Auditory Cortex ; metabolism ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

OBJECTIVE To explore the indication and effect of primary repair of the defects for stomal recurrence after total laryngectomy. METHODS A total of 18 cases with stomal recurrence after total laryngectomy were performed operation.The defect of hypopharynx and cervical oesophagus was repaired with free forearm flap (n=5),free jejunual interposition(n=3),pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (n=1)and pharyngogastric anastomosis(n=2).The defect of skin was repaired with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.RESULTS All pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps were viable. Pharyngeal fistula occurred in 4 cases,one of whom had been performed free jejunual interposition,2 had been performed free forearm flap,and one with fistula bleeding had been performed pharyngogastric anastomosis.All cases could swallow after operation. During follow-up for 6 to 74 months,swallow obstruction occurred in 3 cases.CONCLUSION The methods of repair for surgical defect of stomal recurrence after total laryngectomy should depend on the bound of stomal recurrence and therapeutic procedure of primary tumor.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the risk factors involved in local failure following radiotherapy and chemotherapy to nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHOD: A retrospective analysis was carried out to review the histopathological data from 308 NPC patients who recieved medical treatment between 2004 and 2006. The incidence and the risk factor for local treatment failure were evaluated in a model that included the following factors: sex, age, T and N staging, histological grade of primary tumor, presence of cervical lymph node metastasis, size and laterals of positive neck nodes, levels involved, ways of radiation and condition of concurrent chemotherapy. Univariate chi2 test and multivariate stepwise logistic regression model were used for the analysis. Statistical analysis of survival of patients with local residues and recurrence was performed using Kaplan-Meier method. RESULT: Ninty-three cases (30.2%) presented local residues and recurrence in 308 patients of nasopharyngeal carcinomas. In the univariate analysis, it was confirmed that the following variables correlated to local failure, i. e., T staging (P < 0.01), N staging (P < 0.01), presence of cervical lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), size and laterals of positive neck nodes (P < 0.05, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the most ignificant risk factors for local failure were the T staging only. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that overall survival rates of 71 NPC patients with local residues and recurrence who received re-treatment were 77.2% at 1 year, 40.4% at 3 years, 22.4% at 5 years, respectively. CONCLUSION T staging is the key risk factors in determining the development of local failure following radiotherapy or chemotherapy in NPC patients. Patients with primary tumor infiltrating bone have the higher risk of developing local residues and recurrence. Retreatment to the patients suffering from local failure can imrove survival rates.
Adult ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Bone Neoplasms ; pathology ; Carcinoma ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Neck ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Failure ; Tumor Burden

[Objective] To investigate the effect of Bao Xin Kang (BXK) on levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cAMP) in vascular smooth muscle of rats with myocatdial hypertrophic heart failure and to explore its mechanism. [Methods] Fifty rats were randomly allocated to five groups: normal control group (Group A) , model group (Group B) , digoxin group (Group C), large - dose BXK group (Group D) and small - dose BXK group (Group E). Rat models with myocardial hypertrophic heart failure were established by subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline for 13 days. Radioimmunoassay was used to measure the levels of cAMP, cGMP and the ratio of cAMP/cGMP in vascular smooth muscle. The body weight and the weight of heart, liver and lung were measured and his-tomorphologic features of heart, liver and lung also examined. [Results] The levels of cAMP and cGMP and the heart index (heart weight /body weight) and the liver index (liver weight/body weight) in Group B were increased as compared with those in Group A (P

[Objective] To observe levels of plasma endothelin (ET) and calcitonin gene - related peptide (CGRP) in rats with myocardial hypertrophic heart failure affected by Yang Xin Kang (composed of Radix Ginseng, Radix Ophio-pogonis, Radix flicis Pubescetis, etc.) and its mechanism. [Methods] Rat models with myocardial hypertrophic heart failure was established by subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline for 13 days. Fifty rats were allocated to five groups: normal control (Group A), model (Group B), digoxin (Group C), high dosage of Yang Xin Kang (Group D) and low dosage of Yang Xin Kang (Group E). ET and CGRP levels were measured by radioimmunoassay method. [Results] ET level in Group B was higher and CGRP level lower than those in Group A (P

Objective To verify a new revised method with low usage amount of arsenic trioxide for determining urinary iodine by As(Ⅲ)-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry using ammonium persulfate digestion.Methods The standard curve linearity,sample detection limit,precision and accuracy of determining urinary iodine of this modified method were verified according to Determination Methods of Chemicals in Biological Materials.Results The linear correlative coefficients of the 0-300 μg/L range and 300-1200 μg/L range calibration curve were-0.9998--1.0000(n =6) and-0.9998--1.0000,respectively.The detection limit for iodine was 1.3 μg/L.The relative standard deviations were 1.5％ (1.1/71.3)-2.5％ (6.2/244.9) when measuring 3 urine samples with iodine concentration of 71.3-244.9 μg/L,and 0.6％(2.4/388.5)-1.7％(17.3/1018.0) when measuring 3 urine samples with iodine concentration of 388.5-1018.0 μg/L,respectively(n =6).The test results of the four urinary iodine national standard materials with iodine concentration of 73.0,206.0,556.0 and 883.0 μg,/L were all within the given value range and the average value relative deviation was 1.8％ (1.3/73.0),0.4％ (0.8/206.0),0.2％ (1.0/556.0) and-1.6％(-13.7/883.0),respectively (n =6).The average recovery was 98.8％ with a range of 93.2％ (186.3/200.0)-103.4％(51.7/50.0) when measuring 3 urine samples with iodine concentration of 64.6-144.9 μg/L and 3 urine samples with iodine concentration of 346.8-574.4 μg/L,respectively.Conclusions This new modified method greatly reduces the amount of waste containing arsenic,and can directly take urine samples with high iodine concentration to digest and determine without dilution.It is performed with good standard linear curve,better precision and high accuracy,and in line with the analysis of biological samples requirements.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foodborne Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Meat ; poisoning ; Middle Aged ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Swine ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To explore the expression of TNF a and IL-10 in different layers of laryngeal tissues after laryngeal transplantation and its relationship with acute rejection.Methods:Laryngeal heterotopic transplantation was performed in Wistar and SD rats(Wistar→SD rats).The SD rats were divided into 4 groups:GroupⅠ:Sham control(receive no transplantation): GroupⅡ(receive transplantation,without cyelosporine A treatment);GroupⅢ(receive transplantation.with 5 mg?kg~(-1)?d cyelosporine A treatment):and GroupⅣ(receive transplantation.with 10 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)cyelosporine A treatment).The transplanted larynx was harvested on 3,7 and 11 days after transplantation for pathological examination.The expression of TNF-?and IL-10 in different layers of grafts was detected immunohistochemically.Results:Pathological observation showed mild,moderate and severe acute rejection in GroupⅡandⅢon 3.7 and 11 days after transplantation,respectively:there was no obvious rejection in GroupⅣ.Immunohistochemical staining showed expression of TNF-?and IL-10 in GroupⅡ.Ⅲ.andⅣ,not in GroupⅠ.The ratios of the positive areas of TNF-?and IL-10 in the mucosal and submucosal layers were significantly higher than those in the muscle and cartilage layers of laryngeal tissues(P

The purpose of this study is to investigate the transdermal delivery characteristics of Gentiana macrophylla complex components system through different parts of the skin under micro-needles conditions. Two-chamber diffusion cells were used, different parts of isolated skin and micro-needle pretreated isolated mouse skin were applied separately, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) similarity evaluation methods were used to evaluate transdermal delivery characteristics of Gentiana macrophylla complex components system on receiving pool and the permeation rate and penetration amount of Gentiopicroside at different parts of mouse skin. In the 24 h, the similarity between receiving fluid which was on passive transdermal delivery and micro-needle transdermal delivery conditions and original fluid were ranged from 83.0% to 98.9%; By the micro-needle pretreatment with different parts of the mouse skin, the time that Gentiana macrophylla complex components system though abdominal skin to the receiving fluid which reached 90% similarity compared with that of original fluid was 4 h, which was 18 h at back skin and 12 h at neck skin separately. Micro-needles can be used as the ideal ingredients for traditional Chinese medicine complex transdermal delivery; transdermal absorption time delay could be greatly reduced and its bioavailability was improved. The permeation rate and similarity to original liquid of Chinese medicine complex components increased significantly in the abdominal skin relative to the neck and back skin under micro-needle conditions.

Objective To explore the impact of breast conservation surgery and modified radical mastectomy combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy respectively on the living quality and sexual life for patients with early-stage breast cancer.Methods From January 2011 to December 2016, 89 patients with breast cancer were admitted and divided into two groups according to different surgical methods.Patients in the conservation group (n=24) received breast conservation surgery combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy, while patients in the modified radical group (n=65) received breast radical surgery combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy.The quality of life and sexual satisfaction of patients were measured by questionnaire investigation.And the data were calculated by SPSS 16.0.Results Different surgical methods combined with radiotherapy affectted the score of living quality a lot.The average score was (87.500±7.940) points in the conservation group, while it was (65.350±8.490) points in the modified radical group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).At the same time,the degree of self acceptance and sexual satisfaction in the conservation group after surgery was better than that in the modified radical group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion Breast conservation surgery combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy for breast cancer patients could receive better quality of life and sexual satisfaction compared with modified radical mastectomy combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy.