This review introduced the anti-tumor effects of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and summarized their possible molecular mechanisms according to recent abroad literatures and our research results. Some evidence showed that the anti-tumor mechanisms of NSAIDs were different in various tumors.NSAIDs decreased the biosynthesis of PGE_2 and regulated the expressions of downstream correlated genes and proteins through restraining abnormal expression of COX-2 in certain neoplasms,which resulted in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and proliferation as well as induced apoptosis. But in other cancer cells, NSAIDs, as activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?), induced COX-2 expression, promoted the biosynthesis of cyclopentenone prostaglandins (cyPGs). cyPGs further induced tumor cell apoptosis with PPAR? dependently or PPAR? independently. Since their special mechanisms of anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis, NSAIDs revealed significant synergistic effects with other anti-tumor treatments.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; epidemiology ; Dyslipidemias ; epidemiology ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Smoking ; epidemiology

Objective To detect the mutations of ATP2C1 gene in patients with Hailey-Hailey dis- ease (HHD).Methods PCR and direct sequencing were performed in 17 patients and 120 healthy controls to screen the mutations in the exons of ATP2C1 gene.Results Eight mutations were identified in nine probands, including three deletion mutations (nt1464-1487 del/nt1462-1485del,1523delAT,2375delTTGT),three splice site mutations (360—2A→G,1415—2A→T,2243+2T→C) and two missence mutations (C920T and G1942T).None of the above mutations was found in the controls.Conclusion Eight specific novel mutations were identified in nine probands of HHD,which could be causative factors of the disease.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: High-fat diets contribute to pancreatic fibrogenesis, but the pathogenesis remains unclear. This study investigated the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) in high-fat diet-induced pancreatic fibrosis in rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet or standard normal chow for 20 weeks. Pancreatic fibrosis was determined by Sirius red staining. Immunohistochemical staining, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to identify NF-kappaB-associated genes or protein expressions. RESULTS: Inflammation, fat deposition, pancreatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis were observed in the pancreases of the high-fat diet group. NF-kappaB subunit p65 (NF-kappaB/p65) expression was localized to the nucleus, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was over-expressed. Pancreatic gene expression levels of NF-kappaB/p65, ICAM-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were all elevated significantly in rats fed a high-fat diet compared with control rats. Western blotting also revealed significantly increased levels of ICAM-1 and nuclear NF-kappaB/p65 in rats fed high-fat diets comparison with control rats. CONCLUSIONS: NF-kappaB is involved in high-fat diet-related pancreatic fibrosis.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Diet, High-Fat ; Fibrosis ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Stellate Cells ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether S. aureus could activate NF-κB signaling pathway in human osteoblasts.

METHODSImmunoblot and electrophoretic mobility shift assay were used to detect the degradation of I-κBα and activation of NF-κB in human osteoblasts following infection with S.aureus, respectively, and there were investigated the activated state of NF-κB signaling pathway in human osteoblasts. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the secretion of IL-6 in culture supernatants, which was represented as one of important cytokines in osteomyelitis, and an inhibitor of NF-κB, SN50, which was added to human osteoblasts culture prior to 1 hour at 50 µmol/L before the infection of S.aureus, was used to determine whether S.aureus-activated NF-κB signaling pathway regulates IL-6 secretion of human osteoblasts.

RESULTSS.aureus could induce the degradation of I-κBα (I-κBα(15 min)/I-κBα(0 min) = 0.409 ± 0.245 and I-κBα(30 min)/I-κBα(0 min) = 0.061 ± 0.010) and activation of NF-κB in human osteoblasts in a time and dose-dependent manner following infection. In addition, the secretion of IL-6 in the supernatants of human osteoblasts ((2.17 ± 0.11) µg/L) was suppressed by 50 µmol/L SN50 compared to without the addition of SN50 ((3.58 ± 0.31) µg/L) (F = 174.25, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSS.aureus could activate NF-κB signaling pathway in human osteoblasts, which could regulate cytokines secretions of human osteoblasts.

Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; secretion ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Osteoblasts ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Staphylococcal Infections ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate risks and clinical effects of operative treatment for cervical vertebral fracture and dislocation associated with unilateral vertebral artery injury.

METHODSThis group consisted of 76 cases of closed cervical spine trauma combined with unilateral vertebral artery injury (23 cases of bilateral facet dislocation, 28 unilateral facet dislocation and 25 fracture). All patients underwent prospective examination of cervical spine MRI and vertebral artery two-dimensional time-of-flight (2D TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and anterior cervical decompression. The healthy vertebral artery paths were evaluated before the surgery, and were protected during the surgery according to the anatomical signs.

RESULTSThere were no acute or chronic clinical damage symptoms in 76 cases after surgery. No neural damage symptoms were observed in patients with normal neural functions. The neural functions of incomplete paralyzed patients were improved in different grades.

CONCLUSIONSReliable anterior operation can produce good results for cervical fracture and dislocation with unilateral vertebral artery injury. Detecting the course of uninjured vertebral artery before operation and locating the anatomical site during operation are effective to avoid damaging vertebral artery of uninjured side.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Vertebral Artery ; injuries ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the effect of myocardial viability on left ventricular function after elective revascularization in patients with myocardial infarction by 99Tcm-MIBI and 18F-FDG dual-isotope simultaneous acquisition (DISA) myocardial perfusion-metabolic imaging. Methods Ninety-one patients clinically confirmed of myocardial infarction underwent DISA imaging. Based on the results of echocardiography, the patients were divided into heart failure group (group A) and normal cardiac function group (group B). After PCI, left ventricular function was measured by echocardiography in 1, 3 and 6 months. The t-test and χ2-test were used to compare the difference between the two groups using SPSS 13.0. Results The average number of diseased segments by myocardial perfusion imaging was 9.8±3.5 and 5.4±2.6 in groups A and B, respectively (t=6.87, P<0.01). The average number of diseased segments by myocardial metabolic imaging was 7.5±3.4 and 4.6±2.8 in groups A and B, respectively (t=4.46, P<0.01). There were 173 segments with viable myocardium (173/458: 37.8%) in group A and 188 segments with viable myocardium (188/307: 61.2%) in group B (χ2=40.61, P<0.001). The summed perfusion score (SPS), summed metabolism score (SMS) and summed difference score (SDS=SMS-SPS) were 28.43±11.86 vs 21.36±9.54, 20.17±8.52 vs 15.19±5.74 and 0.39±3.17 vs -12.72±4.55, respectively in groups A and B (t=3.15, P<0.01; t=3.32, P<0.01; t=15.59, P<0.01). The mean change of LVEF (ΔLVEF) and the mean change of left ventricular end-diastole dimension (ΔLVEDd) of the patients with more than 4 viable myocardial segments in group A were significantly more than those in group B( (12.81±2.62)% vs (5.90±1.91)%, t=16.33, P<0.001; (-13.13±4.20) mm vs (-7.75±2.31) mm, t=6.86, P<0.001). However, the ΔLVEF and ΔLVEDd of the patients with less than 4 viable myocardial segments in group A were significantly less than those in group B (t=3.25, P<0.01; t=4.92, P<0.001). Conclusion The amount of viable myocardium in infarct myocardium is an important factor for left ventricular function recovery after elective revascularization.

Objective To explore the therapeutic efficacy of levofloxacin combined with anti-tuberculosis drugs and thoracic catheterization for the treatment of tuberculous pleuritis.Methods Patients who were admitted to Departments of Infectious Diseases of Hanzhong Central Hospital and Ankang Central Hospital between February 2014 and August 2016 for initial treatment of tuberculous pleuritis were included in the study,they were divided into groups A,B,C and D.Group A received 2HRZE + 7HR regimen combined with conventional drainage;group B received 2HRZE+ 7HR regimen combined with thoracic catheterization;group C received 2HRZEV + 7HR regimen combined with thoracic catheterization;group D received 2HRZEV + 10HR regimen combined with thoracic catheterization.groups B,C and D received thoracic catheterization,normal saline 20mL and urokinase 100,000U were given through the drainage tube.Results A total of 172 patients with newly diagnosed tuberctlous pleurisy were received for treatment.There were 45,53,38,and 36 cases in group A,B,C,and D respectively.The total effective rate of therapy for pleural effusion in group A was lower than that in group B(64.44％ vs 90.57％,x2 =9.863,P＜ 0.05);after two month therapy,total effective rate of therapy for pleural effusion in group B was lower than that in group C (18.87％ vs 39.47％,x2 =4.716,P＜0.05);at the end of therapy,total effective rate in group C was lower than that in group D (60.53 ％ vs 83.33 ％,x2 =4.731,P＜0.05).Conclusion For initial treatment of patients with tuberculous pleuritis,2HRZEV + 10HR antituberculosis regimen combined with thoracic catheterization and urokinase infusion can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and recovery rate of tuberculous pleuritis,facilitate drainage of pleural effusion and prevent pleural thickening,adhesion and encapsulation.

The prognostic value of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase,catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is controversial.We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutation in patients with ESCC.EMBASE,PubMed,and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from inception through Oct.3,2016.The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95％ confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random effects model for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).Seven studies enrolling 1505 patients were eligible for inclusion of the current meta-analysis.Results revealed that PIK3CA mutation was not significantly associated with OS (HR:0.90,95％ CI:0.63-1.30,P=0.591),with a significant heterogeneity (I2=65.7％,P=0.012).Additionally,subgroup analyses were further conducted according to various variables,such as types of specimen,the sample size,technique and statistical methodology.All results suggested that no significant relationship was found between PIK3CA mutation and OS in patients with ESCC.For DFS,there was no significant association between PIK3CA mutation and DFS in patients with ESCC (HR:1.00,95％ CI=0.47-2.11,P=0.993,I2=73.7％).Publication bias was not present and the results of sensitivity analysis were very stable in the current meta-analysis.Our findings suggest that PIK3CA mutation has no significant effects on OS and DFS in ESCC patients.More well-designed prospective studies with better methodology for PIK3CA assessment are required to clarify the prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutation in ESCC patients.

Urine cell-free DNA (ucfDNA) contains DNA fragments released from the lysis of cells in the urinary system, and circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) can also enter the urine after glomerular filtration, and the mutation information carried by tumor DNA contained in ucfDNA and ccfDNA is consistent. Therefore, as a biomarker for molecular diagnosis of urological and non-urinary tumors, ucfDNA, has become a research hotspot in the field of liquid biopsy in recent years. UcfDNA has potential application value in individualized treatment, early diagnosis, dynamic monitoring of therapeutic efficacy, and prognosis assessment, etc. However, in order to realize the clinical application of urine ucfDNA, the extraction and accurate detection of ucfDNA still need to be solved.