BACKGROUND:Intratubal contraceptive devices are simple and effective, which can cause less interference on female reproductive function and endocrine balance.
OBJECTIVE:To explain the advantages and adverse effects of shape-memory intratubal contraceptive material and other intratubal contraceptive materials.
METHODS:A computer-based search of Wanfang, CNKI and PubMed was performed to search related articles concerning shape-memory intratubal contraceptive material and other intratubal contraceptive materials published from 1996 to 2013.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The main intratubal contraceptive materials include memory metal biomaterials, non-degradable polymer biomaterials, and degradable polymer biomaterials. After implantation, the memory-shape intratubal contraceptive device plays a stimulating role in the tubal epithelium for a short time, but the effect on the mucosal epithelial layer of the fal opian tube is transient. With the increasing time of implantation, inflammatory reactions of the tubal epithelium relieve gradual y with repair of vil i on the tubal wal , indicating there is a reproductive tissue basis of fal opian tube recanalization. Polyethylene materials are characterized as high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, excellent stability to chemical drugs, water absorption, electric insulation, and bioinert, which are used as stent materials of almost al the intrauterine devices. Silicone is characterized as heat resistance, cold resistance, non-toxicity, resistance to biological aging, chemical stability, physical inertia, physical and mechanical properties, and silicone, after implantation into human body, cannot cause foreign body reaction. Polylactic acid has good chemical inertness, biocompatibility and ease of processing, and may be stil present in the body after 5 years of implantation.

Objective　To examine the soluble protein patterns of three ordinary species of cockroaches in Anhui province by SDS-PAGE technique, and to find the method of scientific classification for cockroaches. Methods　The soluble protein liquid was made by the way of freezing and melting homogenate. SDS-PAGE was carried out in the liquid. After using Coomassie brilliant blue G250, the molecular weight of all of protein strips were measured and calculated by standard curve. Results　The numbers of female and male of Periplaneta fuliginosa were 31 strips and 29 strips; the numbers of female and male of Periplaneta Americana were 30 strips and 28strips; the numbers of female and male of Blattella germarica were 28 strips and 25 strips. The number and location of protein bands were different among these species. It was also obvious that the positions of the main protein bands in Blattella germarica were different from those in two Periplaneta species, and the positions of the main protein bands in female insect were different from those in male insect. Conclusion SDS-PAGE can be used as one of classification methods for cockroaches.

Relying on the R3 GF program,the present paper attempts to analyze the standards of multi-sectoral social participation projects design and implementation,to construct the key indicators and to explore the experience and bias,as well as to provide recommendations on how to improve performance and outcomes of small grant projects by multi-sectors.

Based on the development of clinical radiobiology and combined with teaching practice for recent years,we have preliminarily surveyed the teaching reform about this curriculum and proposed some advices about the clinical radiobiology teaching reform.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of DJ-1 protein during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in diabetic rats.Methods Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 220-280 g,were used in this study.Type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin 65 mg/kg and confirmed by fasting blood glucose ＞ 16.7 mmol/L.Forty animals with type 1 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into 3 groups:diabetes group (group D,n =10),diabetic sham operation group (group DS,n =15) and diabetic I/R group (group DIR,n =15).Another 10 non-diabetic rats in which citrate buffer 6 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally were served as control group (group C).Myocardial I/R was produced by occlusion of the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion in group I/R.At 120 min of reperfusion,5 rats were sacrificed and myocardial specimens were c(on)tained for determination of infarct size in groups DS and DIR,and 10 rats were sacrificed and myocardial specimens were obtained for microscopic examination and for determination of cell apoptosis,malondialdehyde (MDA) content,superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and expression of DJ-1 and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) protein.Apoptotic index (AI) was calculated.Linear correlation between the expression of DJ-1 protein and MDA content,SOD activity,AI and expression of PTEN protein was analyzed.Results Compared with group DS,the myocardial infract size was significantly increased in group DIR (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,MDA content and AI were significantly increased,SOD activity was decreased,the expression of DJ-1 was down-regulated,and the expression of PTEN protein was up-regulated in groups D,DS and DIR (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with groups D and DS,MDA content and AI were significantly increased,SOD activity was decreased,the expression of DJ-1 was down-regulated,and the expression of PTEN protein was up-regulated in group DIR (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between groups D and DS (P ＞ 0.05).There was linear correlation between the expression of DJ-1 protein and MDA content,SOD activity,AI and expression of PTEN protein and the correlation coefficients (r) were-0.734,0.593,-0.818,and-0.812 in turn.Conclusion Down-regulation of DJ-1 protein expression is involved in myocardial I/R injury in diabetic rats via decreasing anti-oxidative stress responses and upregulating PTEN protein expression.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between dietary -related behaviors of college students and their health , so as to provide the evidence for the health education for college students .Methods:A question-naire survey was conducted among 2105 college students from Xi′an Jiaotong University with stratified cluster ran-dom sampling .Results:In this survey , college students generally had unhealthy dietary behaviors , cognitive bia-ses of self-images and blind unhealthy weight -losing phenomenon as well .And there was a difference of dieting behaviors between college students of different sex and those of different body mass index .Conclusions:Unhealth-y dietary behaviors of college students were one of the main reasons leading to their abnormal BMI .Hence , it was necessary to improve health ethics education and dietary health guidance for college students , so as to introduce them to consciously assume their own health responsibilities and manage their health .

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol on the liver function of offspring rats de?livered by cesarean section. Methods Twenty?four Sprague?Dawley rats, at 20 days of gestation, weig?hing 230-270 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table: control group (group C), propofol 2.0 mg∕kg group (group P2), propofol 4.0 mg∕kg group (group P4), and propofol 8.0 mg∕kg group (group P8). In P2, P4 and P8 groups, the corresponding doses of propofol were injected intravenously, and the cesarean section was performed at 30 min after loss of righting reflex. In group C, the pregnant rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation at the corresponding time point, and the offspring rats were removed immediately and inhaled oxygen sufficiently. The neonatal rats were sacrificed immediate?ly, and the blood samples were taken from the heart for determination of plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations, and the livers were removed and cut into sections which were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for microscopic examination of the pathological changes. Results Compared with group C, the plasma ALT and AST concentrations in the offspring rats were significantly increased in P2, P4 and P8 groups (P<0.05). Compared with group P2, the plasma ALT and AST concentrations in the offspring rats were significantly increased in P 4 and P 8 groups ( P<0.01). Compared with group P4, the plasma ALT and AST concentrations in the offspring rats were signifi?cantly increased in group P8 (P<0.01). In P2, P4 and P8 groups, marked pathological changes of liver tissues were observed, and the severity was gradually aggravated in turn in offspring rats. Conclusion Propofol can induce damage to the livers of offspring rats delivered by cesarean section in a dose?dependent manner.

AIM: To study the action of JNK in stimulating proliferation in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by interleukin-1?. METHODS: Activation of JNK was detected with Western blotting, while the proliferation of HSCs induced by interleukin-1? and the effect of JNK specific blockade SP600125 were measured with cell counting kit-8. RESULTS: Interleukin-1? up-regulated proliferation in rat HSCs, which was obviously inhibited by SP600125, compared with control group (without SP600125 treatment) (1.560?0.110), the decrease was significant (1.427?0.113, P

Objective To observe the changes in activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in gingival tissue of a chronic periodontitis rat model in normoxia and hypoxia condition, and explore the role of MMP-2 in the development of high altitude periodontal diseases. Methods Thirty-two adult SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (8 each): normal control group (N group), normoxia periodontitis group (P1 group), hypoxia control group (H group) and hypoxia periodontitis group (P2 group). The chronic periodontitis rat model was reproduced in P1 and P2 group, and the rats were kept either in normoxia condition or hypoxia condition in a hypobaric chamber in which a condition simulating 5000 meter high altitude was established. Rats without periodontitis in N and H group were treated with the same conditions as control. The activation of MMP-2 in gingival tissue of rats in each group was measured by gelatin zymographic analysis. Results The grey values of activated MMP-2 in N, P1, H and P2 group were 13.72?6.22, 37.23?4.40, 14.45?6.51 and 45.44?4.79, respectively. The value was higher in H group than in N group, in P2 group than in P1 group (P