Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical features,diagnostic experience and therapy of pulmonary embolism for reduction of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis,and for improving the cure rate.Methods The data of clinical features,findings by auxiliary examination and therapeutic efficacy of 67 patients with pulmonary embolism admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of General Hospital of PLA were summarized.The usual clinical manifestations were summarized based on the clinical symptoms of and the frequency of objective signs in the patients with the correct diagnosis.Auxiliary examinations included routine and sophisticated examinations such as CT pulmonary angiography(CTPA) and emission computed tomography(ECT),which were specially emphasized for summing up and optimizing the diagnosis.Comparisons were made of the therapeutic efficacy and complications between the treatment with thrombolysis combined with anticoagulation and simple anticoagulation.Results The primary clinical manifestations of the patients with pulmonary embolism included dyspnea,cough,chest pain,fever and hemoptysis,etc.Findings of D-Dimer assay might serve as a sensitive but not specific indicator in screening the suspected patients.For the sophisticated examinations,CTPA confirmed the diagnosis in 28 out of 31(90.32%) patients,and ECT confirmed the diagnosis in 39 out of 51(76.47%).All the patients who had undergone lung angiography received the final diagnosis,but the majority of them were reluctant to accept this examination because of potential risk of the technique.The total cure rate of thrombolysis combining anticoagulation was 90.62%(29/32),in which the administration of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator(rt-PA)-2h was most efficacious(with 100% of cure rate).Simple anticoagulation therapy gave a lower cure rate(68.57%,24/35) but a higher incidence of hemorrhagic complication(31.25%).After the administration of thrombolysis combined with anticoagulation therapy,both PaO2 and CTPA examinations showed significant changes for the better after the treatment compared with that before the treatment(P

Objective To evaluate the effects of nutritional support in patients with ERCP.Methods One hundred and fourteen in patients with ERCP From Apr.2003 to Oct.2008 were reviewed retrospectively,and the clinical value and complications of nutritional support were evaluated.Results One hundred fourteen inpatients examined with ERCP,were divided into two groups;parenteral group(re = 46)and electrolytes treatment group(re = 68).There were no significant difference in length of hospital stay and postoperative complications between the two groups.Electrolytes treatment group had lower relevant hospital cost.Sixty-three patients were fasting 12 hours(eating group),and 51 patients were fasting 24 hours(fasting group).There were no significant difference in cost,length of hospital stay,postoperative complications between the two groups.Conclusions The rate of parenteral nutrition in patients with ERCP were relatively higher,the application of parenteral nutrition was unnecessarily overdose;Early enteral nutrition is safe in successful operating patients.

BACKGROUND:Existing evidence has confirmed that umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel s have an effect on functional recovery of a variety of damaged cel s.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel transplantation on ovarian cancer chemotherapy.
METHODS:Sixty healthy adult female Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, damage group and treatment group (n=20/group). There was no treatment in the control group, and a rat model of ovarian cancer chemotherapy damage was made in the damage group and treatment group. After successful modeling, rats in the control group were given normal saline injection via the tail vein, and those in the damage and treatment groups were given paclitaxel chemotherapy and pacligaxel chemotherapy plus umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel transplantation, respectively. After transplantation of 2 weeks, mRNA and protein expressions of XAF1 and Survivin in ovarian tumor tissues were detected by RT-PCR and western blot assay, respectively. Apoptosis in ovarian cancer cel s were detected using TUNEL method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the damage group, a significant up-regulation of XAF1 mRNA and protein but a remarkable down-regulation of Survivin mRNA and protein were obtained in the treatment group (P<0.05). A severe damage to the ovarian tissues was visible in the damage group, presenting with large hemorrhage and necrosis area. This damage was markedly reduced in the treatment group. Additional y, the apoptotic rate of ovarian cancer cel s was significantly higher in the treatment group than the damage group (P<0.05). Al these findings indicate that umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel transplantation aids in ovarian cancer chemotherapy to promote ovarian tissue repair in rats, and XAF1 and Survivin cannot be ignored in tumor angiogenesis and ovarian cancer cel apoptosis.

] Objective To investigate the effects of midazolam on vascular capacitance during hypovolemic shock in an animal model and the underlying mechanism. Methods Thirty male SD rats weighing 350-450 g were randomly divided into four groups : (1) control group (n = 8);(2) sympathetic nervous system block ( SNSB) group received hexamethonium 10 mg? kg-1(n = 8);(3) SNSB + noradrenaline (NA) group in which NA was infused following hexamethonium until BP returned to baseline (n = 9); (4) hypovolemia group in which 20 ml? kg-1 of blood was withdrawn ( n = 5). The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal ketamine. Spontaneous breathing was maintained. Femoral artery and vein were cannulated for MAP and CVP monitoring. Mean circulatory filling pressure (Pmcf) was measured. Midazolam 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0mg?kg-1 were given iv successively with an interval of at least 20 min between two injections. MAP, CVP, HR and Pmcf were measured and recorded before and 2 min after each midazolam injection. Results In control, SNSB + NA and hypovolemia groups (group 1, 3, 4) midazolam significantly decreased MAP as compared with that before midazolam ( P

BACKGROUND:The combination of anterior and posterior approaches for severe cervical intervertebral disk herniation, posterior longitudinal ligament calcification and ligament flava hyperplasia can completely reduce compression. Simultaneously, cage implantation and anterior plate fixation partial y recover vertebral interspace and physiological curvature of cervical vertebra.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of cervical posterior single-door laminoplasty for cervical spondylosis and anterior cage-assisted fusion on curvature, stability and axial symptoms after treatment.
METHODS:Clinical data of 50 patients, who received surgical treatment for cervical spondylosis, were retrospectively analyzed. 22 cases underwent I-stage spinal decompression by the combination of anterior and posterior approaches (anterior fusion cage+steel plate fixation) (combination group). 28 cases underwent cervical posterior single-door laminoplasty (posterior windowing rivet fixation) (posterior approach group). They were fol owed up for 6 to 24 months. The recovery of neurological function, incidence of axial symptoms, cervical curvature index, and slipping degree of affected intervertebral segments were analyzed statistical y.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The neurological functions were greatly improved according to Japanese Orthopaedic Association in both groups. Incidence of axial symptoms was relatively low in the combination group. Cervical curvature index was obviously improved in the combination group compared with the posterior approach group. The slipping degree of affected intervertebral segments was relatively greater in the posterior approach group than that in the combination group. Results suggested that fusion cage, anterior steel plate and posterior rivet for spinal decompression in I-stage combination of anterior and posterior approaches can effectively maintain cervical physiological curvature and the balance of sagittal level, reduce incidence of axial symptoms, and play a key effect on keeping posttreatment long-period cervical stability.

This article was aimed to study the therapeutic material basis of Xiong-Shao (XS) decoction on hepatic fi-brosis (HF), and screen effective parts from XS decoction for protecting liver, reducing enzyme activity and oxidative damage. Male wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, Fu-Zheng Hua-Y u (FZHY) group, XS group, polysaccharide group, total alkaloids group and the total glycosides group. HF rat model was estab-lished with the intraperitoneal injection of DMN. After modeling, FZHY solution (0.105 g·mL-1), XS decoction (1.610 g·mL-1), crude polysaccharides extract of XS decoction (35.420 mg·mL-1), total glycosides extract solution (25.725 mg·mL-1), and total alkaloids extract of XS decoction (0.196 mg·mL-1) were administered to corresponding treatment group by gavage once a day for 4 weeks, respectively. Rats of the normal group and model group were given equiva-lent normal saline by gavage once a day for 4 weeks. After 4-week drug administration, rats were killed to remove the liver. Automatic biochemical analyzer was used in the detection of serum parameters of liver function, including ALT, AST, TIBL and ALB. Serum SOD activity was detected by xanthine oxidase. GSH-PX activity was tested by DTNB reduction. Serum contents of MDA were measured by TBA. Pathological changes of the liver were observed with HE staining and masson staining. The results showed that compared with the model group, there was no signifi-cant differences between the total alkaloids group and the model group, but levels of serum ALT, AST and TBIL of other treatment groups were significantly decreased, and the serum ALB level was significantly elevated (P< 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, levels of serum SOD and GSH-PX of the FZHY group, XS group and total alkaloids group were significantly elevated (P < 0.01), and level of serum MDA was significantly reduced (P <0.05 or P< 0.01). Comparison among the polysaccharides group, total glycosides group, and model group showed no significant differences. It was concluded that crude polysaccharide and total glycosides fractions were effective parts of XS decoction for protecting liver and reducing enzyme activity. And total alkaloids fraction was the effective part for reducing oxidative damage.

Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most common complication that leads to loss of vision after cataract surgery.Neodymium doped:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd:Yag) laser capsulotomy is a common treatment for PCO, but still associated with several complications.In the past decades, the prevention and treatment of PCO have always been a hot spot of research in ophthalmology.This review will address the advances in the prevention and treatment of PCO in the aspects of surgical techniques and types of intraocular lens (IOL).

Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; methods ; Gene Amplification ; Gene Dosage ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective:This study aimed to identify the morphology of mast cells by using a modified toluidine blue staining scheme,so as to provide a powerful reference for the experimental basis research of mast cells.Methods:Bone marrow-derived mast cells were induced in vitro.After 4 weeks,the cells were collected,fixed,and stained.Mast cells were fixed at different temperature during different time.The optimum condition was determined by comparing the effects of toluidine blue staining.Results:Bone marrow cells were induced to differentiate into mast cells by SCF and IL-3 in vitro.When mast cells were stained with modified toluidine blue staining,the staining effect was better.Mast cells were round or oval and the cell membrane was complete and the cytoplasm was filled with a large number of purple particles.Conclusion:In this study,we successfully applied a modified toluidine blue staining method to mast cells cultured in vitro.The results showed that the condition at 37 ℃ full fixation with staining could reduce the degeneration of mast cells.This method was easy to operate with good stability.It was suitable for the morphological observation of mast cells cultured in vitro.

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria of vaginal discharge in bacterial vaginosis.Methods The results of bacterial culture and drug sensitive tests of vaginal discharge from patients with bacterial vaginosis were analyzed.Results The positive rate of bacteria culture of vaginal discharge was 79.3%(115/145).The dominant bacteria were staphylococcus epidermidis 27.0%(31/115),staphylococcus intermedius and staphylococcus aureus 13.0%(15/115),which were obviously higher than other germs.The drug sensitive tests showed that staphylococcus were relatively sensitive to vancomycin,fosfomycin,amikacin and rifampin.But the drug resistance to penicillin,tetracycline,erythromycin and oxacillin was the highest.Conclusion The kinds of pathogenic bacteria in vaginal discharge are various.The main bacterium is staphylococcus,and drug resistance is very severe.The isolation and drug sensitive test of pathogenic bacteria play an important role in diagnosis and treatment of gynecological disease.