Objective To analyze the manifestation,reason,the processing method of the steel wire implantation with the sereotactic mammography to improve the accuracy of the preoperative positioning.Methods Seventy-nine cases which got the stereotactic steel wire implantation.In 96 lesions, 13 had steel wire displacement.Among them,5 cases got steel wire displacement during the sereotactic process,5 cases got steel wire displacement after the stereotactic process,2 cases got steel wire displacement during the operation,one case did not show the calcification on the postoperative radiography.Results The steel wire displacement occurred in 5 cases during the stereotactic process came from the patients and doctors respectively and the repositioning was needed.The steel wire displacement after the stereoscopic positioning was attributed to the overdose injection of local anesthesia,which led to the mismatch between the depth of Z axis of the mammary gland and the actual depth the computer given,the incorrect method for needle placement,and,neglecting whether the steel wire have got the lesion anchored when pulling out the needle set of steel wire hood,besides,these three kinds of instances above were all exaggerated by the accordion effect.For the displacement within 2 cm,the lesion can be excised toward the pathological change direction according to the position that steel wire prompted and re-place the second steel wire,putting the J-shaped steel wire into the needle hood and taking it out of the body.After repositioning,2 cases had the steel wire prolapse during operation,which resulted from the over-lifting of the steel wire.After placing the steel wire, the radiologist should give an accurate description on the depth and direction to the surgeon and the notch should be taken for incision from the steel wire head end which is proximate to skin.The postoperative specimen from one case had no calcification,which might be related to the condition that the calcification was located in the gland body,which got destruction from the surgical electrical electrotome.The excisionscope should be extended and the short term reexamination is recommended to make sure the complete excision of the calcification.Conclusion It is the gold standard method that implanting the steel wire with the stereotactic mammography to guide the surgical dissecting technique to diagnose non-palpable breast lesion(NPBL).Thorough understanding of the displacement manifestation of implanting steel wire with stereotactic technique and the treatment methods will be helpful in the surgical dissecting guidance.

?Smart phones as a symbol of the mobile Internet appears in college classroom, which is not only a challenge, but also a great opportunities of education information. This paper applied smart phones as the carrier of the Internet into ophthalmology classroom. Smart phones has a lot of features, such as rich teaching resources, diverse learning methods, flexible learning time, collating and recording capabilities and the timely, comprehensive and accurate teaching feedback so on, and could be used in case teaching and interactive teaching. The implementation of smart phones into ophthalmology classroom could inspire the learning enthusiasm of the students, enhance the quality of teaching, eventually improve teaching effects.

OBJECTIVETo explore the main pathogenic factor causing the peptic ulcer of taxi drivers, which provide the basis for its prevention.

METHODS98 taxi drivers were inspected by electronic endoscopy, according to the inspection all cases were divided into ulcers group and normal group. Then various factors were statuses by the logistic regression analysis according to the results of questionnaire.

RESULTSThe prevalence of peptic ulcer of taxi drivers was 52.0%, and logistic regression analysis showed that dining time, taste spicy, meals temperature, smoking,alcohol, mental stress, HP infection and stomach health knowledge were statistically significant (P < 0.05), which would be the risk factors for peptic ulcer of taxi drivers.

CONCLUSIONBy emphasis on diet and lifestyle adjustments, stress regulation on the basis of eradication of HP infection will help the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer of the taxi driver.

Adult ; Automobile Driving ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Peptic Ulcer ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

The effects of injection of adenosine into the renal artery on multi- and single-unit spontaneous discharges of renal afferent nerve fibers were investigated in anesthetized rabbits. The results obtained are as follows: (1) injection of 50, 100, and 200 nmol/kg adenosine into the renal artery increased the renal afferent nerve activity (ARNA) in a dose-dependent manner with unchanged arterial pressure; (2) pretreatment with 8-cyclopenthl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX, 160 nmol/kg), an adenosine A1 receptor antagonist, partly abolished the effect of adenosine; and (3) pretreatment with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME, 0.1 mmol/kg) significantly enhanced the ARNA response to adenosine. The results suggest that injection of adenosine into the renal artery activates ARNA via adenosine receptors in anesthetized rabbits and that nitric oxide may be involved in regulating the activity of renal sensory nerve fibers as an inhibitory neurotransmitter.
Adenosine ; pharmacology ; Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists ; Afferent Pathways ; drug effects ; physiology ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Electrophysiology ; Female ; Injections, Intra-Arterial ; Kidney ; innervation ; Male ; Nerve Fibers ; drug effects ; physiology ; Nitric Oxide ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Renal Artery ; Xanthines ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the optimal doses of X-ray irradiation and plasmid injection in the anti-tumor effect of the pcDNA3. 1-Egr. 1p-p16 gene combined with radiotherapy in vivo. METHODS: We observed the anti-tumor effect of the pcDNA3. 1-Egr. 1p-p16 gene combined with radiotherapy with different doses of X-ray irradiation (2, 10, 20 Gy) and plasmid injection (10, 20, 30 microg) in nude mice with JF-305 pancreatic carcinoma, and detected the expression of p16 in tumor by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The tumor growth rate of the nude mice irradiated locally with 20 Gy X-rays after the plasmid injection was significantly lower (P < 0.05 ) than that of the nude mice irradiated locally with 2 Gy or 10 Gy X-ray 3 days after the irradiation. The tumor growth rate of the nude mice injected locally with 20 microg or 30 microg plasmid was significantly lower (P <0.05 ) than that of the nude mice injected locally with 10 microg plasmid. Both pcDNA3. 1-Egr. 1p-p16 group and pcDNA3. 1-Egr. 1p-p16 +20 Gy group had p16 mRNA expression, but the mRNA level of pcDNA3. 1-Egr. 1p-p16 +20 Gy group was higher than that of pcD- NA3. 1-Egr. 1p-p16 group. CONCLUSION In the pcDNA3. 1-Egr. 1p-p16 gene combined with radiotherapy in vivo the optimal dose of X-ray irradiation was 20 Gy and the optimal dose of plasmid injection was 20 microg. The anti-tumor effect of pcDNA3. 1-Egr. 1p-p16 combined with radiotherapy is better than that of radiotherapy or gene therapy alone, which may be related with the enhanced p16 expression in tumor after the irradiation.
Animals ; Combined Modality Therapy ; DNA ; genetics ; Early Growth Response Protein 1 ; genetics ; Female ; Genes, p16 ; Genetic Therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; therapy ; Recombinant Proteins ; metabolism

Mouse L1210 leukemia cell line is widely used as a model in the study of tumorigenesis, as well as the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs; however, like other suspension cell lines, the mouse L1210 cell line has lowest transfection efficiency, that many barriers exist to study about the structure, function, as well as metabolism in leukemia cells. This study was aimed to obtain higher transfection efficiency of L1210 cell line to facilitate scientific research. The transfection efficiencies of nucleofector and liposome in L1210 leukemia cells were detected by converted fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry using EGFP (enhance green fluorescent protein); cell viability was observed by trypan blue exclusion test. The results showed that the transfection efficiency of nucleofector primarily through reporter gene pEGFP by Amaxa Nucleofector(TM) nuclear transfer apparatus was significantly higher than lipofectamine 2000 transfection, furthermore, in the same cell density (2 × 10(6)/ml) and plasmid content (10 µg), the transfection efficiency of nuclear transfer apparatus default mode A-20 was higher than that of other modes (S-18, T-20). Its survival rate was up to 50.5% after 24 hours. Cell viability of liposome transfection reached to 88% after 24 hours, but the transfection efficiency was lower (< 1%). It is concluded that the nuclear transfer apparatus A-20 transfected L1210 can reach higher transfection efficiency up to 61.6%, which is significantly higher than that of lipofectamine transfection. The survival rate is up to 50.5% well meeting the needs of scientific research. Higher transfection efficiency is helpful for in-depth research about the morphology, functions and pathogenesis in leukemia model L1210, and provides more searching space for the treatment of leukemia diseases.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Nucleus ; genetics ; Cell Survival ; genetics ; Genes, Reporter ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Liposomes ; Mice ; Transfection ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of the overexpression of the ERbeta gene on the penile vascular endothelium of ERbeta knockout (ERbetaKO) mice and its molecular mechanisms.

METHODSWe randomly divided 12 ERbetaKO male mice into groups A (ERbetaKO + TNFalpha + pAdxsi-ERbeta) and B (ERbetaKO + TNFalpha + empty virus), the former treated by pAdxsi-ERbeta adenovirus transfection, the latter with empty virus, and meanwhile both injected intraperitoneally with TNFalpha at 6 microg per kg body weight per d for 14 days. Then we observed the erectile function of the mice by APO, determined the changes of the endothelial markers CD34 and vWF by immunohistochemical staining, and detected the expressions of the relevant molecules in the eNOS-NO pathway by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSCompared with group B, group A showed a significantly increased number of penile erections (0.50 +/- 0.55 vs 2.17 +/- 0.41, P < 0.05), shortened erectile latency ([28.83 +/- 1.33] min vs [24.00 +/- 1.27] min, P < 0.05), enriched CD34 and vWF markers (0.67 +/- 0.52 vs 1.50 +/- 0.55 and 0.50 +/- 0.55 vs 1.33 +/- 0.52, both P < 0.05), elevated expressions of eNOS and Cam (RT-PCR: 1.38 +/- 0.03 vs 1.62 +/- 0.05 and 1.02 +/- 0.09 vs 1.42 +/- 0.05, both P < 0.05; Western blot: 1.27 +/- 0.04 vs 1.55 +/- 0.07 and 0.76 +/- 0.05 vs 0.95 +/- 0.08, both P < 0.05), and reduced expression of caveolin-1 (RT-PCR: 2.13 +/- 0.13 vs 1.72 +/- 0.08, P < 0.05; Western blot: 3.99 +/- 0.16 vs 3.40 +/- 0.14, P < 0.05). The results of RT-PCR were consistent with those of Western blot.

CONCLUSIONThe ERbeta gene protects the penile vascular endothelium via the eNOS-NO pathway.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor beta ; genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mice, Knockout ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; metabolism ; Penis ; blood supply ; metabolism ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical experience in the management of severe postburn scar contracture in the lower extremities.

METHODSThe scars in popliteal fossa and ankle joint were excised. Traction and skin grafting were employed in the management of contracture deformity in these areas.

RESULTSSevere postburn scar contracture deformity in sixty postburn patients could be corrected by constant traction and skin grafting.

CONCLUSIONScar excision and lysis with constant traction might be an optimal method in the management of severe postburn scar contracture deformity of joints in the lower extremities and satisfactory results could be obtained without tendon grafting and elongation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; complications ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cicatrix ; surgery ; Contracture ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Male

The effects of femoral nerve electrostimulation (FNES) on ischemia-reperfused myocardium were examined in the urethane- anesthetized rats to determine whether FNES may provide cardioprotection and to observe the possible mechanism. The area at risk (AR) and infarct area (IA) were determined using Evans blue and nitro-blue tetrazolium staining, respectively. Infarct size (IS) was defined as 100xIA/AR (%). The results are as follows: (1) During 30 min myocardial ischemia and subsequent 120 min reperfusion, the myocardial infarct size occupied (54.96+/-0.82)% of the area at risk. (2) FNES of high frequency (10 V, 100 Hz, 1 ms) significantly reduced myocardial infarct size to (36.94+/-1.34)% (P<0.01), indicating the cardioprotective effect FNES of high frequency on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, while FNES of low frequency (10 V, 10 Hz, 1 ms) had no effect on myocardial infarct size. (3) Pretreatment with either naloxone (5 mg /kg, i.v), a nonselective opioid receptor antagonist, or glibenclamide (5 mg /kg, i.v), a K(ATP) channel antagonist, completely abolished the cardioprotection of FNES (100 Hz) from myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. It is suggested that FNES of high frequency can protect myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion injury. The possible mechanism is that FNES of high frequency may induce the release of opioids from the central nervous system, and the activation of opioid receptors in the heart results in an opening of myocardial K(ATP) channels which can protect myocardium.
Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; methods ; Femoral Nerve ; physiopathology ; Glyburide ; pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; pathology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Naloxone ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Opioid ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo establish a quantitative method for determination of synephrine and N-methyltyramine in Citri Reticulatae.

METHODSamples were extracted with 30% methanol. ODS column was used with methanol-water-sodium dodecyl sulfate (55:45:0.1) as mobile phase. Detection wavelength was 285 nm.

RESULTSynephrine and N-methyltyramine in sample solution were well separated. Linearity of synephrine was good (r = 0.9999) in range of 0.35-11.24 microg. The average recovery was 97.1%, and RSD of repeatability was 1.9%.

CONCLUSIONThis method can be used for quality control of Citri Reticulatae.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Citrus ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Seasons ; Synephrine ; analysis ; Tyramine ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis