This study aimed to review the research progress on the contribution of microRNA (miRNA) to the chemotherapy re-sistance of breast cancer. With“miRNA,”“breast cancer,”and“chemotherapy resistance”as key words, the literature was searched in Pubmed and CNKI databases between 01-2000 and 10-10-2012. We described the characteristics and mechanisms of breast cancer che-motherapy resistance and focused on the contribution of miRNAs in the chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer. MiRNA participate in chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer through different ways. This article summarizes different miRNAs that participate in che-motherapy resistance and identifies their specific pathways in drug resistance. The potential clinical utilization of the serum miRNA as a tumor marker is also discussed. Further research on the effect and mechanism of serum microRNA in chemotherapy resistance will bring a new chapter in the targeted therapy of breast cancer.

Objective To understand the basic information and differences in the AIDS-related knowledge ,attitude ,behavior and knowledge acquisition between the medical students and the non-medical students to provide the related basis for formulating the ra-tional health education strategy in the colleges and universities .Methods The questionnaires of the AIDS-related knowledge ,atti-tude ,behavior and knowledge acquisition were used to perform the survey on 440 college students including 220 medical students and 220 non-medical students .The SPSS19 .0 software was adopted to analyze the survey results .Results The statistical differ-ences existed between the the medical students and the non-medical students in the average scores of the AIDS-related knowledge and attitude questionnaires(P<0 .05) .The propability of premarital sexual behavior was 3 .96% in the medical stedents and 7 .62%in the non-medical students .The main routes for obtaining the AIDS knowledge in the medical students and the non-medical students were newspapers ,magazines ,televisions and movies .The most popular routes were televisions and movies .Conclusion Colleges and universities should team up with families for conducting the AIDS education through the way that the college and uni-versity students really enjoy ,especially for the non-medical students on the non-transmission route knowledge ,the attitude towards the patients/infected individuals with AIDS and the prevention knowledge .

This paper introduces such two methods for the software to detect and download its new version automatically as applying the mapped network drive in LAN and download through FTP in Internet. The implementation of auto running of the new version after update is also discussed.

In this article some ideas on the discipline construction and development in the school of medicine of Shahghai Jiao Tong University were put forward based on the results analysis of state key discipline application in 2007 and comparison between approval and failure disciplines from team,research,graduates education and lab construction.It will be meaningful for the sustainable development of the school of medicine of Shahghai Jiao Tong University in future.

Drug resistance and relapse are two major causes for treatment failure of leukemia, but their mechanisms remain elusive. Recently, increasing evidence shows that there is a subset of leukemia stem cells apart from immature leukemia cells in leukemia patients. These malignant stem cells do not response to routine chemotherapeutic agents, and may be the source of drug resistance and relapse of leukemia. Permanent cure of leukemia need elimination of these leukemia stem cells. We describe molecular characteristics of leukemia stem cells and possible target therapeutic strategies in this review.

Objective:To investigate clinical curative effect of trans-arterial chemo-embolization (TACE) in combination with radio-frequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of massive primary hepatocellular carcinoma so as to provide theoretical basis for clinical practice.Methods: 60 patients with massive primary hepatocellular carcinoma were divided into control group (30 cases) and observation group (30 cases) according to the different treatment methods. The patients of control group received the treatment of TACE while the patients of observation group received the combined treatment of TACE and RFA, at the same time, all of the patients of two groups received the supportive treatment for protecting liver. After the operation, the necrosis situations of patients in the two groups were evaluated by using enhanced CT, and their complication and survival time were recorded. Besides, the changes of series of indexes including blood routine, hepatic and renal function and immunologic function were monitored. Based above data, the curative effect and safety of the two therapeutic methods were compared and analyzed. Results: After treatment, the 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years survival rate of observation group were significantly higher than that of control group (x2=5.787,x2=6.814,x2=4.802,x2=4.622,P<0.05). And the TBIL, ALT and AFP of observation group were significantly lower than that of control group (t=5.775,t=3.332,t=10.231,P<0.05). Besides, the CD3+, CD4+/CD8+, NK cells and TNF-α of observation group were significantly higher than that of control group (t=6.434,t=5.125,t=6.017,t=4.669,P<0.05).Conclusion: The curative effect of TACE combined with RFA is significantly better than that of single TACE, and it is worthy in clinical popularization and application.

AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy of adjunctive intravitreous injection with Lucentis for the treatment of neovascular glaucoma ( NVG) .
METHODS:The retrospective case series study included 25 eyes of 25 patients who underwentintravitreous injection with Lucentis. Patients firstly received an intravitreous injection with Lucentis (0. 5mg/0. 05mL), after the regression of neovascularization of the iris, patients accepted different surgical treatments according to different etiopathogenesis condition. Iris, chamber angle neovascularization condition, intraocular pressure, and visual acuity were observed postoperatively. The follow-up duration was 3mo.
RESULTS:After 3-7d of intravitreous Lucentis injecting, iris and chamber angle neovascularization was totally faded in 20 cases (20 eyes) and was not completely faded in 5 cases ( 5 eyes ) . Additional treatments were compound trabeculectomy ( 14 cases, 14 eyes ) , vitrectomy ( 4 cases, 4 eyes ) . The patients' mean intraocular pressure was 43. 42 ± 10. 99mmHg before treatment, which decreased rapidly when they came out of the hospital (14. 26±7. 64mmHg, P<0. 05) and stabilized during the follow-up 3mo (18. 76±5. 96mmHg, P<0. 05). Follow-up at 3mo, visual acuity improved or remained in 20 cases ( 20 eyes ) and decreased in 5 cases ( 5 eyes ) . The complete success, qualified success and failure were 21 eyes, 3 eyes and 1 eye, respectively.
CONCLUSION:Intravitreous injection with Lucentis can be used as an assisted treatment of NVG. According to different etiopathogenesis condition, it is an effective treatment to combine with other treatment methods for NVG.

Objective To explore the potential legal issues about mandatory nursing intervention in psychiatric wards,and put forward the strategies of nursing management.Methods The causes and the potential legal issues of the action of psychiatric nurses to carry out mandatory nursing intervention were analyzed.Results There were legal issues on the right to life and health,the right of informed consent,the right of personal freedom and the right of personality respected about mandatory nursing intervention in psychiatric wards and there might be negligence,misconduct and responsibility of violating the laws and regulations.Conclusions While carrying out mandatory nursing intervention in psychiatric wards,nurses need to respect the patients,make related informed well,protect various related rights of patients and families,implement seriously the relevant system so as to make mandatory nursing interventions more humanized,scientific,standardized,programming,and avoid the occurrence of medical disputes.

Schizophreniaisacommonandseriousmentaldisorder,whichcausesgreatharmtopatientsandtheir families.Because of the complicated pathogenesis of schizophrenia , there are still many problems in its drug treatment . Stable and reliable animal models are required for preclinical studies of new drugs .In this article , we reviewed the rodent models associated with positive symptoms , negative symptoms and cognitive impairment of schizophrenia and the behavioral evaluation on these models , hoping to provide useful references of animal models for the antipsychotic drug screening and preclinical studies .

Objective To explore the contrast perilymphatic MRI characteristics of inner ears with sudden hearing loss with vertigo.Methods Forty three patients with sudden hearing loss with vertigo and 35 patients with unilateral tinnitus diagnosed by the department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery were retrospectively included.Forty eight ears (38 ears with unilateral sudden hearing loss and 10 ears in 5 cases with bilateral sudden hearing loss) were regarded as sudden hearing loss group,35 asymptomatic ears (the opposite ears of the unilateral tinnitus ears) as control group.Thirty eight opposite ears of the 38 unilateral sudden hearing loss ears and 35 ears of the control group showed normal in the pure tone audiometry exam.One hundred and twenty one ears (48 hearing loss ears,38 opposite ears of the 38 unilateral sudden hearing loss ears and the 35 control group's ears) underwent contrast perilymphatic MR exams,0.4 to 0.5 ml gadolinium hydrate diluted with saline was injected through the tympanic membrane,twenty four hours later,three-dimensional fluid attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR) sequence was performed using a 3.0 T MRI scanner.After the contrast perilymphatic MR exam,success in the exam was judged through the raw image.The signal intensity ratio (SIR) of cochlea basal turn and homolateral brain stem was quantitatively calculated.The SIR difference of 48 ears with sudden hearing loss and 35 asymptomatic ears in control group was analyzed by t test.The SIR difference of the 38 unilateral sudden hearing loss ears and the contralateral asymptomatic ears was also analyzed.The presence of endolymphatic hydrops was judged.Results The contrast perilymphatic MRI of 121 inner ears with intratympanic gadolinium injection were all successful.Endolymphatic hydrops were observed in 12 sudden hearing loss ears with the occurrence rate of 25％(12/48).The SIR of basal turn and homolateral brain stem of the sudden hearing loss ears (2.062±0.907) were lower than the SIR of the control groups' asymptomatic ears (2.703± 0.640) with significant difference between them (t=3.619,P=0.001),the SIR of basal turn and homolateral brain stem of the unilateral sudden hearing loss ears (1.941 ±0.860) were also lower than the SIR of the contralateral asymptomatic ears (2.411±0.670) with statistical difference between them (t =3.270,P=0.002).Conclusions Endolymphatic hydrops were observed in sudden hearing loss with vertigo.The SIR of the cochlea in sudden hearing loss ears were lower than that of the asymptomatic ears,indicating the abnormal permeability of the round window membrane.