No abstract available.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Humans ; Keratin-17* ; Mutation, Missense* ; Steatocystoma Multiplex*

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) genotypes in Hubei province.

METHODSEpidemiological survey was carried out to HIV-1 carriers who were identified in Hubei province. HIV-1 env V3-V4, gag P17/24 and the first exon of tat region were amplified by nested-polymerase chain reaction(nPCR) .The sequences were determined, and phylogenetic analyses were then performed.

RESULTS4 HIV-1 strains or circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) were identified in Hubei province with subtype B' the predominant which covered 5 kinds of populations including former blood donors, blood receivers, spouses of the infected people, sex workers and their clients, homosexuals, mainly distributed in the areas with many former blood donors. CRF08-BC and CRF01-AE were found distributed in economically more developed cities or southern area of the province, and the major transmission routes was through sexual contact. Only 1 patient, an injecting drug user, was identified having subtype C.

CONCLUSIONSubtype B' was the main epidemic subtypes in Hubei province while CRF08-BC, CRF01-AE and subtype C were also circulating in the province, indicating the transmission of the disease might to become more complex.

China ; epidemiology ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; HIV-1 ; classification ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA

Objective To investigate the characteristic of subtypes and genetic diversity of HIV-1 circulating in Hubei province and its molecular epidemiological linkages with regard to risk factors of viral transmission.Methods plasma samples of 80 diagnosed individuals was characterized.The gene fragments of gag were amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and HIV-1 genotypes were determined based on the nucleotide sequences of gag region.Results Seven HIV-1 group M subtypes or CRF including B,B',G,CRF01-AE,CRF07-BC,CRF08-BC and CRF15-01B were identified.CRF01-AE was found to be the most dominant subtype (48.4％) followed by CRF7-BC (22.6％) and B' (12.9％).Conclusion The data from this study indicate the existence of multiple HIV-1 subtypes or CRFs in Hubei province and the surveillance of HIV-1 gene variation should be paid more attention to.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience of surgical treatment of primary hepatolithiasis.

METHODSTo analyze the clinical data, operation choice, postoperative complications of 2465 cases of primary hepatolithiasis retrospectively.

RESULTSOf the patients, 2034 received external drainage (82.5%) and 431 received internal drainage (17.5%) and 586 were performed adjunctive partial hepatectomy (23.8%). The postoperative complications were found in 211 cases (8.6%) and 17 cases (0.7%) died after the operation. One thousand seven hundred and sixty-seven cases (71.7%) have been followed up for 2 to 25 years, among them therapeutic effect of 1518 cases (85.9%) was excellent or good, 315 cases (17.8%) had residual stone and 115 cases (6.5%) recurred.

CONCLUSIONSIt could decrease the incidence rate of complications, residual stone and recurrence in the patients with hepatolithiasis after surgical therapy to pinpoint the situs of the lithiasis and biliary stricture and managed properly before the surgery.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Child ; Cholelithiasis ; surgery ; Drainage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of CACNA1C that encoded the alc subunit of the L-type calcium channel and the efficacy of calcium channel blocker (CCB,Nifedipine extended release tablet/20 mg/d)in essential hypertension(EH)patients of Han Chinese in Wenzhou.Methods For the enrolled 103 EH patients,Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction(Muhi PCR)and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight MS(MLD1-TOF MS)were performed to detect their genotypes(rs216008,rs1051375,rs2299661,rs10848683,rs215976),blood pressure(BP)after CCB monotherapy was compared among patients with different genotypes.Results(1)Blood pressure was significantly reduced in all patients post CCB(P ＜ 0.05 vs.pre-CCB).(2)Diastolic blood pressure reduction was more significant in subjects with rs2299661 C/C genotype(wild genotype)than in subjects with rs2299661C/G and rs2299661G/G genotype(mutational genotype)[(12.46 ± 7.91)mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)vs.(7.22±8.01)mm Hgand(5.93 ± 9.77)mm Hg,P＜0.05].(3)Systolic blood pressure reduction was more significant in subjects with rs216008 C/C genotype(wild genotype)than in subjects with rs216008 C/T genotype(mutational genotype)[(20.60 ± 12.35)mm Hg vs.(13.62 ±10.21)mm Hg,P ＜0.05].(4)Blood pressure reduction was similar between subjects with genotype of rs1051375,rs10848683 and rs215976.Conclusion EH patients with wild genotype of rs2299661 and rs216008 in CACNA1 C are more likely to be responders of CCB monotherapy.

italic>Polygonum capitatum is a characteristic Miao medicine in Guizhou, commonly used in clinical practice to treat gastrointestinal and urinary tract infections. Research has found that it has good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and its main active ingredient is flavonoids. Lavonoid O-methyltransferase (FOMT) is a key enzyme for oxymethylation modification of flavonoid compounds. In order to understand the function and properties of FOMT protein in Polygonum capitatum, the transcriptome was sequenced by Illumina HiSeq 4000 high throughput sequencing technology. Then, the obtained transcripts were annotated and analyzed, and the whole genome of the FOMT gene family in Polygon capitalis was mined and identified. A total of 99 298 Unigenes were obtained, of which 71 514 were successfully annotated by the public database. In the genome of Polygonum capitatum, a total of 50 FOMT genes were identified. The phylogenetic tree showed that FOMT genes were divided into two subfamilies: caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT). Gene sequence analysis showed that the number of FOMT encoded amino acids ranged from 99 to 1 053 aa, the molecular weight ranged from 11 224.91 to 86 687.42 Da, and the isoelectric point ranged from 4.79 to 9.45. The 50 FOMT family members were hydrophobic proteins. Subcellular localization results showed that 54% of FOMT subfamily CCoAOMT and COMT members were located in cytoplasm and 28% were located in chloroplasts. The FOMT gene was tissue specific and highly expressed in the flowers of Polygonum capitatum, followed by the stems, and the least expressed in the roots. In this study, the FOMT gene family of Polygonum capitatum was identified and analyzed to provide theoretical basis for further study of FOMT function and biosynthesis of methylated flavonoids.

We evaluated the effects of Danggui-Chuanxiong (GX) herb pair with different proportions (1∶0, 3∶2, 1∶1, 2∶3, 0∶1) and preparation methods (water extract W, alcohol extract A, and water-alcohol extracts WA) on vasoactive substances and endothelial cell adhesion molecules in the serum of acute blood stasis in rats. An acute blood stasis model was co-replicated by ice water bath and subcutaneous injection of epinephrine hydrochloride in rats. The expressions of vasoactive substances (arachidonic acid metabolites, coagulation-fibrin system index) and adhesion molecules in the serum were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method; the Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation of those detection indicators; the partial least squares-discriminant analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index method were used to comprehensively evaluate the total effect of GX herb pair samples with different proportions and preparation methods on vasoactive substances and adhesion molecules. The experimental scheme was approved by the Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine. The results showed that GX 1∶1_WA had the strongest effect on the improvement of vasoactive substances and adhesion molecules in the serum of acute blood stasis in rats (the total effect value was 6.96). When extraction method was same, the overall effect of GX 1∶1 had better effect than that of other proportions; when the proportion of GX was same, the total effects of GX_WA and GX_A were better than GX_W. The combination of Danggui and Chuanxiong can significantly improve the expressions of vasoactive substances and adhesion molecules in the serum of blood stasis in rats. But the action strength of GX herb pairs was different when the proportions and preparations of GX herb pair were different. These findings provide a basis for clinical rational application of GX herb pair, and lay the foundation for in-depth research on GX herb pair for treatment of blood stasis related diseases.

This study used UPLC-TQ-MS technology to replicate a Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP) model in rats by administering warm drugs by gavage and injecting ovalbumin with Freund's complete adjuvant emulsion. The distribution differences and characteristics of eight major components(ferulic acid, caffeic acid, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, benzoyl oxypaeoniflorin, tracheloside, loganin, and paeoniflorin) in rat liver, lung, heart, spleen, and kidney tissues were determined after oral administration of the Liangxue Tuizi Mixture at a dose of 42 g·kg~(-1) in both normal physiological and HSP states at 0.5, 1, 2, 6, and 12 hours. The results showed that the distribution patterns of the eight components of Liangxue Tuizi Mixture in the tissues of normal and HSP model rats were different. The main component, paeoniflorin, in Moutan Cortex and Paeoniae Radix Alba had higher content in all tissues. The eight components were predominantly distributed in the liver, lung, and kidney tissues, followed by spleen and heart tissues.
Rats ; Animals ; IgA Vasculitis/drug therapy* ; Monoterpenes ; Administration, Oral ; Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of fight/mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and UNIFI were employed to rapidly determine the content of the components in Liangxue Tuizi Mixture. The targets of the active components and Henoch-Schönlein purpura(HSP) were obtained from SwissTargetPrediction, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM), and GeneCards. A "component-target-disease" network and a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network were constructed. Gene Ontology(GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed for the targets by Omishare. The interactions between the potential active components and the core targets were verified by molecular docking. Furthermore, rats were randomly assigned into a normal group, a model group, and low-, medium-, and high-dose Liangxue Tuizi Mixture groups. Non-targeted metabolomics was employed to screen the differential metabolites in the serum, analyze possible metabolic pathways, and construct the "component-target-differential metabolite" network. A total of 45 components of Liangxue Tuizi Mixture were identified, and 145 potential targets for the treatment of HSP were predicted. The main signaling pathways enriched included resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K-AKT), and T cell receptor. The results of molecular docking showed that the active components in Liangxue Tuizi Mixture had strong binding ability with the key target proteins. A total of 13 differential metabolites in the serum were screened out, which shared 27 common targets with active components. The progression of HSP was related to metabolic abnormalities of glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid. The results indicate that the components in Liangxue Tuizi Mixture mainly treats HSP by regulating inflammation and immunity, providing a scientific basis for rational drug use in clinical practice.
Animals ; Rats ; IgA Vasculitis/drug therapy* ; Network Pharmacology ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Metabolomics