistry ; Rabbits ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; drug therapy ; Viscosity

Objective To analyze the manifestation,reason,the processing method of the steel wire implantation with the sereotactic mammography to improve the accuracy of the preoperative positioning.Methods Seventy-nine cases which got the stereotactic steel wire implantation.In 96 lesions, 13 had steel wire displacement.Among them,5 cases got steel wire displacement during the sereotactic process,5 cases got steel wire displacement after the stereotactic process,2 cases got steel wire displacement during the operation,one case did not show the calcification on the postoperative radiography.Results The steel wire displacement occurred in 5 cases during the stereotactic process came from the patients and doctors respectively and the repositioning was needed.The steel wire displacement after the stereoscopic positioning was attributed to the overdose injection of local anesthesia,which led to the mismatch between the depth of Z axis of the mammary gland and the actual depth the computer given,the incorrect method for needle placement,and,neglecting whether the steel wire have got the lesion anchored when pulling out the needle set of steel wire hood,besides,these three kinds of instances above were all exaggerated by the accordion effect.For the displacement within 2 cm,the lesion can be excised toward the pathological change direction according to the position that steel wire prompted and re-place the second steel wire,putting the J-shaped steel wire into the needle hood and taking it out of the body.After repositioning,2 cases had the steel wire prolapse during operation,which resulted from the over-lifting of the steel wire.After placing the steel wire, the radiologist should give an accurate description on the depth and direction to the surgeon and the notch should be taken for incision from the steel wire head end which is proximate to skin.The postoperative specimen from one case had no calcification,which might be related to the condition that the calcification was located in the gland body,which got destruction from the surgical electrical electrotome.The excisionscope should be extended and the short term reexamination is recommended to make sure the complete excision of the calcification.Conclusion It is the gold standard method that implanting the steel wire with the stereotactic mammography to guide the surgical dissecting technique to diagnose non-palpable breast lesion(NPBL).Thorough understanding of the displacement manifestation of implanting steel wire with stereotactic technique and the treatment methods will be helpful in the surgical dissecting guidance.

Objective To study the CT and MR characteristic features of the respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma of olfactory clefts. Methods (1)The CT and MRI findings of 29 patients with histologically proved respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma in the olfactory clefts were retrospectively reviewed.All patients underwent CT and 8 of them underwent MRI. Location, CT and MRI features, and associated findings of the disease were reviewed;(2)The CT findings, olfactory clefts width, total nasal distance, and the ratio of OC to the total nasal distance of the case patients (29 cases) and the control patients (33 patients with sinusitis) were compared to investigate the correlation of the olfactory clefts distance and the incidence of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma in olfactory clefts. Results All patients were associated with sinusitis, and 23 had sinonasal polyps, 1 had papilloma. On nonenhanced CT, the OC lesions with the OC widening were isodense to gray matter in all cases, and the lesions caused the adjacent bony expansion and absorption rather than erosion; 15 cases were bilateral diseases and 14 were unilateral;The olfactory clefts width of the case patients and the control patients were (1.03±0.24) cm, (0.71± 0.17) cm, respectively. There was statistically significant difference (t=4.963, P<0.01) for the olfactory clefts width between the case patients and the control patients, and there was no significant difference (t=1.640, P>0.05) for the total nasal distance, and was significant difference(t=6.029,P<0.01)in the ratio of OC to the total nasal distance between the two groups. On T1WI, the disease appeared isointense in 6 patients and slightly hypointense in 2 patients compared with gray matter. On T2WI, the lesions revealed heterogeneous isointense in all patients. Regular cribriform pattern was found on MR T2WI and enhanced TlWI. Conclusions The unilateral or bilateral olfactory cleft opacification in chronic sinusitis patients with or without sinonasal polyposis, with involved OC widening and the adjacent bony walls compressed and remodeled may highly suggests the presence of REAH in the OC. The lesions showed inhomogeneous isointense signal on T2WI images, regular cribriform pattern enhancement are typical imaging feature of this entity.

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of the artificial nerve canal on irritating neuralgia after neurilemmoma resection.Methods Thirty patients diagnosed as neurilemmoma were divided into artificial nerve group and control group at randomly.There were 15 patients in each group.The nerves in artificial nerve group were enclosed using the artificial nerve besides neurilemmoma resection.The nerves in control group only had neurilemmoma resection.All patients were assessed with VAS for the degree of irritating neuralgia at 3 time points after operation.Calculate the incidence of irritating neuralgia and analyze the data using statistical methods.Results In control group,the VAS scores were 7.5,5.1,2.8,and the incidences of irritating neuralgia were 80％,67％,40％,respectively.In artificial nerve group,the VAS scores were 3.2,1.5,0,and the incidences of irritating neuralgia were 33％,13％,0.The VAS scores and the incidences of irritating neuralgia of two groups had significant difference by statistical analysis (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The artificial nerve canal can relieve the degree and decrease the incidence of irritating neuralgia after neurilemmoma resection,which is a useful method to prevent irritating neuralgia in clinic.

OBJECTIVETo find the best condition of the preparation technology of Flos Magnoliae essential oil-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex.

METHODL9(3(4)) table was used to examine the effects of 4 factors, and the inclusion rate of each test was determined of orthogonal test.

RESULTThe best condition was:oil:beta-cyclodextrin:water = 1:8:60 (mL:g:mL), stirring for 1 hour at 80 degrees C.

CONCLUSIONThe complex prepared on the condition aforementioned is stable and stirring has a highest inclusion rate.

Cyclodextrins ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Magnolia ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; beta-Cyclodextrins

OBJECTIVETo prepare tuizhang gel to cure cataract, the characteristics of Tuizhang gel on the drug-releasing in vitro were evaluated by compared with Tuizhang oculentum.

METHODThe emodin and chrysophanol in the releasing mediator were determined by HPLC, and the drug releasing characteristics of Tuizhang gel and Tuizhang oculentum were studied by bag filter method.

RESULTThe emodin and chrysophanol in Tuizhang gel released (98.3, 1.1)%, (95.8, 1.8)% within 24 hours, respectively, while those in tuizhang oculentum released (10.62, 0.7)%, (10.46, 0.4)%, respectively. The emodin and chrysophanol in Tuizhang gel released more quickly and completely than in Tuizhang oculentum, so Tuizhang gel has enhanced the bioavailability.

CONCLUSIONThe Tuizhang gel is characterized by slow-release to some degree, and it shows a promising future on ophthalmic drug delivery.

Acrylic Resins ; chemistry ; Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Emodin ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Gels ; Ointments ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVETo optimize the process of extracting effective constituents from lotus leaf.

METHODIndependent variables were ethanol concentration reflux time and solvent fold, dependent variables were extraction rates of nuciferine and flavone in lotus leaf, central composite design and response surface methodology were used for optimization of extraction of lotus leaf.

RESULTThe optimum conditions of extraction process were 75% -80% ethanol, 2-3 hours for reflux, 20-25 fold solvent and 2 times for extraction. Bias between observed and predicted of rates of nuciferine and flavone values were 5.53%, -6.02%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe values observed and predicted were close to each other, which proved that the optimization of of extraction of lotus leaf by central composite design and response surface methodology was reasonable and successful.

Aporphines ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavones ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Loteae ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results

Compared with traditional drying methods for Chinese materia medica, microwave drying technology is not only with the features of easy and convenient to operate, rapidity, good effects, well remained appearance of medicine and low energy consumption, but also with the feature of extraordinary sterilization effects at the same time with drying. This article introduced the features and effects of microwave drying and sterilization technology, reviewed its application in the TCM field, and proposed existing problems and prospects in the recent research by targeting security problems (microwave radiation and microwave residue).

Objective To investigate the association between serum uric acid and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) levels and to examine any possible effect modifiers among hypertensive patients in rural areas of Eastern China. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Lianyungang and Anqing Cities from July to September 2013. Hypertensive patients with serum uric acid and baPWV measurements were included in this study. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the relationship between serum uric acid levels and baPWV. Results Finally, a total of 4 278 participants were included in this study. The mean age was 65.2 (standard deviation(SD):7.4) years and the mean value of baPWV levels were 1835.1 (SD: 383.4) cm/s. Regression analysis showed that there is a positive correlation between serum uric acid and baPWV levels (per SD increment, β=20.5 cm/s, 95% CI: 8.5-32.5, P=0.001. When uric acid was categorized in tertiles, a significantly higher baPWV level was found in participants in tertile 3 (≥349μmol/L)(β=51.2 cm/s, 95% CI: 23.8-78.6, P=0.001), compared with those in tertile 1(<277 μmol/L). Furthermore, the serum uric acid-baPWV association was significantly stronger in those systolic blood pressure (SBP)≥140 mm Hg (vs.<140 mm Hg; p-interaction=0.001). Conclusion There is a positive relationship between uric acid levels and baPWV among hypertensive patients, especially in those with higher SBP levels.