Objective To develop an early-warning indicator system of brucellosis outbreak. Methods The methods of literature review and expert discussion were used to formulate the initiatory framework and indicators, and then Delphi method was used to filter indicators, discuss the boundary of indicators and determine the weighting coefficient. Results The average length of service provided by experts who engaged in prevention and control of brucellosis was (25.10 ± 8.80) years and the positive coefficient of the consultant experts of the two-round results were 95% and 68%, respectively. Kendall coefficients were 0.35, 0.54 and X2R value were 81.31 and 285.27, respectively and P value was all less than 0.01. Five first-level indicators(the host animal, high-risk groups,social environment, index case and the level of previous disease) and 13 secondary indicators were selected to develop the early-warning indicator system of brucellosis outbreak. The weight coefficients of the five first-level indicators were 0.21, 0.22, 0.17, 0.21 and 0.19, respectively. Conclusions The early-waming indicator system of brucellosis outbreak is initially established. We propose to develop the early-warning programs according to local conditions and the indicator system.

Objective：This study was designed to evaluate the application of three markers in diagnosing lung cancer and calculate Bergman Parameter to raise the sensitivity and validity in detecting the lung cancer. Methods：Using immunoradiometric and chemiluminescence assay, we observed serum NSE (neuron-specific enolase), CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen), and CA50(cancer-associated carbohydrate antigens 50) in 107 cases of lung cancer and 118 cases of benign pulmonary diseases. Bergman parameter was calculated with Bergman’s formula. Results：The sensitivity of NSE, CEA, CA50 for lung cancer were 51.4％ , 54.2％ , and 31.7％ , respectively. The specificity was 85.7％ , 89.8％ , and 93.0％ , respectively, while diagnostic accuracy rates were 64.3％ , 72.9％ , and 55.8％ . The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy rate of Bergman parameter (95.2％ , 87.5％ and 92.1％ ) were higher than these three markers in lung cancer (P<0.05). We found that Bergman parameter could be used to moniter the prognosis of advanced lung cancer. Conclusion： Serum NSE, CEA, and CA50 are of value in detecting lung cancer. Bergman parameter, calculated with NSE, CEA, CA50, is able to increase specificity and accuracy in diagnosis of lung cancer.

Objective To find out the relationship of ecological environment protection and the transmission of Lyme disease under economic development of western regions in China.Methods Both scene molecular and traditional epidemiological methods were used to assess the effects of environmental protection on the transmission of Lyme disease.Results Among areas as protected natural forests,semiprotected nursery forests and farmland,the vector tick species and reservoir rodents from protected natural forests area had the highest quantity of population and diversity index and followed by semi-protected nursery forests.Vector competence of reservoir hosts and value of natural foci from protected natural forests area were also remarkably higher than those areas of semi-protected nursery forests and farmland. Staff working in the areas who were bitten by ticks from protected natural forests areas had higher serological Dositive rate(66.7%)than those from semi-protected nursery forests areas(2.5%),and both showed remarkable difference(P=6.45,E-11＜0.01,df=1).The difference of genetic divergence among these subpoPulations from different habitats being surveyed showed that the biggest genetic divergence index (Fst)of 0.557 42 was between protected natural forests area and farmland area.The index between semiprotected nursery forests area and farmland area was also bigger than zero with statistical significance.The genetic divergence index of 0.108 02 between semi-protected nursery forests area and protected natural forests area was the lowest which showed that genetic divergence between the subpopulations of the two sampling areas was not obvious.The genetic distance among these subpopulations had similar change along with their habitats.Conclusion Under economic development of western regions in China,when programs as natural forests protections,recovery prairie and grassland from farmland were actively performed,vectors insects and reservoir hosts of Lyme disease might also be protected to some degree but the risk and value of natural foci on Lyme disease might increase.Data suggested that people entering these areas should be told to strengthen their awareness on individual protection against the disease.

OBJECTIVETo investigate an effective method to facilitate the physical and mental recovery of drug abusers in detoxification restoration period.

METHODSIntegrated interventions were adopted to observe the changes in the physical and mental conditions of female drug abusers who had withdrawn drugs.

RESULTSComparing behavioral changes between the two groups before and after intervention, we found that changes of score in the intervention group were all higher than those in the control group in terms of their physical symptoms or state of anxiety.

CONCLUSIONIt is necessary to help drug abusers understand the harm of drug-abuse, build up self-confidence and improve EQ through interventions. It will be beneficial for the drug addicts to refrain from drug-taking and regain a normal life. Our study has proved that positive results can only be obtained from integrated intervention projects.

Adult ; Anxiety ; Counseling ; Female ; Humans ; Self Concept ; Substance Abuse Treatment Centers ; Substance-Related Disorders ; psychology ; therapy

Rational nutritional support shall be based on nutritional screening and nutritional assessment.This study is aimed to explore nutritional risk screening and its influencing factors of hospitalized patients in central urban area.It is helpful for the early detection of problems in nutritional supports,nutrition management and the implementation of intervention measures,which will contribute a lot to improving the patient's poor clinical outcome.A total of three tertiary medical institutions were enrolled in this study.From October 2015 to June 2016,1202 hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled in Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) for nutritional risk screening,including 8 cases who refused to participate,5 cases of same-day surgery and 5 cases of coma.A single-factor chi-square test was performed on 312 patients with nutritional risk and 872 hospitalized patients without nutritional risk.Logistic regression analysis was performed with univariate analysis (P＜0.05),to investigate the incidence of nutritional risk and influencing factors.The incidence of nutritional risk was 26.35％ in the inpatients,25.90％ in male and 26.84％ in female,respectively.The single-factor analysis showed that the age ≥60,sleeping disorder,fasting,intraoperative bleeding,the surgery in recent month,digestive diseases,metabolic diseases and endocrine system diseases had significant effects on nutritional risk (P＜0.05).Having considered the above-mentioned factors as independent variables and nutritional risk (Y=1,N=0)as dependent variable,logistic regression analysis revealed that the age ≥60,fasting,sleeping disorders,the surgery in recent month and digestive diseases are hazardous factors for nutritional risk.Nutritional risk exists in hospitalized patients in central urban areas.Nutritional risk screening should be conducted for inpatients.Nutritional intervention programs should be formulated in consideration of those influencing factors,which enable to reduce the nutritional risk and to promote the rehabilitation of inpatients.

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) data from two centers. METHODS: The NIPS results of 10 840 samples were analyzed, including 21/18/13 trisomies (T21/T18/T13), sex chromosome and other autosomal aneuploidies, and copy number variants (CNVs). The maternal age, gestational week, body mass index and concentration of free fetal DNA (cffDNA) were also analyzed. RESULTS: The average gestational age of the 10 840 pregnant women was (32.34±5.04) year old, and the average gestational week for NIPS was (17.60±3.55) week. The overall false positive rate for T21/T18/T13 was 0.11%, sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 99.89%, and positive predictive value was 81.5%. The positive predictive values for sex chromosome and other autosomal aneuploidies and CNVs were 56.67%, 11.76% and 83.33%, respectively. The incidence of T21/T18 in the elder women (35 years or elder) was 2.12 times(P<0.01) and 1.81 times (P> 0.05) that of young women. cffDNA was in proportion to gestational week (r = 0.207) and in inverse proportion to body mass index (r = -0.177). It has increased slowly before 15 weeks of gestation and thereafter at a rate of 0.5% per week after the 16th week. CONCLUSION The performance of NIPS in this study is by large close to the reported in the literature, and the results can provide a reference for further study.

Objectives To use visualization method to analyze the relevant literature about prevention and treatment of obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with TCM; To understand research hot spots and development trends of this field. Methods Computers were used to retrieve prevention and treatment of T2DM with TCM in CNKI. CiteSpaceV was used to visualize the authors, research institutes and keywords, and discussed their research hot spots, research frontiers, major research groups and trends. KNS6.6 was used to quantitatively analyzed included literature distribution characteristics, core citations, etc., and conducted visual display. Results After screening, 130 articles were included, involving 257 researchers and 6 research institutes, among which, TONG Xiao-lin, DONG Liu, ZHOU Li-bo, etc. were the main researchers. Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences is the most important research institute, followed by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine and Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. The main research directions included the diagnosis and treatment of obesity T2DM, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, the mechanism of TCM intervention in inflammation. This study predicted exploration of the TCM pathogenesis of obesity T2DM and the construction of TCM clinical pathway may be the future research trends and hot spots. Conclusion Through visualization analysis, the main research directions in the field in recent 20 years, research hot spots, evolution veins and development trends can be understood quickly and intuitively, providing a basis for further research.

y increased. Control of smoking prevalence should play a vital role in the prevention of the lung cancer death risks in China.

The aim of study was to investigate the injury of bone marrow microenvironment after γ ray irradiation conditioning in mouse allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The mononuclear cells collected from mice bone marrow for culture in vitro, were identified by flow cytometry with double staining when cultured for 5 - 7 days. Mice were separated randomly into 4 groups, namely, the control group, irradiation group, endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation group and irradiation combined EPC transplantation group. Peripheral blood was collected to assay the circulating white blood cells. The histological, electron microscopic and immunofluorescence analyses of bone marrow were performed in the same time, furthermore the distribution of labeled EPC was determined. The results showed that EPC were identified as CD45(low/-)CD133(+)CD31(+), double positive of Dil-Ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-1. The bone marrow microenvironment injury of recipient mice was shown in the irradiation group in which the number of WBC began to decrease after conditioning, and the mice were all died at 8 days (p < 0.05). The intramedullary hemorrhage could be detected by light microscopy at 3 days after irradiation, when the destruction of connection between endothelial cell and the basement membrane was observed by TEM. There were CFSE labeled cells in bone marrow in irradiation combined EPC transplantation group at 18 hours after transplanted cultured EPC in vitro, the number of CFSE(+) cells was 58-folds of EPC transplantation group (p < 0.05). It is concluded that the irradiation can cause the severe endothelium injury that drives extrinsic EPC homing to the injured bone marrow microenvironment.
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Gamma Rays ; adverse effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Transplantation Conditioning ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo explore the pathogenesis of tumors by blocking the normal differentiation process of stem cells.

METHODSBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from rats were isolated, cultured and purified by whole bone marrow adherence method. The rat BMSCs were induced to differentiate into adipocytes with dexamethasone, insulin and indomethacin. Blockage of the differentiation process was induced by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC).

RESULTSThe differentiation experiment showed that at 30 days after the induction, oil red O staining-positive cells occurred with increased intracytolasmic lipid droplets, characteristic for adipocytes. The differentiation blockage experiment showed that at 30 days after induction, the deposits of oil red O staining-cytoplasmic lipid droplets was significantly reduced, indicating that the blocked cells were adipocytes, but not fully differentiated. Morphological identification showed that cell contact inhibition disappeared, abnormal cell nuclei, increased number of micronucleus aberration and karyotype abnormalities, indicating that malignant transformation of the stem cells occurred after the differentiation blockage.

CONCLUSIONSThe results of this study show a blockage of the differentiation of that stem cells at the intermediate phase, and a tendency of malignant transformation of the stem cells. The results of our study provide new evidence that cancer stem cells may be originated by suppression of stem cell differentiation.

Adipocytes ; cytology ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Drug Combinations ; Female ; Indomethacin ; pharmacology ; Insulin ; pharmacology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Methylcholanthrene ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar