Objective:To find the clinical features and to provide the preventive and therapeutic methods by analyzing the disease spectrum and major death causes of in-patients.Methods:The clinical data of the elderly in-patients in urban and outskirt hospitals between1989 and 1998 were surveyed and analyzed retrospectively.Results:The cumulative data of ten years according to systems showed that diseases of digestive system ranked the first (21.1%),and the other systems ranking in order were respiratory system, cardiovascular system, nervous system and so on.Among the first ten common diseases chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive emphysema (9.27%)ranked the first,and then other diseases ranking in order were cerebral vascular disease,coronary heart disease,cholelithiasis,essential hypertension,primary bronchogenic carcinoma of lung,diabetes mellitus,benign prostatic hyperplasia,chronic cor pulmonale,chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.Of diseases ranked the first,which accounted for 1.56%,and then the other death causes ranking in order were gastro-intestinal disease,nervous system disease,cardiovascular disease,accidents and toxic damage etc.The death causes according to types ranked in order as follows.The first one was malignant tumor,its mortality being 1.22% in the elderly in-patient group.The following death causes ranking in order were cerebral vascular disease,chronic bronchitis and emphysema,coronary heart disease, etc.Conclusions:The common diseases of elderly patients ranking in order were diseases of digestive system,respiratory system,cardiovascular system,nervous system and so on.The major death causes of the elderly patients were diseases of respiratory system,cardiovascular system and malignant tumor.It is of importance for the aged to take preventive measures.It is suggested to do routine physical examination to detect and prevent risk factors of some diseases and change the improper living habits and strengthen the preventive and therapeutic methods.

Ethmoid Bone ; injuries ; Facial Bones ; injuries ; Humans ; Nasal Bone ; injuries ; Orbital Fractures ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Skull Fractures ; surgery

Aged ; Catheter Ablation ; adverse effects ; Echocardiography ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Thrombosis ; etiology

Objective To understand head nurse's leadership behavior and analyze the influence of it on nurse's involvement and self-efficacy.Methods General information questionnaire was taken,and the data of 280 nurses to head nurse's leadership behavior,involvement and self-efficacy were investigated.Results There were differences in nurse's involvement and self-efficacy between head nurse's transformation and transaction leadership behavior (F=4.39,2.37,2.94,2.17,P ＜0.05).The transformation leadership behavior dimensions were positive correlation with nurse's involvement and self-efficacy,P＜0.05.Conclusion Head nurse should fully play a positive role of transformation leadership behavior,in order to promote involvement and improve self-efficacy.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Dust ; Humans ; Iron ; Male ; Metallurgy ; Occupational Exposure ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Radiography ; Risk Factors ; Steel ; Welding

Adult ; Heart Aneurysm ; congenital ; Heart Atria ; pathology ; Humans ; Male

Objective To establish a novel real-time PCR method to detect HCV RNA using Selfreporting duplex mutation primers.Methods The recombinant vector pMD18-T-HCV 5′-NCR was used as the calibrator.The Self-reporting duplex mutation primers were designed according to the gene sequence.And then the PCR reaction system was optimized and evaluated.The specificity,sensitivity and reproducibility of real-time PCR were estimated,The serum specimens from 90 cases(30 cases of HCV,30 cases of other viral hepatitis and 30 healthy volunteers) were tested with this real-time PCR; Results were compared with those obtained using a commercial TaqMan kit.Results The assay was established.It showed linearity over a wide range from 20 - 109 IU/ml.Intra-experimental coefficients of variation(CVs) were 1.37% -4.59%,and inter-experimental CVs were 1.58% -4.81%,respectively.There was no significant difference of HCV genome number tested by the two methods(R2 = 0.95) in 30 hepatitis C patients; HCV DNA was not detected in any serum samples of 30 healthy volunteers by the two methods.The specificity was 100%(60/60).All the samples in patients with clinically confirmed HCV infections showed HCV RNA positive.There wass good correlation between the quantitaive results and results obtained using the commercial TaqMan kit.Conclusions It is demonstrated that real-time PCR is a reliable,accurate and feasible assay for HCV.The establishment of this assay provided alternative technology for clinical diagnosis or therapeutic drug monitoring in the field of HCV infection and epidemiologic survey.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare compound tretinoin cream No I,No II and observe their effects on chloasma.METHODS:The cream was prepared by taking tretinoin,kojoic acid and allantoin as main components and adding base material.The tretinoin was encapsulated with ?-cyclodextrin.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The prescription of compound tretinoin cream is rational,preparation technic being stable and therapeutic effect on chloasma is satisfactory.

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of CT in the hip joint dislocation.Methods We analyzed and compared 17 cases of the hip dislocation examined by X-ray and CT.Results X-ray plain film displayed hip joint dislocation in 15 cases,fractures in 10 cases,soft tissue swelling in 9 cases,widened hip joint space in 6 cases and bone fragment in 3 cases after restoration.CT showed hip joint dislocation and fractures in 17 cases,soft tissue swelling in 15 cases,widened hip joint space in 11 cases and bone fragment in 10 cases after restoration.Conclusion For the direction and the degree of hip joint dislocation,acetabulum fracture,bone fragment in articular space and soft tissue swelling,CT has distinct advantage.We find that CT may be one of a routine method in hip joint dislocation,especially after restoration.

Objective To identify the spatial distribution of stray radiation from mobile CT head scanning for the purpose of radiation protection.Methods The head series of CareTom mobile CT were scanned and the radiation dose was measured using TLD (LiF:Mg,Cu,P).The isodose maps of radiation dose field were plotted using Matlab software.Results Radiation dose in the front of the mobile CT was slightly higher than that in the back.The maximum value of 0.255 mGy was found to be at 0.5 m from the scanning hole center.Conclusions The stray radiation dose from mobile CT head scanning was relatively low.However in order to avoid the damage to the operators and other medical workers from long-term low dose exposure,it should keep 2 m away from mobile CT,beside or behind,when in operation.