Automobile Driving ; China ; Humans ; Seat Belts ; utilization

OBJECTIVE: Screen seventeen benzodizepines and their metabolitesin urine by GC/ECD and GC/MS. METHODS: They were GC (GC/ECD, GC/MS) assay of benzodizepines and GC (GC/ECD, GC/MS) assay of benzophenones of acid-hydrolytic products of 1,4-benzodizepines. RESULTS: The methods were simple and sensitive. The recoverys were 60% to 90% of most benzodizepines, linear calibration curves were 20 ng/ml-200 ng/ml (r > 0.99), and detection limits were 0.5 ng/ml-10 ng/ml. CONCLUSION They methods were evaluated with human urine samples.
Anti-Anxiety Agents/urine* ; Benzodiazepines/urine* ; Benzophenones/urine* ; Chromatography, Gas ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effect of immediate and delayed post space preparation on the integrity of the apical seal.Methods Seventy extracted human single-rooted human teeth were biomechanically prepared using the step-back technique.They were randomly assigned to 2 experimental groups of 35 teeth each and filled with two root canal sealants (AHplus and Cortisomol) separately.Thirty teeth in each group were prepared and the other five served as negative controls.Apical microleakage was evaluated with ink dye penetration.Results Cortisomol group showed better apical sealing effect than did other groups when teeth were prepared immediatlly,and microleakage values showed no statistically significant difference ( P ＞ 0.05 ),Vitapex group generated more microleakage than did the other Two groups with delayed preparation ( 2.03 ± 0.33 mm),the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Cortisomol group had a greater microleakage than other groups did when prepared immediately,but the difference was not statistically significant.The other two groups showed significantly greater microleakage with delayed preparation than they did with immediate preparation group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Immediate post space preparation creates less microleakage than delayed preparation does.

Objective: To study the clinical efficacy of Jinghuang tablet (Rhubarb extract tablet, RET) in treating simple obesity. Methods: Four hundred and seventy-two simple obesity patients were randomly divided into 3 pairs of groups: (1) RET-2 treated group (50 cases): treated with RET vs western drug fenfluramine control group (50 cases). (2) RET treated group vs Chinese patent drug Xiaopangmei (XPM) control group with 50 cases randomly divided into each. (3) RET-1 treated group with 137 cases vs blank control of 135 cases. The aim was to observe markedly effective rate, effective rate and side-effect of RET group and fenfluramine and XPM control groups. At the same time, the slimming efficacy of RET-1 treated group and the blank control group were observed. Results: The slimming effective rate of RET is similar to that of fenfluramine (P<0.05), and better than domestically well accepted slimming Chinese patent drug XPM (P<0.05). In comparing RET-1 group with blank control group, the difference of weight loss of the 2 groups after 1 week treatment was 0.93 kg on average, which was significant. Conclusion: The efficacy of RET in treating simple obesity was similar to that of fenfluramine, but the side-effect was obviously less than that of fenfluramine, while the markedly effective rate and effective rate in slimming were significantly better than that of XPM.

WRKY transcription factor is one of the Zinc finger proteins which contains a highly conserved WRKY domain and is a family of the plant-specific transcription factor. The plasmid pET28a-SmWRKY1 harboring Salvia miltiorrhiza WRKY1 (SmWRKY1) gene was successfully transformed and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The conditions on protein expression of SmWRKY1 in E. coli, including induction duration, temperature, IPTG concentration and the E. coli concentration were optimized. The results showed that the highest protein expression of SmWRKY1 was obtained at 24 hours after the E. coli was cultured in the presence of 0.2 mol x L(-1) IPTG at 20 degrees C with A600 values of 1.0-1.5. This recombinant histidine-tagged protein was expressed at 2.454 g x L(-1) as inclusion body, which was first extracted using urea, and then purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE. The expression of SmWRKY1 in E. coli was further confirmed by western blotting analysis.
Blotting, Western ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Plant Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; genetics

Objective To investigate the feasibility of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide- enhanced(USPIO)-enhanced MR imaging for monitoring synovitis of antigen-induced arthritis in rabbit model and explore the optimal MR imaging sequences.Methods Nine female white rabbits with antigen(0.5 ml mBSA,2 mg/ml)induced arthritis of the right knees were used in the study.The left knees of these rabbits and both knees of another 3 rabbits served as the control.Nine to 28 days(mean 21.3 d)after successful model induction,all knees were imaged before and 24 h after intravenously injection of USPIO (0.3 ml/kg),among which 2 rabbits were also imaged at 48 and 72 h after administration of USPIO respectively.The MR protocol included spin-echo(SE) T_1WI,fast spin-echo(FSE)T_2WI,gradient echo (GRE)T_2~* WI and short tau inversion recovery(STIR).Images were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively based on signal characteristics and patterns of the synovium.Paired t-test was used for the analysis of the signal intensity of inflammatory synovial membrane before and 24 h after injection of USPIO. MR findings were correlated with histopathology.Results Arthritis was successfully induced in all 9 right knees with intraarticular injection of mBSA.Pathological examination revealed hyperplasia of synovium with infiltration of USPIO-loaded-macrophages.MR depicted synovial thickening(thickness 2.07?0.97 mm) and joint effusion.Synovium and joint fluid appeared as slightly hypo- or iso-intense on T_1 WI and hyper- intense on T_2 WI or T_2~* WI.Twenty four hours after USPIO injection,significant T_1 enhancement(ASNR 41.91%?27.94%),negative T_2 and T_2~* enhancement(△SNR -34.92%?11.77% and -57.24%? 16.05%)were demonstrated in the region of synovial inflammation respectively.The signal at 48 h and 72 h changed less than that at hour 24.No signs of arthritis occurred in all left knees and in all knees of the artificial model group.Conclusion Iron oxide phagocytized into macrophages can be a root cause resulted in signal change on USPIO-enhanced MR images.The gradient echo sequence should be the optimal sequence to be used in USPIO-enhanced MR imaging in antigen-induced arthritis.

Aim To observe the expression of mesen-cephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor(MANF) in synovial membrane and serum of rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA) and to analyse the relationship between MANF expression and arthritis. Methods AA models were prepared by injecting Freund complete adjuvant (FCA) into SD rats. The swelling of the secondary joint was measured by foot volume measurement. The severity of AA was recorded by arthritis index (AI). Synovial pathological changes were observed by HE staining. The protein and mRNA levels of MANF,BiP and CHOP extracted from synovial tissues in different periods of AA rats were detected by Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. The levels of MANF, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and then the relationship between MANF level and inflam-matory factors were explored. Results AA rat model was established successfully. The expression of BiP significantly increased in synovial tissue on d 2 after CFA injection,and decreased until d 28. The expres-sion of MANF slightly increased on d 2,then remained stable,and significantly increased on d 14, and then decreased gradually. The expression of CHOP kept to rise slowly at a low level. The level of MANF in serum markedly increased on d 14,then gradually decreased, but it was still higher than the normal level on d 28. The level of CRP exhibited similar trend with MANF. Correlation analysis showed that MANF had a negative correlation with arthritis symptoms, IL-1β and TNF-α in the secondary inflammatory period of AA rats. Con-clusions Arthritis induces the expression and secre-tion of MANF,and the level of MANF is closely relat-ed to the progression and severity of arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of opiates in biological samples according to the emerging problem in drugs abuse. METHODS: Opiates such as heroin, 6-acetylmorphine, morphine, codeine, acetylcodeine, hydrocodone and hydromorphone were isolated from human blood, urine, oral fluid and hair using a simple extraction and consequently analyzed using LC-MS/MS. The method was evaluated by real cases. RESULTS: The mobile phase give the optimum separation for opiates. The detection limit of morphine in urine with dilution and liquid-liquid extraction and in hair is 10ng/mL, 0.01 ng/mL and 0.01 ng/mg, respectively. CONCLUSION The method is simple and rapid, offering superior sensitivity and selectivity for opiates. The target compounds comprising hydrocodone and hydromorphone enlarge the applied area.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Codeine/analysis* ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Hair/chemistry* ; Humans ; Hydrocodone/analysis* ; Hydromorphone/analysis* ; Morphine/analysis* ; Narcotics/analysis* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Saliva/chemistry* ; Substance Abuse Detection/methods* ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

OBJECTIVE: To establish an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method for determination of Hg in biological samples. METHODS: The samples were digested with microwave digestion instrument. ICP-MS was applied to detect Hg in blood, urine and hair specimens by using 115In as an internal marker. The ability of gold to eliminate the memory effect of mercury was investigated with the gold amalgamate produced by gold and mercury. RESULTS: The limits of detection were in the 0.01 microg/L, and the accuracy of the method ranged from 97.0% to 107.1%. The concentration of gold was 10 microg/L and the memory effect of mercury was resolved. CONCLUSION The method is accurate, rapid, sensitive and suitable for the cases of mercury poisoning and the clinical diagnosis and monitoring for patients with mercury poisoning.
Forensic Toxicology ; Hair/chemistry* ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Mercury/urine* ; Mercury Poisoning/diagnosis* ; Microwaves ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Specimen Handling/methods*

The objective of this study was to evaluate the etiological factors, diagnosis and therapy of pulmonary fungal infection in hematological malignancies, 14 cases of malignant hematological disease with pulmonary fungal infection were collected and analyzed. The results showed that 11 out of 14 cases had the respiratory manifestations, sputum was sticky and difficult to be expectorated in 7 cases, X rays in chests showed shadows with features of stigma and sheet in 11 cases, Candida albicans and aspergillus infection were observed in 10 and 2 cases respectively, the numbers of neutrophil were below 0.5 x 10(9)/L in 8 cases and below 1.0 x 10(9)/L in 3 cases respectively, fluconazole was used for 12 cases and clinical symptoms of 11 cases were improved within two weeks. In conclusion, the occurrence of pulmonary fungal infection in malignant hematological diseases is associated with intensive chemotherapy, decrease of neutrophil counts and using of broad-spectrum antibiotics, the diagnosis at early stage is difficult and clinicians should pay more attention to its clinical and laboratory examinations, and give them therapy in time.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antifungal Agents ; therapeutic use ; Aspergillosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Candidiasis ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Female ; Fluconazole ; therapeutic use ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome