ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo study the compliance to sublingual immunotherapy(SLIT) in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR) in Guangzhou city.METHODSFrom January 2014 to May 2014, 202 patients with AR received SLIT were followed up by telephone. According to age, the patients were divided into group A(age<14 years) and group B(age≥14 years). The compliance to SLIT was analyzed and the reasons of poor compliance were investigated.RESULTSAmong 202 patients, only 93 cases(46.04%) were successfully followed up by telephone, 109 cases(53.96%) were lost to visit. Among the 93 cases of successful follow-up, the good compliance rate was 29.03%(n=27), the poor compliance rate was 70.97%(n=66). compliance to SLIT was not affected by age and gender(P>0.05). Main reasons for poor compliance included poor efficacy (48.48%), insufficient education about SLIT (16.67%), inconvenience (15.15%), and adverse reactions(10.61%).CONCLUSION In Guangzhou city, lost follow-up rate in AR patients receiving SLIT is high. Compliance to SLIT is relatively low and improvements shall be made.

Objective To study the effects of tetrandrine on the protein expression profile of C. albicans,and to screen for proteins associated with the effect of tetrandrine. Methods Fluconazole-sensitive C. albicans CA-3 was cultured with or without tetrandrine (250 mg/L) for 6 hours followed by the collection of Candida cells. Total proteins were extracted from these cells and separated by using immobilized pH gradient two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Protein spots were detected and analyzed by Image Master 2D Platinum software, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS-based method was used to identify these proteins. Results The two-dimensional gel electrophoresis maps of C. albicans proteins before and after the treatment with tetrandrine were successfully obtained with high repeatability. Image analysis revealed a total of 26 differentially expressed protein spots in C. albicans treated with tetrandrine, and 7 differentially expressed proteins were identified by the mass chromatographic analysis, including 1 up-regulated protein (Pst1), and 6 down-regulated proteins (Idh1,Asc1, Rps5, Asn1, Asn1, Srb1 ). Conclusions The expressions of some proteins in fluconazole-sensitive C. albicans experience significant changes after tetrandrine treatment, and Pst1, Idh1, Asc1, Rps5, Asn1, Asn1 and Srb1 may considerab1y contribute to the effects of tetrandrine on C. albicans.

Objective To identify and analyze plasma membrane proteins differentially expressed between fluconazole-sensitive and-resistant C.albicans strains.Methods Two C.albicans strains from a same parent,including the fluconazole-sensitive C.albicans strain CA-3 and fluconazole-resistant C.albicans strain CA-16,served as the subject of this study.Plasma membrane proteins were isolated from both of the C.albicans strains,and subjected to two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis for the screening of differentially expressed proteins,which were then identified by using matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.The resultant data were searched against a protein database for C.albicans.Results Twentytwo proteins were identified to be differentially expressed between the fiuconazole-resistant and-sensitive C.albicans strain.Of them,6 proteins (Adh1p,Csp37p,Pgk1p,Pgk1p and 2 unnamed proteins,i.e.,gi227305312and gi53954641) were highly expressed,while 16 proteins (Aco1p,Aco1p,Hsp78p,Gut2p,Sdh12p,Ilv2p,Ndh51p,Ndh51p,Atp1p,Pda1p,Srb1p,Idh1p,Tdh1p,Cyt1p,Cox4p,Cox13p) were lowly expressed in the fluconazole-resistant C.albicans strain compared with the fluconazole-sensitive strain.Conclusion The plasma membrane proteins differentially expressed between fluconazole-sensitive and-resistant C.albicans strain are mainly implicated in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function.

OBJECTIVE: The optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of the recombinant adenovirus Ad-Rad50-GFP carrying a mutant Rad50 gene expression region on the cell growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the viral amplification efficiency of CNE1 cell infected by this adenovirus were studied. METHOD: The biological titer of Ad-Rad50-GFP was measured by end point dilution method. The impact of recombinant adenoviral vector transfection on the growth of CNE1 cells was observed by cell growth curve. Transfection efficacy of recombinant adenoviral vector was observed and calculated through fluorescence microscope. The expression f mutant Rad50 in the Ad-Rad50-GFP transfected CNE1 cells with optimal MOI was detected by Western Blot after transfection. RESULT: The biological titer of Ad-Rad50-GFP was 1.26 x 10¹¹ pfu/ml. CNE1 cell growth was not influenced significantly as they were transfected by recombinant adenoviral vector with MOI less than 50. Transfection efficacy of recombinant adenoviral vector was most salient at 24 hours after transfection, with the high expression of mutant Rad50, and the efficiency still remained about 70% after 72 hours. CONCLUSION Recombinant adenoviral vector Ad-Rad50-GFP could transfect CNE1 cells as well as result in the expression of mutant Rad50 in CNE1 cells effectively. MOI = 50 was the optimal multiplicity of infection of CNE1 cells transfected by recombinant adenoviral vector Ad-Rad50-GFP.
Adenoviridae ; Carcinoma ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo study the effect and mechanism of tetrandrine (Tet) on enhancing radiosensitivity of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines in vitro.

METHODSCNE1 and CNE2 were exposed to radiation with or without Tet, the DNA damage of the cells were evaluated by neutral comet electrophoresis, and cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe mean tail movements (TM) of CNE1 treated with radiation or radiation plus Tet were (7.13 ± 3.70) (X(-) ± s) and (13.61 ± 5.45), respectively (t = 2.784, P < 0.05), and TM of CNE2 treated with radiation or radiation plus Tet were (11.52 ± 4.04) and (18.85 ± 6.18), respectively (t = 3.089, P < 0.05). With the exposure to radiation or radiation plus Tet, the percentages of CNE1 in G2 phases were (42.62 ± 2.07)% and (17.02 ± 1.87)%, respectively (t = 23.173, P < 0.01), and the percentages of CNE2 in G2 phases were (34.82 ± 2.74)% and (19.64 ± 4.82)%, respectively(t = 16.500, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the apoptosis rates between the cells treated with radiation or radiation plus Tet regardless of CNE1 (17.24 ± 0.99)% vs (19.11 ± 1.24)%, and CNE2 (16.68 ± 0.27)% vs (18.51 ± 2.41)% (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTet can enhance radiosensitivity of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. The mechanism could be related to abrogation of radiation-induced G2/M arrest and reduction of double-strand break repair capacity.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Benzylisoquinolines ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Carcinoma ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA Repair ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiation Tolerance ; drug effects

Objective:To explore the characteristics and therapeutic strategies of Pott's puffy tumor（PPT）. Methods:The clinical data of two patients with PPT were retrospectively analyzed and combined with the literature, focusing on the comprehensive analysis of perioperative diagnosis and treatment strategies. Both patients underwent muti-disciplinary treatment, including timely administration of sufficient antibiotics capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier. Early removal of PPT lesions was performed using a combined internal and external approach under nasal endoscopic guidance. Results:After standardized perioperative management, the symptoms of the two patients were completely relieved, with no recurrence after one=year follow=up. Postoperative complications such as frontal pain, numbness, local depression, or scar hyperplasiawere not present. Conclusion:PPT, being relatively rare and severe, requires careful attention. Key strategies for standardized perioperative management include multi-disciplinary consultation, timely and adequate antibiotic administration, and surgical intervention using a combined intranasal and extranasal endoscopic approach for lesion removal.
Humans ; Pott Puffy Tumor/complications* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Endoscopy/adverse effects* ; Postoperative Complications ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Frontal Sinusitis/complications*

Objective:To analyze the etiology of repeatedly attacks of intractable vertigo and some types of sensorineural deafness whose clinical manifestation were not in conformity with the known spectrum diseases，and explore the screening method to prevent missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis, then provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment for rare etiology. Method:The authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis from 4 cases of vertigo sufferers and 2 cases of hearing impairment sufferers whose serological tests were positive for syphilis. All these 6 cases were treated with large doses of penicillin aqueous solutions (24 million U/d), multi-times intravenous infusion, the course of the treatment was 14 d. Result:The clinical manifestations of these 6 patients were lack of characteristic, as well as the results of hearing and vestibular function, imaging diagnosis. Positive syphilis detection of serology and cerebrospinal fluid tests were the main diagnostic basis. After anti-syphilis treatment, 5 cases got satisfied clinical symptoms improvement, 1 case suffered from low-tone sensorineural hearing loss, whose hearing fluctuated recurrently. Conclusion:Syphilis infection may damage the Ⅷ cranial nerve and then lead to vertigo and hearing loss, through chronic syphilitic osteitis of temporal bone, atrophy of organ of corti, osteolytic lesion surrounding the endolymphatic duct, and neurosyphilis. For patients presented with intractable vertigo, and those whose clinical manifestations are not in conformity with the known diseases of unilateral ear or bilateral ears rapidly progressive deafness, syphilis serology screening and validation tests are recommended in case of missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis.

Tetanus consists of neonatal tetanus and non-neonatal tetanus. Non-neonatal tetanus remains a serious public health problem, although neonatal tetanus has been eliminated in China since 2012. Non-neonatal tetanus is a potential fatal disease. In the absence of medical intervention, the mortality rate of severe cases is almost 100%. Even with vigorous treatment, the mortality rate remains 30%-50% globally. These specifications aim to regulate non-neonatal tetanus diagnosis and treatment in China, in order to improve medical quality and safety. These specifications introduce the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and laboratory tests, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, grading and treatment of non-neonatal tetanus.

Tetanus consists of neonatal tetanus and non-neonatal tetanus. Although neonatal tetanus in China has been eliminated since 2012, non-neonatal tetanus remains a serious public health problem. Non-neonatal tetanus is a potential fatal disease, and the mortality rate of severe cases is almost 100% in the absence of medical intervention. Even with vigorous treatment, the mortality rate is still 30~50% globally. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of non-neonatal tetanus in China, this specification is hereby formulated. This standard includes etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, classification, grading and treatment of non-neonatal tetanus.