Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Heavy Metal Poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Poisoning ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Thallium ; poisoning ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

The vast majority of vertebral compression fractures are caused by osteoporosis and vertebral tumor,which lead to the pain of a fracture and intervertebral height lost.In recent 20 years,the use of percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty,a kind of minimally invasive surgery method intended for the vertebral compression fractures,are rising up for patients with vertebral compression fractures,which can quickly relieve patients' pain and restore injured vertebral deformities.Percutaneous vertebroplasty injects bone cement into fractures through a small incision.However,percutaneous kyphoplasty injects a balloon into a fracture to make a cavity by expending and shrinking,which is filled with filler material,and then removes the balloon,and injects bone cement.This article mainly reviews development,curative effect and safety,clinical application and future aspects.of the percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the main factors that influence the results of sperm alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE), optimize the conditions, and standardize its procedures.

METHODSUsing alkaline SCGE, we detected the DNA fragments of sperm treated with different concentrations of H2O2 and determined the influences of the number of agarose gel layers, pH during DNA unwinding and electrophoresis, the time of DNA unwinding and electrophoresis, and cumulative sperm number on the results of sperm alkaline SCGE. Then we optimized the procedures, analyzed the repeatability of the optimized method, and examined 40 semen samples using the method.

RESULTSThree agarose gel layers could reduce the background. The optimal pH during DNA unwinding and electrophoresis was 10, and the best times for DNA unwinding and electrophoresis were 40 min and 30 min, respectively. Fifty sperm were adequate to ensure the reliability of the results. Based on the percentage of tail DNA, the intra- and inter-assay repeatabilities of the optimized sperm alkaline SCGE were 3.12% and 7.13%, and by the DNA damage score, they were 2.38% and 6.09%, respectively. Sperm DNA fragments were significantly increased in the infertile patients with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia as compared with healthy fertile males (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe optimized sperm alkaline SCGE, highly repeatable and easy to be standardized, can be applied to the clinical detection of sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile men.

Asthenozoospermia ; genetics ; Comet Assay ; standards ; DNA Damage ; DNA Fragmentation ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; toxicity ; Male ; Oligospermia ; genetics ; Oxidants ; toxicity ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sperm Count ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Time Factors

AIM: To estimate the pooled prevalence of myopia among primary school students in mainland China during 1980- 2013. Myopia had become a growing public health issue, with high prevalence rates in mainland China, particularly among children. However, we still had no population-based nationwide studies of the prevalence of myopia among primary school students in recent years. METHODS: Wanfang, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed databases were searched independently until Dec. 31, 2013 to identify relevant articles. Data from the eligible articles were extracted by two reviewers. All of the data analyses were conducted using Meta-Analyst software (version 3. 13, USA).
RESULTS: Thirty - seven eligible studies published between 1980 and 2013 were selected with a total of 245248 individuals. The pooled prevalence of myopia among the included individuals was 26. 5% (95% CI: 21. 8% -31. 7%). The prevalence of myopia increased with age (from 8. 4%at 6-8y to 57. 4% at 12-14y).
CONCLUSION: The pooled prevalence of myopia among primary school students in mainland China was much higher than that of western countries or regions. The prevalence of myopia increased with age among primary school students. This study should be valuable for myopia prevention and treatment in mainland China.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Gastroscopy ; methods ; standards ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Tissue Embedding ; methods

Objective To investigate the clinicalmanifestation,monitoring and therapeutic measure of severe enterovirus 71 ( EV71 ) infection in children.MethodsForty-five cases of severe EV71 infectionwere admitted in our PICU from May 2010 to Sep 2011.The vital sign and arterial blood pressure,central venous pressure,mixed venous oxygen saturation,dynamic non-invasive heart function and urine volume were monitored.Forty-five cases were divided into 3 stages according to clinical manifestation:( 1 ) nervous system involvement stage; (2) respiratory system involvement stage; ( 3 ) circulatory system involvement stage ( compensation and decompensation).We adopted individualized remedy measure according to different stages.ResultsIn 45 cases,38 cases discharged from hospital,the cure rate was 84.4％.Among all the 38 cases,nervous system involvement was found in 19 cases,respiratory system involvement was found in 12 cases,circulatory system involvement was found in 7 cases.Seven cases died,who had circulation failure.ConclusionWe should identify severe EV71 infection early.Positive control of high fever,appropriate liquid treatment,control of high blood pressure,early respiratory support,preventment of circulation failure are the key measures for treatment.Individualized monitoring and treatment are effective in children with severe EV71 infection.

Objective The aim of this study is to define if early change ofprocalcitonin (PCT) may inform about the efficacy evaluation of severe bacterial pneumonia.Methods A prospective,single-center,observational study was conducted in patients with severe bacterial pneumonia admitted to ICU in 2010 years.PCT samples were collected in baseline,72 hours,7 days and the ending in the duration of therapy.The efficacy evaluation was assessed at the end of treatment 5 days after and divided into the efficacy group and nonefficacy group according to the guiding principle of clinical research on antibacterial drugs by the Ministry of Health.Sixty-five patients with a mean age of (62.1 ± 15.9) years were evaluated.Five patients were severe community acquired pneumonia,32 patients nosocomial pneumonia and 28 patients ventilator associated pneumonia.The clinical pulmonary infection score(CPIS) was 7.9 ± 1.8 ;APACHE Ⅱ score was 14.5 ±5.3.There were 44 patients as the efficacy group and 21 patients as the nonefficacy group.SPSS13.0 was used to analyse the results.Results The PCT levels between efficacy group and nonefficacy group were (3.83 ±2.18)vs(4.23 ±2.64) μg,/L (t =1.249,P =0.387),(2.44 ± 1.05)vs(3.48 ± 1.75) μg/L(t=-1.959,P=0.045),(1.15 ±0.87) vs (3.41 ±1.58) μg/L (t=-2.904,P=0.006),and (0.51 ±0.17) vs (2.63 ±1.08) μg/L (t=-3.772,P =0.000) in baseline,72 hours,7 days and the ending in the duration of therapy.The change of PCT within the first 72 hours were (32.5 ± 12.4)％ vs (14.5 ± 7.1) ％.The area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of prediction clinical efficacy of the change of PCT within the first 72 hours was 0.823 (P =0.002),the AUC of white blood cell,the neuter granulocyte percentage,body temperature and PCT level within 72 hours were 0.575,0.543,0.521,0.597,respectively (P ＞ 0.05).In multivariate analyses,the change of PCT ＜ 30.8％ (odds ratio,15.2,95％ confidence interval,3.3-21.7,P =0.01) was independent risk factors of effect predictor.The changes of PCT within the first 72 hours (＞30.8％) combined with CPIS(＜6) were the best performance to predict clinical efficacy with a AUC of 0.910,sensitivity of 85.2％ and specificity of 92.5％.Conclusions The change of PCT within the first 72 hours can be used early to evaluate the effect in bacterial pneumonia.Especially,combined with CPIS can further improve the prediction value.

Objective To estimate the predictive value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in urine (uNGAL) for detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the intensive care unit (ICU) critically ill patients.Methods A total of 110 patients from the ICU of three general hospitals were enrolled in the study.The patients were adults more than 18 years of age.After admitted to ICU,the patients were continuously observed for 72 hours.According to the RIFLE criteria for diagnosis of AKI,the patients were classified as AKI group (33 cases) or non-AKI (77 cases).According to the sepsis diagnostic criteria,the patients were classified as sepsis (79 cases) or non-sepsis (31 cases).Exclusion criteria of patients were chronic renal insufficiency,malignant tumor,death after admitted to ICU 24 hours.Serum creatinine and uNGAL of the patients were analyzed daily.The difference of uNGAL between sepsis and non-sepsis patients,AKI and non-AKI patients,sepsis non-AKI and sepsis AKI patients was compared.Moreover,the difference of serum creatinine and uNGAL between AKI and non-AKI patients into ICU 24 h was compared,and the sensitivity and specificity of uNGAL and serum creatinine for diagnosis of AKI in the ICU patients were evaluated using ROC curve.Results The uNGAL levels were all significantly different between sepsis and non-septis patients,AKI and non-AKI patients,sepsis concomitant AKI and sepsis without AKI patients.The uNGAL levels were significantly different between AKI and non-AKI patients in ICU for the first 24 h,while the difference of serum creatinine were not significant.The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of uNGAL and serum creatinine of patients in ICU for the first 24 h were 0.828 (95％ CI:O.742-0.914) and 0.583 (95％ CI:0.471-0.695),respectively.The cutoff value of uNGAL was 170 ng/ml,and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.778 and 0.784,respectively.The sensitivity was superior to serum creatinine.Conclusions uNGAL was superior to serum creatinine in the diagnosis of AKI,and could be used as a marker of the early diagnosis of AKI.

Pin1 (peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1) belongs to peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) and is a novel promising anticancer target. Based on the lead structure of benzophenone, a series of novel diarylether derivatives containing a pyrimidine ring were designed and synthesized. The inhibitory activities on Pin1 of compounds 5a-5d and 6a-6i were evaluated by a protease-coupled enzyme assay. Of all the evaluated compounds, 6 compounds displayed inhibitory activities. Molecular docking was performed using FlexX algorithm to explore the binding mode of the active molecules.