OBJECTIVETo explore the application of sinusitis mixture (SM) in endoscopic sinussurgery, thereby improving clinical curative rate of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps.

METHODSA totalof 50 chronic sinusitis patients were equally assigned to the experimental group (nasal douching by SM)and the control group (nasal douching by Compound Sodium Chloride Injection). Mucosa tissue 0.1 cmbefore natural opening was collected before surgery, at week 4, 12, and 24 after surgery. Changes ofmucosa cilia cells, goblet cells, stroma of mucosal membrane, inflammatory cells, and mucous glandwere observed. The numbers of goblet cells in the upper epithelia and ciliated cells, as well as their ratioswere calculated.

RESULTSThere was statistical difference in cavity cleaning time, cavity mucosal epithelization time, numbers of goblet cells in the upper epithelia and ciliated cells, as well as their ratio between the two groups (t = -2.342, -2.015, -2.145, respectively; P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSM could effectively promote and accelerate cleaning and mucosal epithelization of functional endoscopic sinus surgery, and significantly promote mucosal ciliary structure and function recovery of ostium-meatus nasicomplex.

Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endoscopy ; Epithelium ; pathology ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; cytology ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; surgery

Objective To study the three-dimensional topography of the hepatic vein(HV),the inferior vena cava(IVC)and the inferior right hepatic vein(IRHV)in the retrohepatic and pre-IVC tunnel in human beings,and to provide an anatomic reference for liver surgery.Methods One hundred and ten volunteers underwent CT scanning at 60 to 75 s after injection of contrast medium,and their HV,IVC and IRHV were reconstructed into MPR and 3D-MIP images.The hepatic veins were grouped according to the way by which the hepatic vein enters IVC.The angle between the right hepatic vein and the middle hepatic vein or the trunk of hepatic vein was measured,and the width from right hepatic vein to middle hepatic vein or to the trunk of hepatic vein on IVC was recorded.The frequency of IRHV was observed,and the length of the tunnel was measured.Results Among the 110 volunteers,there were 6 cases(5.45%)with three hepatic veins respectively entering IVC,98 cases(89.10%)with right hepatic vein and a common trunk of the middle hepatic vein and the left hepatic vein entering IVC,and 6 cases(5.45%)with left hepatic vein and a common trunk of the right hepatic vein and the middle hepatic vein entering IVC.The mean value of the angles between the right hepatic vein and the middle hepatic vein or the trunk of hepatic vein was(55? 18)?.The width from the fight hepatic vein to the middle hepatic vein or to the trunk of hepatic vein was (21?7)mm.The IRHV was observed in 30 cases(27.27%).The mean value of the tunnel length was (53?11)mm.Conclusion The parameters of the retrohepatic and pre-IVC tunnel in human beings can be measured accurately by the imaging of MPR,which can provide an anatomic reference for the liver surgery.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), also called presenile dementia, is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in elderly people. The main pathological features of AD include senile plaques (SPs), neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neuron loss. A biomarker is a characteristic that can be objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention. Class biomarkers of AD such as Abeta and phosphorylated tau have been widely used in clinical diagnosis of AD patients. Recently, novel technologies like proteomics, genomics, and imaging techniques have expanded the role of a biomarker from early diagnosis to monitoring the progression of diseases and evaluating the response to various treatments. In this article, we will review the progress of various biomarkers of AD.
Adipokines ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Alzheimer Disease ; cerebrospinal fluid ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Biomarkers ; analysis ; Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Lectins ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Peptide Fragments ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Phosphorylation ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Presenilins ; analysis ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin ; blood ; tau Proteins ; cerebrospinal fluid

OBJECTIVETo study the value of three-dimensional 64-slice helical computer tomography (64-MSCT) in diagnosis and surgical treatment on diseases of digestive system.

METHODSFrom November 2005 to August 2006, 64-MSCT was performed on 102 patients suspected of digestive diseases to display foci of infection, hepatic conduit, biliary-pancreatic duct and portal venous system, followed by three-dimensional reconstruction of those targets. The reconstructed images as well as the data obtained from the reconstruction were compared with the surgical results.

RESULTSTwenty-five of 27 patients with portal hypertension (PHT) showed blur-free imaging of main portal vein (MPV) while the other 2 cases showed congenital cavernous transformation or thrombogenesis of MPV. Compensatory circulation of portal venous system was displayed satisfactorily in 27 cases. The three-dimensionally reconstructed images of 34 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) demonstrated no invasion of tumors into the tissues and blood vessels of 23 cases, visible invasion into portal vein and hepatic veins of 9 cases, tumor embolus in portal veins of 1 case, and arterio-venous fistula in only one case. The 3D imaging of biliary passages displayed total concretion, tumor and constrictive or dilated biliary-pancreatic duct and bile duct around amphi-obstruction, which complied with the operations research of calculus of bile duct in 25 cases, cholangiocarcinoma in 5 cases, and cancer of pancreas in 5 cases. Operations research in accordance with the 3D reconstructed imaging accorded with imaging diagnosis in respect of PHT, HCC and diseases of biliary-pancreatic system at the rates of 100%, 97% and 100%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThree-dimensional 64-MSCT displays foci of infection and constructions of biliary-pancreatic duct and hepatic conduit stereoscopically.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Digestive System ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Digestive System Diseases ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) lljinskaja.METHODS The ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract from C.paliurus leaves was isolated and purified by silica,ODS and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by spectral data.RESULTS Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as (6S,7R,8R)-7α-[(β-glucopyranosyl) oxy] lyoniresinol (1),lyoniside (2),(-)-lyoniresinol 3 α-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (3),dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4'-O-β-D-glucoside (4),kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (5),kaempferol-3-O-α-L-(4"-Z-p-cumaroyl)-rhamnoside (6),naringenin (7),4'-hydroxywogonin (8),1-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(4"-hydroxyphenyl)-4-hepten-3-one (9),grasshopper ketone (10),p-hydroxybenzoic acid (11).CONCLUSION Except for compounds 5,11,all the compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective To investigate the CT findings of Madelung's disease in the head and neck region,and to evaluate the value of CT in demonstrating the Madelung's disease in the head and neck region.Methods CT findings of Madelung's disease in the head and neck region in 7 cases were analyzed retrospectively.All were males,with the age from 36 to 60 years,mean 51 years.All patients were underwent CT native scan,and enhanced CT scan was performed on 3 of them.Results CT images in the neck of all patients showed accumulation of nonencapsulated fat within the subcutaneous tissue and(or) deep to the platysma,and(or)within the spaces between the muscles.The fat deposits were ill-defined and symmetrical.In most cases the fat deposits involved the anterior part of the neck(infrahyoid and suprahyoid),submandibular region,the subcutaneous tissue of the nape and deep to the stenomastoid muscles.Conclusions Madelung's disease in the head and neck region have characteristic CT findings,and CT has great value in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis in Madelung's disease.

Objective: To explore the effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on myocardial structure and function in exercise-induced fatigue rats. Methods: A 12-week treadmill running training was performed to create an exercise-induced fatigue rat model. Sixty eligible male specific-pathogen-free grade Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a control group, a model group, a non-meridian non-acupoint group, a Zusanli (ST 36) group and a Shenque (CV 8) group, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in the blank group did not receive treadmill running training or moxibustion. Rats in the control group did not receive treadmill running training but received mild moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8). Rats in the model group received treadmill running training but no moxibustion. Rats in the non-meridian non-acupoint group, the Zusanli (ST 36) group and the Shenque (CV 8) group received moxibustion at the non-meridian non-acupoint points, Zusanli (ST 36) or Shenque (CV 8) immediately after each treadmill running training, 15 min each time, once a day for 5 consecutive days a week at a 2-day interval, 60 times of moxibustion in total. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESd), left ventricular diastolic volume (LVDv), left ventricular systolic volume (LVSv), ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), early diastolic peak flow velocity of mitral valve (E) and late diastolic peak flow velocity of mitral valve (A) of each group before and after the last treadmill running training were measured. Blood was collected 6 h after the last treadmill running training, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP), myoglobin (Mb), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels were detected. Finally, the heart was separated, the heart mass (HM) was measured, the cTnT level of the myocardial tissue was detected, the ultrastructural changes of the left ventricular myocardium were observed by transmission electron microscope, the left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS), E/A and heart mass index (HMI) were calculated. Results: Compared with the same group before treatment, the rat cardiac LVEDd, LVESd, LVDv, LVSv, SV, E and A were significantly increased (all P<0.01), and the rat LVFS, E/A and EF were significantly decreased (all P<0.01) in the model group and the non-meridian non-acupoint group after treatment; the rat cardiac SV, LVDv, LVSv, E and A were all increased (all P<0.01), while E/A and EF were decreased (all P<0.01) in the Zusanli (ST 36) group after treatment; the rat cardiac LVDv, E and A were significantly increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and E/A was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the Shenque (CV 8) group after treatment. After treatment, compared with the blank group, the rat cardiac LVEDd, LVESd, SV, LVDv, LVSv, E, A, the serum CRP, Mb, CK-MB, cTnI, cTnT and HMI, and the myocardial cTnT were increased (all P<0.01), and the LVFS, E/A and EF were all reduced (all P<0.01) in the model group; compared with the model group and the non-meridian non-acupoint group, rats in the Zusanli (ST 36) group and the Shenque (CV 8) group showed decreased LVEDd, LVESd, SV, LVDv, LVSv, E, A, serum CRP, Mb, CK-MB, cTnI, cTnT and HMI, and myocardial cTnT (P<0.01 or P<0.05), along with increased LVFS, E/A and EF (all P<0.01); compared with the Zusanli (ST 36) group, Mb and A of the Shenque (CV 8) group were decreased (both P<0.01), while both E/A and EF were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05). Transmission electron microscopy examination showed that myofibrils in the blank group and the control group were neatly arranged with clear light and dark bands; the model group and the non-meridian non-acupoint group showed different degrees of myofibril disintegration and breakage, increased and aggregated mitochondria of different sizes, and increased electron density. The myofibrils in the Shenque (CV 8) group and Zusanli (ST 36) group were arranged neatly with clear light and dark bands, and compensatory hyperplasia of mitochondria. Conclusion: Moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) and Zusanli (ST 36) both can effectively improve the occurrence of myocardial remodeling in exercise-induced fatigue rats, and the effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) is better in improving cardiac function.

AIMTo study the effect of aspirin on chronic hypoxia and hypercapnic pulmonary hypertension.

METHODSSD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (A), hypoxic hypercapnic group (B), hypoxic hypercapnia + aspirin group (C). The concentration of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1alpha in plasma and in lung were detected by the technique of radioimmunology.

RESULTS(1) mPAP was significantly higher in B group than those of A and C group. Differences of mCAP were not significant in three groups. (2) Light microscopy showed that WA/TA (vessel wall area/total area) and PAMT (the thickness of medial smooth cell layer) were significantly higher in B group than those of A and C group. (3) The concentration of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1alpha in plasma and lung as well as the ratio of TXB2/6-keto-PGF1alpha were significantly higher in rats of B group than those of A and C group.

CONCLUSIONAspirin may inhibit hypoxic hypercapnia pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vessel remodeling.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha ; metabolism ; Animals ; Aspirin ; pharmacology ; Carotid Arteries ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Epoprostenol ; metabolism ; Hypercapnia ; physiopathology ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thromboxane A2 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of leukoaraiosis on conscious disturbance in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

METHODSA follow-up study including 138 patients with acute cerebral infarction matched with the diagnostic criteria of the Forth Cerebrovascular Disease Conference, were carried out. Patients were divided into two groups, using MRI to estimate the white substance process around cerebral ventricle, including 78 of them with leukoaraiosis and 60 without leukoaraiosis were followed up using Glasgow coma scale scores and England OCSP classification in 1 month, 3 month and 6 month after onset.

RESULTSThe independent factors of conscious disturbance included leukoaraiosis (OR = 5.294, 95% CI: 1.451-19.318), and OCSP classification (TACI and POCI especially) (OR = 14.489, 95% CI: 4.121-50.934). At the initial, the first month and the third month of the stroke episodes, significant difference (P < 0.05) was noticed when using Glasgow coma scales, and the scales in leukoaraiosis group was lower than the control.

CONCLUSIONTACI and POCI in OCSP classification were independent risk factors of conscious disturbance, and leukoaraiosis was also the independent factor. The incidence of conscious disturbance after stroke in patients with leukoaraiosis were lower than in that without leukoaraiosis. On the other hand, the degree of conscious disturbance was more serious and slower than those without leukoaraiosis, suggesting that the effect of leukoaraiosis was duplicate for conscious disturbance. Because patients with leukoraiosis had tolerance of chronic cerebral ischemia. The number of patients with conscious disturbance after stroke was fewer relatively. Leukoaraiosis had inactive effect for amelioration of conscious disturbance after three months of the episode. The grouping of OCSP played a primary while leukoaraiosis playing a secondary role, despite the patients with or without conscious disturbance after stroke.

Aged ; Brain ; pathology ; Brain Ischemia ; complications ; Consciousness Disorders ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukoaraiosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; complications

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possibility of dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) in rabbit models of implanted hepatic VX2 tumor.

METHODSMRI and PWI images were obtained from 16 rabbit models of implanted hepatic VX2 tumor and 4 normal rabbits at 14, 18, 22, and 26 days after tumor implantation, respectively, and the mean time to enhancement (MTE) and maximum slope of increase (MSI) were estimated and compared with pathological changes.

RESULTSIn the rabbit models of implanted hepatic tumor the MTE tended to increase and MSI to descend 14, 18, 22, and 26 days after tumor implantation, showing significant differences from the control group. Coagulation necrosis and fibrous hyperplasia in the tumors appeared to progress with time as found pathologically.

CONCLUSIONDynamic MR PWI quantitative analysis of rabbit models of implanted hepatic VX2 tumor provides valuable means for observing the growth behaviors of VX2 tumor and may be clinically applicable in the evaluation of hepatic diseases.

Animals ; Contrast Media ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; methods ; Male ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation