At present there is no definitive therapy for food allergy and the mainstays of treatment are allergen avoidance and ready access to emergency medications. Significant progress toward an novel oral immunotherapy (OIT)for food allergy has been made. These preliminary data on OIT are encouraging, OIT can be effective in desensitizing at least a subset of children with IgE-mediated food allergy, however, it remains uncertain whether OIT can induce long-term tolerance. During OIT, allergic reactions are common, although severe reactions are less common. Additional studies are needed to realize whether tolerance would be maintained, and to determine the specific laboratory indicators in rigorous multicenter randomized and placebo-controlled trials.

Objective To observe the protective effects of ligustrazine on glutamate-induced injury in cultured hippocampal neurons. Methods Primarily cultured hippocampal neurons from fetal rats were incubated with ligustrazine (1 mmol/L) for 12 hours,then glutamate (1 mmol/L) was added for 20 minutes to induce injury. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay,and the change in LDH activity was determined by biochemical method. Finally,the expression of AchE in the cultured neurons was assayed by immuocytochemistry. Results Ligustrazine improved the survival rate of hippocampal neurons injured by glutamate,inhibited the release of LDH from the kytoplasm injured by glutamate. The expression of AchE in the injured neurons was promoted by pretreatment of ligustrazine. Conclusion Ligustrazine can significantly exert protective effects on the hippocampal neuron injury induced by glutamate.

IEEE Std 1708-2014 breaks through the traditional standards of cuff based blood pressure measuring devices and establishes a normative definition of wearable cuffless blood pressure measuring devices and the objective performance evaluation of this kind of devices. This study firstly introduces the background of the new standard. Then, the standard details will be described, and the impact of cuffless blood pressure measuring devices with the new standard on manufacturers and end users will be addressed.
Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Monitors ; standards ; Humans ; Reference Standards ; Telemedicine

Objective To discuss the influence of the holistic nursing careng on clinical value in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.Methods 70 patients with pancreatic cancer were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,with 35 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing measures.The observation group received the holistic nursing careng on the basis of routine nursing measures.The hospitalization time,satisfaction degree,treatment compliance and mentality were observed.Results The SAS,SDS scores of the observation group after nursing were (56.87 ±6.01)points and (61.79 ±6.17)points,which were significantly lower than (39.11 ±5.68)points and (40.82 ±5.31)points of before nursing(t =9.136,8.561,all P <0.05).The hospi-talization time,exhaust time of the observation group were (32.9 ±6.6)days and (8.21 ±1.29)days,which were significantly lower than (45.1 ±10.2)days and (13.56 ±1.77)days of the control group(t =8.561,3.769,all P <0.05).The treatment satisfaction and treatment compliance in the observation group were also significantly better than the control group(χ2 =8.292,8.156,all P <0.05).Conclusion Hsystematic nursing intervention can significantly improve thepostoperative anxiety and depression,and improve the quality of life of patients with severe pneumonia.

Objective: To study the critical influence factors in the preparation of orally disintegrating tablets of fresh antler with all ingredients (ODT-FA) by lyophilized method and to optimize the preparation technology. Methods: The lyophilized molding technology was used to prepare the ODT-FA and the optimal formulation and preparation were obtained by means of single factor test with promoting cell proliferation activity, moisture content, disintegration time, and appearance as evaluation criterion. Results: The optimal preparation conditions of ODT-FA were as follows: The frozen storage temperature of fresh antler was -40°C, acetate buffer was used as diluent to mix with the fresh antler powder according to ratio of 1:2, then to homogenize for 10 min under liquid nitrogen protection with 10% trehalose as lyoprotectant, and the homogenate was lyophilized in vacuum after poured into the mold to prepare the ODT-FA. The tablets could disintegrate within 30 s completely and its moisture content was less than 5%. In addition, there was no difference in promoting cell proliferation compared with fresh antler. Conclusion: The ODT-FA prepared by optimal technology has highly biological activity and is easy to take. The optimal preparation process is stable and suitable for industrial production.

Objective To investigate whether nestin-positive cells can be isolated from human fetal pancreases and cultured in vitro for passages. Methods The islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) were isolated from pancreases of induced human fetuses at 16, 18, 20 gestational weeks and cultured subsequently. Immunohistochemical staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of the nestin, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene-1 (PDX-1/IPF-1), islet endocrine hormone insulin and glucagon. Results Nestin-positive cells, which may further transform into sphere cell clusters that include PDX-1, insulin and glucagon expressing cells, as well as nestin-positive cells, were isolated from the ICCs in vitro and cultured with several passages. Conclusions The nestin-positive cells can be isolated from fetal pancreases, and may have the capability to proliferate and differentiate into islet endocrine cells.

Objective To assess the expression patterns of apoptosis-related genes in human pancreatic cancer cells (Patu-8988)induced by Kanglaite (KLT), a novel anti-cancer botanical product. Methods The apoptosis of Patu-8988 cells was determined by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining. A human apoptosis microarray containing 96 cDNA fragments was used to detect gene expressions, and followed by Western blot analysis to confirm changes in expression of selected gene products. Results KLT induced apoptosis of Patu-8988 cells in a time-dependent manner. cDNA microarray analysis identified 5 down-regulated genes and 12 up-regulated genes (more than three fold) in the first 24 h as a consequence of treatment. Western blot performed for P53, Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 were consistent with the microarray results. The enhanced activity of Caspases-3 was evidently verified by the cleavage of the 89?103 form of poly ADP-ribose polymerase. Conclusion KLT could alter the expression profile of apoptosis- related genes in human pancreatic Patu-8988 cancer cells, which provides valuable insight into the tentative signaling pathways mediating the outcome of KLT-induced apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE To determine distribution of pathogens and resistance characteristic in urinary infection and to provide basis for clinicians to select antibiotics correctly.METHODS A total of 272 strains of pathogens were identified and ESBLs-producing G-bacilli were detected.RESULTS Among 272 strains,68.4% of G-bacilli,19.1% of G+cocci,12.5% of fungi,41.1% of Escherichia coli and 18.2% of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains produced ESBLs.CONCLUSIONS G-bacilli are major pathogens of urinary infection and their resistance is raised.Much attention should be paid to resistance detection.It is important to control nosocomial infection and select antibiotics correctly.

Background One of the difficulties in identifying early glaucoma is the variability of perimetry performance.For this reason,a field defect have to be reproduced more than two consecutive examinations before it is confirmed.The relationship between visual field sensitivity and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness may give us a more efficient and objective assessment to the early diagnosis of glaucoma.Objective This diagnostic test was to evaluate the application of functional-structural relationship between automated perimetry and RNFL in the early diagnosis of open-angle glaucoma.Methods Sixty-four eyes of 64 patients with early open-angle glaucoma and 50 eyes of 50 normal volunteers with the matched age and gender were enrolled in Xiangya Hospital January to June 2007.Visual field examinations,including standard automated perimetry (SAP),short wave automated perimetry (SWAP),and imaging of scanning laser polarimetry with variable corneal compensation(GDxVCC),were performed on the subjects with the informed consent.The sensitivity and specificity of the joint or single measurement of GDxVCC,SAP and SWAP under the local diagnostic criteria,and overall diagnostic criteria were calculated.Results According to the overall diagnostic criteria,the sensitivity of GDxVCC,SWAP and SAP were 70％,63％,61％ respectively,and the specificity were 84％,80％,78％,respectively.According to the local diagnostic criteria,the sensitivity of GDxVCC,SWAP and SAP were 78％,86％,78％,respectively,and the specificity were 54％,40％,50％,respectively.With the local diagnostic criteria,the sensitivity and specificity of serial test of GDxVCC,SWAP and SAP were 86％ and 90％ respectively,and the positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 8.59 and O.16,respectively.Conclusions The functional-structural relationship between automated perimetry and RNFL which can provide valuable individual diagnostic information for patients,and serial test of GDxVCC,SWAP and SAP can reduce the false positive rate and improve the diagnostic performance significantly.

Objective To explore the value of dexamethasone(DEX) for neuronal cell injury and death by observing the effect of DEX on excitatory amino acid(EAA) and monoamine neurotransmitter in cerebral tissue of neonatal rat with hypoxia-ischemia.Methods Hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rat models were established,the levels of EAA and monoamine neurotransmitter in cerebral tissue were analyzed by using capillary electrophoresis and fluorospectrophotometry method.The rats were divided into 4 groups: small dose DEX group pre-treated with DEX(0.5 mg/kg) prior to hypoxia-ischemia,large dose DEX group pre-treated with DEX(10 mg/kg) prior to hypoxia-ischemia,HIE group and shamful operation group.Results The levels of EAA and monoamine neurotransmitter contents in HIE group were significantly higher than those in shamful operation group(P0.05).EAA contents of large dose DEX group greatly decreased compared with HIE group (P