Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective:To investigate the in vivo absorption kinetics of caffeine at different intestine segments in rats.Methods: The rat intestine was cannulated for in situ recirculation.The absorption kinetics of caffeine,including the absorption segments of intestine,drug concentration and pH value,were investigated in all the rats under light anesthesia.Ultraviolet light spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to determine the concentrations of phenol red and caffeine,respectively.Results: The absorption rate constants(Ka) of caffeine in the small intestine at the concentrations of 2.5,5,10 and 25 mg?L-1 were 0.252,0.247,0.304 and 0.232 h-1,respectively.The Ka values at pH of 7.8,6.8,and 5.4 were 0.267,0.274 and 0.247 h-1,respectively.The Ka values in the duodenum,jejunum,ileum,and colon were 0.112,0.099,0.095 and 0.069 5 h-1,respectively.Conclusion: Concentration and pH value have no obvious effect on the absorption kinetics of caffeine.Caffeine can be better absorbed in the duodenum,jejunum and ileum than in the colon.The absorption of caffeine in the intestine is a first-order process through passive diffusion mechanism.

Vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) have presented a new kind of anti-cancer drug in recent years. VDAs take advantage of the weakness of established tumor endothelial cells and their supporting structures. In contrast to anti-angiogenic therapy, which inhibits the outgrowth of new blood vessels, vascular targeting treatments selectively attack the existing tumor vasculature. Here we summarized the anti-tumor activities, mechanisms and clinical applications of small molecule VDAs.

Objective To investigate the effects of children's mentality on mental symptoms during recovery period of ketamine anesthesia. Methods According to the mentality, forty-five children undergoing smalminor surgery were assigned into active group, stable group and fretful group with 15 cases each. Child was anaesthetized by ketamine alone. RP, BP, HR and SpO_2 were recorded at the end of operation, 5,10 and 30 min after operation. Meanwhile the expression, feeling, behavior, talking and activity were observed. Results RR, BP, HR in active group and fretful group were significantly higher than those in stable group. There was a significant difference in the expression, feeling, behavior, talking and activity among three groups. Conclusion Children's mentality has a significant effect on mental symptoms and hemodynamics during recovery period of ketamine anesthesia.

Adult ; China ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Health Services ; Pneumoconiosis ; prevention & control ; Universal Precautions

Objective To study on the relationship between plasminogen and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and explain the molecular mechanism of depression ,then provide new clew for diagnosis and treatment of depression .Methods The chronic unpredictable mild depression rat mode was established ,then depression symptoms including absence of delight ,the decline of actions and activities ,and weight reduction of rat were tested .The levels of individual plasminogen and BDNF in hippocampus were determined by Western blot .Results The expression of BDNF and plasminogen in depression rat mode and control group was significantly different(P<0 .01) ,and there was a positive correlation between BDNF and plasminogen(r=0 .65 ,P<0 .01) .Accord-ing to the linear-regression analysis ,there was a dependence relationship between them(r2 =0 .423) .The equation of regression was YBDNF=0 .750XPlasminogen +0 .201 .Conclusion Stress could affect the growth and survival of nerve cell ,which lead to the depression behavior of rats ,meanwhile ,the decline of plasminogen and BDNF levels ,the positive correlation between them illustrate that plas-minogen and BDNF take part in the mechanism of depression .

AIM: To investigate the effects of fenofibrate on angiotensin Ⅱ ( AngⅡ)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy .METHODS:Primary neonatal cardiomyocytes were pretreated with fenofibrate (10μmol/L) for 1 h followed by stimulation with AngⅡ(100 nmol/L).The mRNA levels of ANF, BNP andβ-MHC were measured by real-time PCR. Western blotting was employed to determine the nuclear translocations of NFATc 4 and p65-NFκB.Co-immunoprecipitation was used to investigate the interaction of NFATc 4 with p65-NFκB in the nucleus of cardiomyocytes .In addition, the DNA binding activity of NFATc4 on the BNP promoter was determined by EMSA .RESULTS:Fenofibrate significantly inhibited AngⅡ-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy .Fenofibrate treatment inhibited the nuclear translocations of NFATc 4 and p65-NFκB, as well as the interactions of NFATc 4 with p65-NFκB in the nucleus of cardiomyocytes induced by AngⅡ.Fenofi-brate inhibited the binding activity of NFATc 4 with the BNP promoter , which was strengthened by AngⅡ.CONCLU-SION:Fenofibrate enhances the interaction of NFATc 4 with PPARα, decreases the interaction of NFATc 4 with p65-NFκB in the nucleus of cardiomyocytes , and inhibits the DNA binding activity of NFATc 4 induced by AngⅡ, which may be the important mechanisms of fenofibrate on inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy .

Objective To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and endogenous androgens at early and late phase of postmenopause.Methods A total of 105 women with early postmenopause (≤5 years since menopause) and 107 women with late postmenopause (≥ 10 years since menopause) were enrolled in this study.In the mean time,those women were classified into normal weight [body mass index (BMI),BMI ＜24 kg/m2] group and overweight (BMI≥24 kg/m2) group.Sex hormonebinding globulin (SHBG),testosterone (T),dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S),fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting insulin (FINS)levels were measured and then calculated free androgen index(FAI) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).The relationship between sex hormones and insulin resistance was analyzed by partial correlation and multiple linear regression analyses.Results Compared to early postmenopausal women,late postmenopausal women had higher FINS [(7.9 ± 6.6) mU/L versus (6.6 ±4.0) mU/L] and HOMA-IR(2.1 ± 1.9 versus 1.7 ± 1.1),but they had lower DHEA-S [(0.9 ± 0.5) mg/L versus (1.1 ± 0.5) mg/L,all P ＜ 0.05)].Both in early postmenopausal and late postmenopausal groups,overweight women had higher HOMA-IR (early group,2.2 ± 1.0 versus 1.2 ±0.9 ; late group,2.8 ± 2.6 versus 1.6±1.1)and FINS early group[(6.9±2.9) mU/L versus (4.6±2.0) mU/L] ;late group [(10.2 ± 9.3) mU/L versus (6.4 ± 3.6) mU/L] than those at women with normal weight group(all P ＜ 0.05).In early postmenopausal group,overweight women had lower SHBG [(52 ±37) nmol/L versus (71 ±37) nmol/L] and higher FAI(2.5 ±2.1) versus (1.3 ± 1.1) than those at normal weight women group(all P ＜ 0.05).In late postmenopausal group,overweight women had higher DHEA-S (1.0 ± 0.5) mg/L versus (0.8 ± 0.4) mg/L (P ＜ 0.05).The analyses suggested that in early postmenopausal group,SHBG was correlated negatively with FINS and HOMA-IR (β =-0.386,P ＜ 0.05 ;β =-0.553,P ＜0.05),DHEA-S was correlated positively with FBG (β =0.348,P ＜ 0.05) in early postmenopausal group.FAI was correlated positively with FBG in late postmenopausal group (β =0.505,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The increased androgenic activities are associated with insulin resistance after of menopause.These correlations are different at different stages of postmenopause,which SHBG levels correlate with high risk of insulin resistance and DHEA-S levels correlates with high blood glucose levels at early postmenopause and FAI correlates with high blood glucose levels at late postmenopause.

Background and purpose:A non-recurrent course is a rare anatomic variation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which is highly predisposed to injury in thyroidectomy. The study was to summarize preoperative judgment and injury prevention of non-recurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) during thyroidectomy.Methods:Preoperative diagnosis and precautions during thyroidectomy were investigated, clinical data from eleven cases of NRLN were analyzed and related literature was reviewed as well.Results:All eleven cases were NRLN of type 1. Among those, the right subclavian artery was found posteriorly to the trachea and esophagus shown by preoperative CT in seven cases. One case who had NRLN injury underwent nerve anastomosis.Conclusion:NRLN is a rare anatomical variation. Preoperative neck CT scan identifies presence of a NRLN, which may reduce the incidence of nerve injures by using intraoperative capsular dissection.

OBJECTIVE To acquire the information about the gene type and epidemic condition of the hospital to provide scientific proof for monitoring and controlling nosocomial infection.METHODS Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) was identified by its resistance to cefoxitin of disk diffusion and mecA PCR,randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) was carried out with the optimization condition.RESULTS The rate of MRSA infection was 72.15% and the main gene type was A in the hospital.CONCLUSIONS The nosocomial infection may exist in the hospital and the hospital must take effective measure to decline nosocomial infection of the MRSA;RAPD is suitable for molecular epidemiology with high powerful discrimination,simplicity and rapidness.