Adult ; Deglutition ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; Male ; Pharynx

0.05).And the increasing of weight in high protein+plus prolein jelly group was significantly higher than those of other two groups(Pa

Objective To observe the effect of liver disease special-purpose enteral nutrition preparation on protein metabolism and liver function in children with liver injury.Methods Sixty cases of severe ill with liver injury in hospital,with mean age of (7.8?6.3) years old.All patients were randomly divided into experimental group (n=30) and control group(n=30).The experimental group was treated by adding the liver disease special-purpose enteral nutrition preparation homogenized diet and control group was treated by adding entire protein entire nutrition type enteral nutrition preparation.All patients in both 2 groups were nasally fed with intestinal nutrition,which contained 418-628 kJ/(kg?d).One day before nutritional support and 14 days after nutritional support,the liver function,total serum protein,albumin,hemoglobin were recorded.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.Results The baseline indicators were similar before nutritional supports.Fourteen days after nutritional support,alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were all significantly lower in experimental group than in control group(Pa

Objective To investigate the effect of α-crystallin on the proliferation of rat retinal microglia after optic nerve injury. Methods The effect of α-crystallin on number and proliferation of microglia were analyzed by MTT assay.After the rat model with optic nerve injury was established,α-crystallin was iniected into vitreous cavity and the microglia cell number were counted and compared by retinal fiat counting and immunofluorescence labeling in different groups. Results The proliferation and activation of microglia cells could be stimulated by LPS at 10-6g/L to 10-2g/L.α-crystallin at 10-4g/L and 10-6g/L could inhibit proliferation and activation of microglia cells.Compared to BSA iniection group,α-crystallin could inhibit more significantly the number of microglia cells 1-3 weeks after injury (P＜0.05). Conclusions α-crystallin can inhibit proliferation and activation of retinal microglia and alleviate overphagocytosis and secondary damage of retinal microglia to retinal ganglion cells(RGCs),which may be another mechanism that α-crystallin contributes to indirect protection of RGCs.

Aim To explore the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) in Astragaloside Ⅳ-induced cardioprotection in H9c2 cardiac cells, and to explore the potential mitochondrial mechanism.Methods Conventional culture was performed of rat heart tissue-derived H9c2 cells.Experiment was randomly divided into the control group, the ERS inducer 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose(2-DG) group, Astragaloside Ⅳ and 2-DG combination group, Astragaloside Ⅳ group.Confocal microscopy was used to observe the changes of TMRE fluorescence intensity so as to confirm the influence of ERS on the mitochondrial potential, and further speculate on the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP).Western blot analysis was applied to detect the expressions of ERS proteins GRP 78, GRP 94 and IRE1.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of the cells.Results Different doses of 2-DG could mimic the mPTP opener atractyloside to induce the mPTP opening with the peak at 100 μmol·L-1;Astragaloside Ⅳ significantly reduced 2-DG-induced mPTP opening, the expression of GPR 78, GRP 94 and IRE1 and reduced injury of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.Conclusions Endoplasmic reticulum stress could be induced by 2-DG.Astragaloside ⅳ-induced mitochondrial cardioprotection involves inhibition of the ERS through GRP 78, GRP 94 and IRE1 by prevention of the mPTP opening.

Objective To explore therapeutic effect of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor on type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods 120 patients suffering type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonal-coholic fatty liver disease from October 2014 to March 2016 in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups:treatment group and control group. Both groups were given type 2 diabetes conventional treatment ,and the treat-ment group was given dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor in addition. Height,weight,waist circumference,hip cir-cumference were measured. Lipid metabolism and,function index,FPG,2 h PG,HbA1c,Ins,C peptide were detected. HOMA-IR was calculated. Results The total effective rate of clinical treatment of fatty liver in the treat-ment group(88.3%)was higher than the control group(78.3%). The difference was statistically significant. FPG , 2hPG,HbA1c,HOMA-IR,LDL-C,TC,TG,AST,ALT andγ-GT in the treatment group were lower than the con-trol group. The difference was also statistically significant. Conclusion The efficacy of sitagliptin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with nonalcoholic fatty liver was significant. It can also significantly reduce blood glucose and in-sulin resistance. Furthermore ,it has a better effect on the patients with blood glucose control and lipid metabolism regulation.

Objective:To know about the prevalence of depression,anxiety,and suicidal behaviors among newly diagnosed HIV-positive men who have sex with men.Methods:A cross-sectional study with a consecutive sample was conducted in the HIV/AIDS Voluntary Counseling and Testing Clinic of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.A standard set of questionnaires,namely,the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7),and a self-designed suicidal behavior questionnaire were used to assess the subjects'emotional problems.Results:Among 321 newly diagnosed HIV-positive men who had sex with men,the positive rate of depression and anxiety were 41.1％ (132/321) and 31.5％ (101/321),respectively.The rate suicidal ideation after HIV diagnosis was 27.7％ (89/321).Individuals who were living with others,had HIV related clinical symptoms,higher HIV/AIDS related stress,and lower social support were more likely to have positive depressive symptoms.Individuals who were unmarried,had lower HIV/AIDS related stress,and lower social support were more likely to have positive anxiety.The prevalence of suicidal ideation after HIV diagnosis was higher among individuals who were unwilling to join in HIV/AIDS support groups,had HIV related clinical symptoms,higher HIV/AIDS related stress,lower social support,and both positive depression and anxiety symptoms.Conclusion:The prevalence of emotional problems is high among newly diagnosed HIV-positive men who have sex with men.It is warranted to promote mental health service for this vulnerable group.

OBJECTIVETo establish the rat model of acute pulmonary embolism, and study the changes of vascular active substances in pulmonary embolism rats, and investigate the interventive effect of anticoagulant drugs on vascular active substances.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, model group, low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin treated group and rivaroxaban-treated group (n = 32 in each group). The method of autologous thrombosis was used to establish the animal model of acute pulmonary embolism. The animals were treated with saline or different anticoagulant drugs. The physiological and biochemical parameters were detected at different time points after embolization. The rats were killed after embolism of 24 h, 3 d, 5 d or 1 week respectively and the pathologic samples of lung tissues were collected to analyze the pulmonary pathological changes in different groups.

RESULTSRats in embolization group after blood clots injection showed shortness of breath, oral cyanosis; quicken heart rates and other symptoms. All embolization groups had pulmonary hypertension, the levels of type B natriuretic peptide (BNP) were increased significantly. The ratio of endothelin-1 (ET-1)/NO and thromboxane (TXB2) and prostacyclin (6-k-PGFla) were abnormal. After treated with effective anticoagulant drugs, the levels of BNP, ET-1, NO, TXB2 and 6-k-PGF1a were tended to the normal levels in the control group. The pulmonary hypertensions were gradually decreased. The efficacy of rivaroxaban on pulmonary embolism was the same as that of the low molecular weight heparin or warfarin.

CONCLUSIONAnticoagulation therapy can effectively improve endothelial function after pulmonary embolism, reduce pulmonary hypertension, and revise the increased BNP levels to normal levels. The efficacy of rivaroxaban is not inferior to that of low molecular weight heparin and warfarin.

Animals ; Anticoagulants ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; pharmacology ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Lung ; pathology ; Morpholines ; pharmacology ; Pulmonary Embolism ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rivaroxaban ; Thiophenes ; pharmacology ; Warfarin ; pharmacology

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rituximab treatments for refractory and relapsed idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). 18 patients with refractory and relapsed ITP who received 22 courses of rituximab treatments from January 2007 to December 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Rituximab was given at a dose of 375 mg/m(2) intravenously weekly for a continuous 4 weeks. The results indicated that responses were achieved in 15 of 22 (68%) courses, out of which complete responses were achieved in 10 of 22 (45%) courses, partial and minimal responses were achieved in 5 of 22 (23%) courses, and no responses were achieved in 7 of 22 (32%) courses. The median time of response was 3 weeks (1 - 17 weeks) from the start of treatment and median duration of response was 13 weeks (1 week - 42 months). The responses were mostly short-sustained and follow-up median time was 20 months (1 - 52 months). The responses of 8 patients (36%) sustained for over 6 months, 6 patients (27%) sustained for over 1 year, and 4 patients also showed sustained response at last visit of follow-up. Previous splenectomy resulted in a poor response (P = 0.037). Patients who failed in rituximab treatment and prior received multiple treatments including splenectomy, had a poor response to further therapies. It is concluded that rituximab is well tolerated by patients and is useful in some patients with relapsed and refractory ITP, however, only about 20% patients can achieve sustained remissions. The patients who failed in rituximab treatment has a poor response to further treatment.
Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; drug therapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rituximab ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Bone Marrow Examination ; methods ; Bone Marrow Neoplasms ; pathology ; secondary ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cytological Techniques ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology