AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone combined macular grid photocoagulation treatment for macular edema.
METHODS: Totally 150 cases (150 eyes) with macular edema in our hospital from July 2009 to November 2013 were selected, which were randomly divided into study group (75 cases, 75 eyes) and control group (75 cases, 75 eyes) . The cases in control group were treated with macular grid photocoagulation treatment, those in the study group used triamcinolone acetonide combined macular grid photocoagulation treatment. Best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , parallel optical coherence tomography ( OCT) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were detected before treatment, after treatment 7d, 1, 3, and 9mo.
RESULTS:After the treatment, patients' vision were significantly improved in two groups (P<0. 05). In the study group 7d, 1, 3, and 9mo after operation, the visual acuity was better than the control group and preoperative (P<0. 05); fovea macular neurosensory layer thickness decreased significantly (P<0. 05). In the control group, the point omentum macular neurosensory retinal thickness was not statistically significant at 7d, 1, 3, and 9mo after operation compared with before treatment (P>0. 05). Fovea macular neurosensory retinal thickness in the study group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0. 05). Intraocular pressure of 7 cases in the study group increased slightly, and were normal after treatment.
CONCLUSION: Triamcinolone acetonide combined macular grid photocoagulation treatment is accurate, can effectively improve the visual acuity, reduce macular edema, it is safe and reliable, and suitable for clinical application.

In this study, the general bacterial probe and specific cellulolytic bacterial probes were used to quantify the bacteria in rumen. The total RNA were extracted and then hybridized with general bacterial probe after a dilution of concentration. The result showed that there was a high correlation between the hybridization signal and the dilution of total bacterial RNA. Based on the result above, the quantities of three cellulolytic bacteria in rumen sample were detected. The comparative RNA percentage of three cellulolytic bacteria to total bacterial RNA were similar to the previous reports. It can be concluded that the quantification of bacteria in rumen could be conducted by this approach, and which could be used in future research.

BACKGROUNDHypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) may play an important role in the process of tumorigenesis as well as tumor progression. The aim of this study was to compare the expression between HIF-1α and HIF-2α in tumor angiogenesis and the overall impact on patient prognosis in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSIn the current work we compared the immunohistochemical expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in surgical specimens of 140 patients with NSCLC in a tissue microarray study. Relationships between HIF-α expression and clinicopathological or angiogenic factors, including prognosis, were analyzed.

RESULTSHigh HIF-1α and HIF-2α expression was noted in 49/140 (35.0%) and in 64/140 (45.7%) of the cases, respectively. There was no direct correlation between HIF-1α and HIF-2α expression. Patients with advanced stage tumors had frequent high expression of HIF-2α (P = 0.007), and we also found a significant correlation between HIF-2α and T or N stage (P = 0.030 and 0.043, respectively). HIF-1α showed a marginal association with T stage (P = 0.084), which showed a higher expression in early stage tumors. A significant correlation (P = 0.045) was noticed between HIF-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression while the expression levels of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and microvessel density (MVD) were significantly higher in high HIF-2α tumors (P = 0.020, 0.004, and 0.046, respectively). In addition, univariate analysis of overall survival demonstrated that HIF-2α expression, but not HIF-1α, was related to poor outcome (P = 0.001) and it retained significant in multivariate analysis (P = 0.036).

CONCLUSIONSTaken together, we conclude that HIF-1α and HIF-2α may differentially regulate the major angiogenic factors in different stages of the tumor process in NSCLC. HIF-2α may play a dominant role in tumor angiogenesis and appears to be of obvious value as a significant prognostic factor in NSCLC.

Adult ; Aged ; Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Microvessels ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Thymidine Phosphorylase ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of 3-(4-~(18)F-fluorobenzyl)-8,9-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochromeno [3,4-c]pyridin-5-one ( is F-FDTP) as a potential dopamine D4 receptor PET imaging agent.Methods ~(18)F-FDTP solution in ethanol-physiological saline was incubated with calf serum to test its in vitro stability through the determination of radiochemical purity.Normal rats were injected intravenously with ~(18)F-FDTP and then sacrificed at 2,5,10,15,30,60 and 120 min after anesthesia.Blood,organs and brain tissue samples were collected.All samples were weighed and measured for radioactivity.The uptake of samples was expressed as percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue ( % ID/g).Results The stability of ~(18)F-FDTP was satisfactory and its radiochemical purity was above 95% after incubation 120 min at 37℃ in calf serum.The biodistribution showed that ~(18)F-FDTP could penetrate through the blood-brain barrier and selectively accumulate in striatum,hypothalamus,frontal certex,hippocampus,cerebellum,where the D_4 receptor was reportedly located.The radioactivities in hippocampus,hypothalamus,striatum,frontal cortex,cerebellum,pons were (0.42±0.03),(0.46±0.05),(0.54±0.04),(0.39±0.04),(0.45±0.06),(0.35±0.04) %ID/g,respectively,2 min post injection.And there was difference between the normal biodistribution results and the blocking experimental results:(0.36 ±0.05),( 0.33±0.05 ),(0.55±0.05 ),(0.30±0.07 ),(0.34±0.07 ) and (0.32±0.04) % ID/g in hippocampus,hypothalamus,striatum,frontal cortex,cerebellum and pons,respectively.Conclusions ~(18)F-FDTP can penetrate through the blood-brain barrier and selectively accumulate in striatum,hypothalamus,frontal cortex,hippocampus,cerebellum,where the D_4 receptor was known to concentrate.These preliminary results suggest that ~(18)F-FDTP is a potential dopamine D_4 receptor imaging agent and further studies are needed.

【Objective】 To establish a simple, economical and rapid method for the determination of methylene blue (MB) release in virus inactivation bag. 【Methods】 Based on the fluorescence energy transfer between MB and BSA-stabilized gold nanoclusters (BSA-AuNCs), the standard curve of MB determination was established by measuring the fluorescence quenching degree of MB to BSA-AuNCs in different concentrations to conduct the determination of MB release in virus inactivation bag. 【Results】 There was a good linear relationship between the MB concentration (cMB) and the fluorescence quenching degree of BSA-AuNCs[ (I0-I)/I0=0.018cMB+ 0.021(r=0.996)] when the fluorescence emission wavelength was about 620 nm and the cMB was in the range of (0.9-36) μmoL/L. The recovery of MB was 98.00% -101.95 % when applied to determine MB at high, medium, and low concentrations, the obtained intra-day variation coefficients were 0.73%, 0.81% and 0.77% respectively, and the obtained inter-day variation coefficients were 3.92%, 3.81%, and 4.73% respectively. There was no significant difference between the results measured by this method and those measured by combination of solid-phase extraction and spectrophotometry(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The fluorescence energy transfer method could achieve simple and rapid determination of MB release in virus inactivation bag with accurate and reliable results.

【Objective】 Tostudy the effect of ABO blood group on the FⅧ∶C and Fib content in human plasma, so as to provide the oretical guidance for the quality control of fresh plasma products and the establishment of relevant quality standards. 【Methods】 Samples determined included fresh plasma collected and fresh plasma separated manually. The FⅧ∶C and Fib content were determined by coagulation method. The exon6 of ABO gene was amplified and sequenced to determine the genotype. 【Results】 The FⅧ∶C in fresh plasma collected was (147.421±45.773)%, and that in fresh plasma separated manually was (119.083±35.130)%, showing significant differences(P<0.05). The Fib content in fresh plasma collected was (2.252±0.381)g/L, and that in fresh plasma separated manually was (2.324±0.470)g/L, with no significant differences observed (P>0.05). The FⅧ∶C in non-O type (A, B, AB type) fresh plasma collected and fresh plasma separated manually were (167.048±40.862)% and (129.251±33.503)%, respectively, significantly higher than that in O type fresh plasma collected and fresh plasma separated manually as(121.386±38.632)% and (91.589±22.328)%, respectively. The Fib contents in non-O type fresh plasma collected and fresh plasma separated manually were (2.242±0.385)g/L and (2.329±0.472)g/L, respectively. The Fib contents in O type fresh plasma collected and fresh plasma separated manually were (2.287±0.370)g/L and (2.307±0.462)g/L, respectively, and no significant difference was noticed (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 There was no significant correlation between Fib content and ABO blood group, while FⅧ∶C was significantly correlated with ABO blood group. In the preparation and quality control of FⅧ related blood products, the effect of ABO blood group on the FⅧ∶C should be considered, and the quality standard of FⅧ in plasma products should be established based on the ABO blood group.

The purpose of this investigation is to improve ethanol production and decrease acetate formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain YS2-?adh2.The strain YS2-?adh2 with deleted alcohol dehydrogenase Ⅱ(adh2) gene was isolated in our lab with higher ethanol production than that of the strain YS2.The ace-taldehyde dehydrogenase Ⅵ(ald6) gene encoded a cytosolic acetaldehyde dehydrogenase,a key enzyme of the pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDH) bypass,transfers acetaldehyde to acetate.To disrupt ald6 gene of the strain YS2-?adh2,ald6 gene targeting cassettes were synthesized by long flanking homology PCR(LFH-PCR) and then were transformed into YS2-?adh2 mutants by LiAc/SS Carrier DNA/PEG method.Positive transformants were selected with G418 and further confirmed by PCR.Once correctly integrated into the genome,the selective marker was rescued by transforming the plasmid pSH65 into the positive transformants and inducing the Cre expression with a Cre/loxP-mediated marker removal procedure.We named the ald6 gene knocked-out strain as YS2-?adh2-?ald6 which has a 12.5% higher ethanol production and a 18% lower acetate formation compared to the strain YS2.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and reliability of the measurement of critical anatomic landmarks of endoscopic endonasal anatomy of pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa using multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT), and to illustrate the spatial relationship of the surgical landmarks in pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa through an endoscopic endonasal view and radiological images. Methods Included in this study were eleven fixed cadaver heads (22 pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa), which were prepared from MSCT scans for establishing a spatial coordinates system to calculate the radiological anatomic data and attaining 3D reconstruction image, and also were anatomically dissected to get anatomic data. The anatomic data in two groups were compared, the endoscopic and radiological images of the same regions acquired during the endoscopic endonasal approaches observed.Results The distance ((-x) ± s) from nasal columella to sphenopalatine foramen, pterygoid canal, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, carotid canal, foramen lacerum in radiological group were:(68.83±3.00), (72.49±2.88), (75.26 ±3.14), (88.55±5.00), (95.19±4.31), (106.76±3.77), (88.16 ±2.87) mm and in anatomic group were: (68.90 ±3.04), (72.73 ±3.08), (75.44 ±3.07), (89.75 ±4.13), (96.22±3.37), (106.68 ±3.75), (88.47 ±2.64) mm. There was no statistical difference between two groups(t value were -0.856, -1.134, -0.920, - 1.923, - 1.903,2.820 and 1.209, respectively, all P > 0.05 ). Sphenopalatine foramen, pterygoid canal, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, foramen lacerum, carotid canal were the corresponding anatomic structures in endoscope and radiology, which provided the surgeons with anatomic landmarks to identify the spatial relationship of the surgical structures in pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa.Conclusions MSCT measurements of anatomic landmarks are feasible and reliable, can be used in clinical individualized surgery. The corresponding anatomic structures of endoscopic and radiological landmarks provide useful reference to surgeons when operating in these areas through an endoscopic endonasal approach.

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics and biomechanical mechanism of riding injuries involving bicycles collided by motor vehicles. METHODS: The real traffic accident cases of bicycles collided by motor vehicles, including the information of scenes, bicycles, motor vehicles, rider wounds and traffic directions, were collected. Retrospective method was used to study these riding injuries. In addition, typical cases were selected to simulate traffic accident courses with computer simulation software, and the dynamic data like acceleration, force, moment were cxtracted to compare with those in the real cases. RESULTS: There were no difference of occurring frequency between cases with or without riding injuries, as well as between one-side-collision and front- or back-collision. The riding injuries seemed less in accidents involving large-scale vehicles. The frequency of riding injuries increased with vehicle speed. The wound location was low on collision side and high on opposite. CONCLUSION Analysis of riding injury characteristic in traffic accidents and their biomechanical mechanism would be helpful for estimation of traffic manner.
Accidents, Traffic ; Area Under Curve ; Bicycling/injuries* ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Leg Injuries/pathology* ; Models, Theoretical ; Motor Vehicles ; Perineum/injuries* ; Retrospective Studies ; Wounds and Injuries/pathology*

【Objective】 To detect the anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody levels in convalescent plasma (CP) and to evaluate whether it has specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antigen effect, so as to provide laboratory data support for clinical use of CP. 【Methods】 Nine CP donors who have recovered from COVID-19 were studied, and 4 volunteers who completed the vaccination and 3 asymptomatic infected blood donors were compared. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies including total antibody, IgM and IgG were measured by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassays (CMIA) test in three groups. The VSV pseudovirus-based neutralization assay for evaluating neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was carried out in all samples. 【Results】 All samples were tested positive by the total antibody and IgG CMIA in COVID-19 CP donors and recipients of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. High titers of IgG were observed in CP donors and vaccine recipients compared with asymptomatic blood donors. All vaccine recipients and 8 of 9 CP donors tested positive by SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus-based neutralization test, whereas all asymptomatic blood donors tested negative. 【Conclusion】 The levels and characteristics of neutralizing antibodies among COVID-19 CP donors, vaccine recipients and asymptomatic blood donors were different. When unable to implement the pseudovirus assay to measure neutralizing antibodies, the detection of total antibody can be considered instead.