Objective To optimize the extracting conditions of Anchuan Keli. Method Six crude drugs, including Ephedra herb and so on, with the ephedrina hydrochloridum content as the index, extracting times, water volume and extracting time were screened by orthogonal test. Two crude drugs, including Sophora flavescens and so on, with matrine and ammothamnine content as the indexes, alcohol concentration, extracting times, alcohol volume and extracting time were screened by orthogonal test. Result The optimal extracting condition of six crude drugs including Ephedra herb was heat reflux and extracting 2 times (the first time 854 mL, the second time 732 mL), 2 hours for each time using water. The optimal extracting condition of two crude drugs include Sophora flavescens was heat reflux and extracting 2 times (the first time 288 mL, the second time 240 mL), 2 hours for each time using 80% alcohol. Conclusion The extracting technology selected is reasonable, practical and controllable.

This study investigated the conjoined cellular oxidative damage of human embryo kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl(2)) and nanometer titanium dioxide (nano-TiO(2)). RT-PCR technique was used to detect the expressions of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzyme (CAT) and concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and maldondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by different approaches. The results showed that CdCl(2) and nano-TiO(2) at a low concentration of 0.75 total toxic unit (TU) exerted an additive effects on HO-1 gene expression, CAT activities and MDA concentrations. When the total TU was increased to 1 or 1.25 TU, the interaction was synergetic. Moreover, the mixture with high proportion of CdCl(2) produced an additive effect on the OGG1 gene expression, and the interaction was changed to be synergetic when the concentration of CdCl(2) was lower than or equal to that of nano-TiO(2). Synergetic effects of CdCl(2) and nano-TiO(2) on cellular oxidative damage of HEK293T cells were found as indicated by the changes in the SOD activities and ROS concentrations. It was concluded that CdCl(2) and nano-TiO(2) exerts synergistic effects on the cellular oxidative damage of HEK293T cells, and the sensitivity of these indicators of oxidative damage varies with the proportion of CdCl(2) and nano-TiO(2) in the mixture.

Objective To observe the change of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) an d glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in neonatal rats' cerebral cortex with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Methods The 7 day- old SD rats were subjected to the ligation of right carotid artery, then were pu t into a hypoxic box to establish a HIBD model. The immunohistochemical method w as used to detect the expression of NSE and GFAP in rats' cerebral cortex. Results ① The NSE decreased in damaged cerebral cortex in HIBD 24 h group, after 7 days it gradually increased but was still lower than that of the controls. ② The expression of GFAP was limited and scarce in control and it did not change in HIBD 24 h group, while in HIBD 7 d group GFAP expression was increased and spread widely in the damaged cerebral cortex. Conclu sion ① The NSE decreases in damaged cerebral cortex in early stage of neonatal rat HIBD, suggesting that NSE is a specific marker for neuron damage . ② The GFAP increases in damaged cerebral cortex in the recovery stage of neon atal rat HIBD, suggesting that GFAP participates the repair of lesion region.

AIM: To investigate the effect of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODN) on the intercellsular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) expression on endothelial cells in hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R). METHODS: With cultured glomerular vascular endothelial cell in H/R,the positive percentage of ICAM-1 expression was measured by flow cytometry before and after giving AS-ODN. RESULTS: The ICAM-1 expression did not increase on glomerular vascular endothelial cell in 10 hours hypoxia compared to control group,it increased in 6 hours reoxygenation, and decreased by 40.6% after giving AS-OND. CONCLUSION: AS-ODN may decrease the expression of ICAM-1 on endothelial cells in H/R.

AIM: To investigate the effect of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS - ODN) on the intercellsular adhesion molecule- 1 (ICAM- 1 ) expression on endothelial cells in hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R). METHODS: With cultured glomerular vascular endothelial cell in H/R, the positive percentage of ICAM - 1 expression was measured by flow cytometry before and after giving AS - ODN. RESULTS: The ICAM - 1 expression did not increase on glomerular vascular endothelial cell in 10 hours hypoxia compared to control group, it increased in 6 hours reoxygenation, and decreased by 40.6 % after giving AS- OND. CONCLUSION: AS - ODN may decrease the expression of ICAM- 1 on endothelial cells in H/R.

[Objective]This study was designed to explore the dynamic changes of cytokines in the local tissues of radiationinduced oral mucositis in a rat model.[methods]The rat oral mucosal tissues were obtained at 5 d,8 d,and 14 d after irradiation.which were received single X-ray irradiation of 30 Gy locally.RayBio~((R)) Rat Cytokine Array was applied to analyze the 19 cytokines.The mRNA levels of the 8 inflammatory-related cytokines were analyzed by real time-PCR.ELISA was employed to detect IL-1α,IFN-γ,and TIMP-1 protein levels.[Results]Cytokine array detection showed that cytokines such as Frac,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and TNF-α were down-regulated after irradiation.IL-1β,LIX,VEGF,and β-NGF were no obviously changed at the same time corse.The elevate range less than 2 fold of the CINC-2,GM-CGF,Leptin,MCP-1,and MIP-3α after irradiation were detected.The increasing range more than 2 fold of CINC-3,INF-γ,IL-1α,and TIMP-1 post irradiation were detected.The mRNA levels of anti-apoptosis,such as Bcl-2,and TNF-α,IL-6,VEGF,and IL-1β were low down,while the levels of promoting apoptosis cytokine such as Bax,and neutrophil recruitment associated cytokines,CINC,and TLR-9 were up-regulated after irradiation.The ELISA results of IL-1α,IFN-γ,and TIMP-1 were identical with the results of the two previom analyses.[Conclusion]The results of the three methods in the study should present evidences to prove each other.Some cytokines in the local lesion of oral mucositis during the initiate,development,and progression stages were blocked,while others were positively up-regulated to involving the control of the pathogensis of oral mucositis.

Objective To investigate the roles of interleukin(IL)-25,eosinophils in the occurrence of bronchial asthma.Methods Selected 30 cases of acute episode of asthma(asthma group),and ease a group of 23 cases of asthma treatment(remission group),20 cases of the normal control group.Using the method of gradient ultrasonic atomizing inhalation of Hyperosmotic saline collection of induced sputum specimens,by ELISA method for the determination IL-25 level in induced sputum,count of eosinophils,analysis of correlation between them.Results Group IL-25 in induced sputum of asthma and eosinophil levels[(313.12±75.64)ng/L vs(236.43±57.90)ng/L]were sig-nificandy higher than the control group[(0.386±0.267) × 109/L vs(0.005±0.002) × 109/L],and significantly higher than acute stage in remission stage[(268.63 + 40.19) ng/L,(0.120 + 0.016) × 109/L](P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion IL-25 has an important role in asthma development.It provides a new way of thinking for monitoring and treatment.

Objective:To compare the level of dental anxiety and dental behavior between dental fear children with dental treatment under general anaesthesia ( GA) and those under restraint .Methods:The GA group included 31 dental fear children aged 4-6-year-old who received dental treatment under the GA.The restraint group included 31 dental fear children aged 4-6-year-old who received dental treat-ment under the restraint.Age, gender, parent’s education level, decayed-missing-filled tooth (dmft) and face version of the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale ( MCDASf ) score before treatment were matched between the two groups .The Chinese version of MCDAS f was used to evaluate the level of dental anxiety in each child before treatment , right after treatment and before examination at recall visit 2 -3 weeks after treatment .And the Chinese version of Venham Clinical Anxiety and Cooperative Behavior Scale was used to evaluate children ’ s dental behavior in each child before treatment and before examina-tion at recall visit 2-3 weeks after treatment .Results:The average scores of MCDAS f in GA group right after treatment and before recall were lower than that before treatment .The difference was statistically sig-nificant (P<0.05).Furthermore, the average score of MCDASf before recall was lower than those after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The average scores of MCDASf in restraint group right after treatment and 2-3 weeks after treatment were higher than those before treat-ment , but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0 .05 ) .Children ’ s dental behavior was sig-nificantly improved at recall visit in both groups (P<0.01).Conclusion:Dental fear could be reduced by treatment under GA .The children ’ s dental behavior was improved after GA .Restraint did not result in the significant elevation of dental anxiety level , but dental behavior was improved after restraint during the short-term recall.

Aged ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Laryngeal Diseases ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Male ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue

Objective To understand the current situation of dispensary setting and personnel of community health service centers in Pudong New District in Shanghai (hereinafter referred to as Pudong New District).Methods Questionnaire survey covering the 45 community health service centers in Pudong New District was used.Results 42 community health service centers were equipped with TCM dispensaries among the 45 total units (93.3%);12 of them adopted outsourcing mode (26.7%);the average area of community dispensary was (32.3 ± 17.3)m2;the average number of TCM practitioners was 3.5 ± 2.0 people.Conclusion Community health service centers need to increase the allocation area of TCM dispensary and improve qualification of TCM practitioners.