Studies in recent years have demonstrated that there is close relationship between estrogen and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Estrogen affects the occurrence and development process of intracranial aneurysm through multiple pathways, thereby reducing the incidence of aneurysm rupture. Estrogen also alleviates vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Identifying the effects and their mechanisms of estrogen on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage may find a new drug target to prevent the occurrence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and the secondary injury.

Glucocorticoid is the first choice for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome in children. But due to various reasons, nephrotic syndrome becomes hormone dependent or resistant, and progresses into refractory nephrotic syndrome in some children, which forces the clinician to constantly look for new immunosuppressants in order to alleviate the condition.,Rituximab injection (RTX) as a monoclonal antibody against CD20 has been widely used in the treatment of a variety of immune diseases in recent years. The use of RTX in refractory nephrotic syndrome in children, its main adverse effects and possible mechanisms was reviewed in this article.

Objective:To compare the content of polydatin and emodin between polygonum cuspidatum pieces and dispensing gran-ules to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of preparation process of the granules. Methods:An HPLC method with linear gra-dient elution was used to determine the content of polydatin and emodin in the pieces and dispensing granules, and the difference in the two contents was compared. Results: The content of polydatin and emodin in polygonum cuspidatum pieces met the requirement de-scribed in China pharmacopoeia, which was lower than that in the dispensing granules, and the contents of the two components in the commercial dispensing granules were not equivalent to the labeled amount, which was 1/15 and 1/27 of that in the pieces. Conclu-sion:The transport rate of the traditional preparation process of dispensing granules is with poor efficiency, which should be improved.

Objective To establish the quality control of Yinhuang tablet (YHT) by using sever ingredients determina-tion and tri-wavelength fingerprint analysis technologies. Methods The chromatographic fingerprints were developed by using Agilent Poroshell 120 SB C18(4. 6 mm×150 mm, 2. 7 μm) as the separation column and 0. 2% H3 PO4-methanol as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0. 5 mL·min-1 , the UV absorbance was monitored at 214, 278 and 326 nm by injecting 5 μL of the sample solution and the column temperature was maintained at (35. 00±0. 15) ℃ . The chromatographic fingerprints were charac-teristically evaluated for quality ranking of 13 batches of YHT by the 4. 0 software of the digitized evaluation system of traditional chinese medicine fingerprint with the super information characteristics. Seven marker compounds including chlorogenic acid, caf-feic acid, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin and scutellarin were simultaneously determined to compare the variation a-mong five different manufacturers. Results The tri-wavelength fingerprint high performance liquid chromatography method was established. A total of 28(214 nm),29(278 nm)and 26(326 nm)common peaks were identified at respective wavelengths, using baicalin (BCL) as the referential peak. The software was applied to evaluate the YHT-HPLC fingerprints and identify the quality of 13 batches of YHT by systematically quantified fingerprint method (SQFM). The results showed that the content from the dif-ferent manufacturers varied greatly. Conclusion The quality of YHT varies between different makers, and is necessary to es-tablish the criterion for quality control. This method can provide a new reference for the quality control of YHT.

Henoch Schonlein purpura nephritis is a systemic inflammatory response of systemic vasculitis in anaphylactoid purpura,it is often occurred in childhood with systemic vasculitis reaction.Some patients will develop nephritic syndrome or nephrotic syndrome,even kidney failure,either of which is harmful to the health of children.However,a unified standard for the diagnosis and treatment of purpura nephritis is still lack.Combined with the latest research results,this research intends to review the pathogenesis,clinical diagnosis and treatment of purpura nephritis.

Compared with"Global Minimum Essential Requirements in Medical Education",our standardized surgery resident educating training performance is basically identical at training requirements and even more advanced in some aspects according to the situation of our country.But many"no standard"things still exist in course of practing.We have analyzed the problems of educ-tion of operation sense of them and make suggestions in the article for eduction of operation sense.

With the rapid increase of educational resources, how to search for necessary educational resource quickly is one of most important issues. Educational resources have the characters of distribution and heterogeneity, which are the same as the characters of Grid resources. Therefore, the technology of Grid resources search was adopted to implement the educational resources search. Motivated by the insufficiency of currently resources search methods based on metadata, a method of extracting semantic relations between words constituting metadata is proposed. We mainly focus on acquiring synonymy, hyponymy, hypernymy and parataxis relations. In our schema, we extract texts related to metadata that will be expanded from text spatial through text extraction templates. Next, metadata will be obtained through metadata extraction templates. Finally, we compute semantic similarity to eliminate false relations and construct a semantic expansion knowledge base. The proposed method in this paper has been applied on the education grid.

Objective To investigate the regional differential expression of epidermal growth factor(EGF)in transition/peripheral zones of human normal prostate. Methods RT-PCR was used to determine semi-quantitatively the expression of EGF mRNA in 17 specimens of peripheral /central zones from normal prostates and 20 specimens of periurethral zone from BPH.EGF protein expsession was examined with Western blot. Results In normal prostate tissue,EGF mRNA level in transition zone was significant higher than that in peripheral zone (0.96?0.31 vs 0.53?0.27,respectively,P

OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of C-reactive protein(CRP) levels,body temperature and white blood cell(WBC)count for hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP).METHODS Temperature,and concentration of CRP and WBC count of the patients were determined daily,and fixed a day for sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA).Then observed the prognosis be cured,stable out of ICU or death.Patients were divided into death and survival groups according to the prognosis and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS There were four response modes of CRP ratio after antibacterial treatment:fast response,slow response,nonresponse and biphasic response.All patients with fast response and most patients with slow response survived,whereas all patients with nonresponse and biphasic response were died(P