Anthracosis ; complications ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; complications ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevention and treatment of pneumonia in patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI).MethodsData of 278 patients with acute traumatic CSCI admitted from 1988 to 2004 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Pneumonia was the major complication following acute CSCI and discovered by radiography during the first 3—33 days after injury. The all cases were nosocomial pneumonia and G- bacilli were main pathogens, particularly pseudomonas aeruginosa. The incidence of pneumonia of patients with score ≤6 according to the criteria of American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) was significantly higher than those with ASIA score >6 (P<0.001).ConclusionThe high incidence of pneumonia in the CSCI is associated with the level and completeness of the injury. The G- bacilli causing nosocomial infection are main pathogens.

Objective To evaluate the pattern of energy metabolism and nutrients intake in patients with chronic viral hepatitis and posthepatitic cirrhosis to effectively direct their nutrition therapy.Methods Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured with open-circuit indirect Jorimetry in 60 patients with chronic viral hepatitis and 60 patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis.Their normal basal energy expenditure (BEE) was predicted by Harris-Benedict equation and energy intake (EI) was determined by diet recall. Correlation between REE and indicators for nutrition assessment was analyzed.Results REE was (77? 21) kJ?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) in 60 patients with pusthepatitic cirrhosis,significantly lower than BEE[(95?16) kJ? kg~(-1)?d~(-1)(P0.05,and their EI was (127?34) kJ?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),1.41?0.43 times as REE,in which PROI was (1.02?0.29) g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),1.31?0.61 times as PROE (0.87?0.34) g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),also indicating a negative nitrogen balance (-2.02?4.07).REE,EI and intake of three nutrients,serum level of albumin and prealbumin (PA) and body weight significantly decreased in patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis,as compared to those in patients with chronic viral hepatitis (P

To silence the expression of K-RASAsn12 in human pancreatic cancer cell line by vector-based RNAi(RNA interference) technique,two single-strand DNA sequences encoding mutant-specific shRNA (short haipin RNA) for K-RASAsn12 were synthesized and then inserted into pSilenCircle. The recombinant plasmid was called pSC-K-RASAsn12. According to the same method, pSC-GFP encoding shRNA for GFP was gained. Both recombinant plasmids were transfected into human pacreatic cancer cell line AsPC-1 and BxPC-3. The expression level of K-RASAsn12 was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. The result indicated that the recombinant plasmid edcoding mutant-specific shRNA for K-RASAsn12 can inhibit significantly the expression of K-RASAsn12 without affection of wild-type K-RAS(K-RASWT)in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line.

Objective To investigate the level of cadmium(Cd)in commercial aquatic products in Xiacheng District, Hangzhou. Methods We randomly collected 293 aquatic products which belonged to six aquatic animals in the markets in Xiacheng District to determine the content of Cd. It was further evaluated by single factor pollution index(PI)according to the standard GB 2762-2017. In 11 samples of swimming crabs, Cd was examined in the different parts. Results There was no significant difference in the content of Cd between the samples collected in the markets and those in the supermarkets. It significantly differed in the samples of different aquatic animals(P < 0.05). The prevalence of Cd that exceeded the standard was as follows: seawater crustaceans(28.6%) > cephalopods(11.1%) > freshwater crustaceans(8.4%) > bivalves(6.9%). However, it was not excessive in the samples of fish. The mean level of Cd in the seawater crustaceans was 0.466 3 mg/kg, which resulted in the proportion of the samples that were excessive being 28.6%. Particularly, the mean level in sea crab was as high as 1.101 mg/kg with the proportion being 66.7%. In the samples of swimming crabs, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of Cd between swimming crab gonads and crab chests or legs(P > 0.05), while no statistical difference between crab chests and legs(P > 0.05). Conclusion The content of Cd in the aquatic products may be excessive in Xiacheng District, which warrants additional regulatory efforts to food safety. The public should reduce the consumption of aquatic products with high content of Cd.

To improve the reliability and credibility of genotyping hepatitis E virus (HEV) and to explore the possibility of unifying standards of HEV genotyping by designing HEV universal primers for amplification of a long genomic fragment of different HEV genotypes. A set of universal primers (HEVuPrimer) was designed based on conserved regions determined by alignment analysis of 82 HEV strains with complete genome in GenBank. HEVuPrimer was compared with a set of previously used primers (MXJ primers) for their sequence-matching to different HEV strains and applied to amplify HEV genomic fragments from HEV reference strains with known different genotypes and clinical serum samples with anti-HEV-IgM by RT-nPCR. HEV genotyping based on the fragments amplified with HEVuPrimer was compared and validated with that based on HEV full genome and fragments obtained with MXJ primers. HEV genotyping by the phylogenetic analysis supplemented with the percent of nucleotide identity of the HEVuPrimer-determined fragments showed good correspondence with that based on HEV full-length genome. In addition, HEVuPrimer was much better than MXJ primers in matching sequences of HEV strains available from GenBank, and was able to amplify all the reference HEV strains with different genotypes. Among 124 samples with anti-HEV-IgM, 60 were positive for HEV RNA determined by a 644bp amplicon of RT-nPCR with the HEVuPrimenr. All the positive isolates belonged to HEV genotype 4 with nucleotide homology of 80.0%-99.9%, and could be further divided into 4 subgenotypes. Moreover, a novel subtype was identified with 6 HEV strains isolated very recently. The RT-nPCR using the HEVuPrimer and phylogenetic analysis of the amplified region provided strong evidences for its feasibility in HEV genetic classification. Our data have new implication for the consensus of genotype classification of HEV.
DNA Primers ; genetics ; Genome, Viral ; genetics ; Genotype ; Hepatitis E virus ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and reliability on the quantitative evaluation of Colles' fracture by multislice CT (MSCT) multiplanner reconstruction (MPR).

METHODSA total of 36 patients with Colles' fracture from July 2011 to July 2014 were investigated in this study. There were 11 males and 25 females with a mean age of (42.5 ± 5.4) years old (ranged 35 to 72 years). All the patients underwent anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films and MSCT scans on wrist joints within 2 days after trauma. Images were sent to the workstation through picture archiving and conserving system (PACS). One associate chief physician independently and respectively measured the dorsal intercalation depth of distal fracture block, palmar angle and dislocation degree of wrist articular surface collapse on anteroposterior and lateral X-ray film and MSCT-MPR. The time interval between the two measurements was 2 weeks. All the data between the first and second measurement on X-ray and MPR and the mean value between the X-ray and MPR was examined with paired t-test. The pearson analyzed their correlation.

RESULTSAmong the 35 cases, 35 cases of palmar angle, 21 cases of intercalation depth and 16 cases of dislocation of wrist articular surface collapse could be measured on both X-ray and MPR. For the above parameters, the first measurement results were (12.5 ± 3.6)°, (4.5 ± 2.1) mm, (3.7 ± 1.6) mm and the second measurement results were (4.8 ± 2.2)°, (6.4 ± 3.6) mm, (2.5 ± 1.2) mm on X-ray films respectively. The first measurement results on MPR were (14.5 ± 5.3)°, (4.2 ± 1.2) mm, (5.7 ± 2.3) mm, and the results were (13.2 ± 2.6)°, (4.7 ± 2.2) mm, (4.6 ± 2.1) mm for the second measurement respectively. The three parameters between the first and second measurement on plain film had statistical difference and low correlation (r = 0.681, 0.640, 0.345, P < 0.05). The data between the first and second measurement on MPR showed that the dislocation degree of wrist articular surface collapse had statistical difference (P < 0.05) and no statistical significance was found for the other two parameters (P > 0.05), with the moderate correlation (r = 0.954, 0.854, 0.642). The three parameters had low or moderate correlation with each other on X-ray (r = 0.454, 0.532, 0.378, P < 0.05), compared with the mean value on MPR.

CONCLUSIONUsing MSCT MPR images may carry on the multiple parameter measurement of Colles fracture, to make quantitative evaluation, and repeated measurement is better reliability.

Adult ; Aged ; Colles' Fracture ; diagnostic imaging ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; methods

OBJECTIVETo identify methods in reducing the prevalence of lactose intolerance in children.

METHODSA hydrogen respiration test (HRT) method was used in screening lactose intolerance (LI) subjects after taking 25 g of lactose among 106 children aged from 10 to 11 years old in a primary school located in the suburban area of Beijing. A cross-design was used to detect the effects of low lactose milk, yogurt and cereal-effect among 68 selected LI children.

RESULTSThe incidence of LI was 80.2% after the children took 25 g of lactose, and after taking a 250 ml of full milk, lactase-fermented milk, coinfected milk, yogurt, or milk with meal, the LI incidences were 21.1% (12/57), 0% (0/25), 6.1% (2/33), 8.6% (3/35) and 13.6% (3/22) respectively.

CONCLUSIONLow lactose milks and yogurt could reduce the LI incidence among LI children significantly.

Animals ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Edible Grain ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lactose ; administration & dosage ; Lactose Intolerance ; diet therapy ; epidemiology ; Milk ; Prevalence ; Students ; statistics & numerical data ; Treatment Outcome ; Yogurt

The ancients highlight taking off the needle slowly. From aspects of proper timing of withdrawing the needle, the safe treatment, treating and keeping the spirit, dealing with the acupuncture accidents, reinforcing and reducing manipulation and strengthening the post-needling sensation, etc. advantages of taking off the needle slowly are described in this paper. So the taking off the needle slowly is worthwhile in clinic.
Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; psychology ; Humans ; Needles ; Sensation

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the growth of mouse bone marrow endothelial cells. Endothelial cell culture medium (Endo-M) was used to culture murine bone marrow endothelial cells. Endothelial cell colonies were counted under microscope by Wright-Giemsa staining. The effect of different concentration of GM-CSF on the proliferation of bone marrow endothelial cells was observed by the formation of endothelial cell colonies, MTT and flow cytometry. The results indicated that the endothelial specific marker vWF was expressed by the colony cells, GM-CSF promoted the proliferation of bone marrow endothelial cell colonies and MTT confirmed the effect of GM-CSF on promoting the proliferation of bone marrow endothelial cells. The result of detecting cell cycle showed that the rate of cells entering into S phase was 9.3% in GM-CSF added group and the rate of cells entering into S phase was 2.1% in control. There was no significant difference in cell growth curve between the first passage and fourth passage. It is concluded that GM-CSF can promote the proliferation of bone marrow endothelial cells, the proliferation potential of bone marrow endothelial cells between the first and fourth passage no significantly changes.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Female ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice