Course assessment is the important part of teaching and education.Double effects of improving the teaching and education quality can be achieved through emphasizing assessment methods,separating teaching and testing,building test bank and network exam,offering course of basic clinical skills as well as verified assessment methods,such as stage-based comprehensive exam,unified exam of the course,national entrance exam.The first pass rate of national medical practitioner qualification exam can be guaranteed through implementing these measures.

AIM:To study the effect of different surgeries for vision and postoperative complications in leprosy patients with lagophthalmos.METHODS:A retrospective analysis.Totally 68 leprosy patients (97 eyes) with lagophthalmos were selected who treated with different surgeries during May 2007 to September 2015 in our sanatorium.The surgeries included nylon thread correction surgery, tarsorrhaphy, temporalis transposition surgery.We observed and compared the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and the rate of postoperative complications, such as epiphora, lacrimal duct injury, hard to open eyes, infection at the inner and lateral canthus and scar formation of lacrimal apparatus.RESULTS:The effect on BCVA of patients treated with nylon thread correction surgery and tarsorrhaphy:the preoperative and postoperative BCVA was significantly different of the two groups (Z=-4.193,-4.213;P<0.05);the preoperative and postoperative BCVA was not significantly different of the patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery (Z=-1.532, P >0.05).The postoperative complications:(1) epiphora:there was 91% in patients underwent nylon thread correction surgery, 89% in patients underwent tarsorrhaphy, 59% in patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=12.198, P<0.05);(2) lacrimal duct injury:there was 66% in patients underwent nylon thread correction surgery, 95% in patients underwent tarsorrhaphy, 41% in patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=22.415, P<0.05);(3) hard to open eyes:there was 56% in patients underwent nylon thread correction surgery, 55% in patients underwent tarsorrhaphy, 22% in patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.795, P<0.05);(4) infections:there was 84% in patients underwent nylon thread correction surgery, 3% in patients underwent tarsorrhaphy, 11% in patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=60.858, P<0.05).CONCLUSION:There are certain clinical efficacy for lagophthalmos caused by leprosy after surgery, especially patients after temporalis transposition surgery can close eyes by oneself.And their vision does not change significantly, which suggests that this surgery may prevent exposure injury for cornea.But the iatrogenic injury, the vision decrease in patients underwent other surgeries and the ocular tissue damage, such as epiphora, lacrimal duct injury, hard to open eyes, infection at the inner and lateral canthus and scar formation of lacrimal apparatus should be pay more attention to.

An antibiotic-producing bacterium, which was numbered as 20 #-5, was separated from the soil in Chongqing. It was identified as the member of pseudomonas. Gram positive bacteria are badly suppressed by it. The antibiotic secreted by 20 #-5 can endure 100℃ for half an hour, and it can also go through the ultrafiltration membrane with pores of 0.22?m.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of bone density and bone strength after alveolar ridge augmentation with Titanium Nickel shake memory alloy (TiNi-SMA) distractor and acellular dermal matrix (ADM).Methods Twelve adult healthy male dogs were selected.After the animal model of alveolar atrophy was set up,on one side of mandible,two S-shaped distractors were placed.The diameter of S-shaped distractor was 1 mm and the rebound temperature was 33℃.The ADM was placed on the distraction gap and fixed by the feet of distractors.The other side was placed only with distractors,serving as control side.Six dogs' mandibles were harvested after 1 and 3 months respectively.Dual energy X-ray absorptimetry (DEXA) was used to scan bone density around the distraction gap.Mechanical machine was used to test compression strength and elastic modulus.Results Months after distraction,the bone density of upper distraction gap ,distraction gap and low distraction gap were respectively (0.714±0.238) g/cm2,(0.512±0.435) g/cm2 and (0.615±0.043) g/cm2 on experimental side.The compression strength and elastic modulus were (36.54±7.32) Mpa and (1674.10±256.43) Mpa.All of above were higher than those of control side.Conclusions ADM can improve the bone quality, increase bone density and intensity and is an ideal guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane for alveolar ridge agumentation with TiNi-SMA distraetor.

OBJECTIVETo discuss how the diagnosis, misdiagnosis and different treatment modalities affect the prognosis of the patients with extranodal NK-T cell lymphoma-nasal type.

METHODSA retrospective study was made on the clinical characteristics, treatment modality, short-term effect, and survival rate of 68 patients with extranodal NK-T cell lymphoma-nasal type. Among them,60 patients staged I(E) were subdivided into single therapy group of 20 cases( radiation therapy 9 cases, chemotherapy 11 cases) and combined therapy group of 40 cases (9 cases with radiation therapy + chemotherapy, 12 cases with chemotherapy + radiation therapy,19 cases with chemotherapy + radiation therapy + chemotherapy). Eight patients staged IV(E) included 3 cases with radiation therapy alone and 5 cases with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

RESULTSThe rate of misdiagnosis of whole group is 66. 2% (45/68), and the rate of misoperated patients accounted for 52. 9% (36/68). The CR rate of radiation therapy was 94. 4% (17/18) for limited disease in I(E) group compared 61.9% (26/42) for out-cavity disease in I(E) group, of which the difference is significant (P =0. 012). The 1-years, 3-years and 5-years survival rate of the I(E) intra-cavity group were 100%, 77.8%, 59.8%, and those of ex-cavity group were 80.1%, 48.5% and 14.6%, respectively. The 1, 3 and 5-years survival rate of IV(E) group were 17.5%, 0.0% and 0.0%. The difference of survival was significance among the above 3 groups (P = 0. 000). The 1, 3, 5-years survival rate of 60 I(E) patients with single therapy were 68.4%, 22.8% and 7.6% respectively; and that of combined therapy group were 94.9%, 81.1% and 52.4% respectively, which was significant difference (P = 0. 000). The survival difference among the radiation therapy + chemotherapy group, chemotherapy + radiation therapy group and chemotherapy + radiation therapy + chemotherapy group were not significant (P = 0.088).

CONCLUSIONSThe early clinical manifestation of extranodal NK-T cell lymphoma-nasal type is not typical,which is easy to be misdiagnosed and mistreated. Early therapy is the key,which can achieve good location control. Diseased stage I(E) out-cavity and above should be treated with combined therapy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; mortality ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Nose Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effects of partial liquid ventilation on canine inhalation injury.

METHODSMongrel dogs were inflicted with steam inhalation injury and were employed as the model. Partial liquid ventilation was accomplished by slow instillation of into the lungs. The changes in blood superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and arterial oxygen pressure (PaO(2)) were determined.

RESULTSThe blood levels of MDA and NO at 2 postburn hours (PBHs) increased obviously but those of SOD and PaO(2) decreased significantly when compared with those before injury (P < 0.05). The blood levels of SOD, MDA, NO and PaO(2) recovered to near preinjury levels after partial liquid ventilation.

CONCLUSIONPartial liquid ventilation might be helpful in the management of inhalation injury by raising blood oxygen pressure, antagonizing lipid peroxidation and reducing the in vivo NO production.

Animals ; Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous ; Blood Pressure ; Burns, Inhalation ; blood ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Female ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; blood

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium on removal of gaseous chlorobenzene.

METHODSFungal mycelium mixed with a liquid medium was placed into airtight bottles. A certain amount of chlorobenzene was injected into the headspace of the bottles under different conditions. At a certain interval, the concentrations in the headspace were analyzed to evaluate the degradation of chlorobenzene by P. chrysosporium.

RESULTSThe degradation effects of P. chrysosporium on chlorobenzene under different conditions were investigated. The difference in the optimum temperature for the growth of the fungi and chlorobenzene degradation was observed. The data indicated that a lower temperature (28 degrees C) would promote the degradation of chlorobenzene than the optimum temperature for the growth of the fungi (37 degrees C). A low nitrogen source concentration (30 mg N/L) had a better effect on degrading chlorobenzene than a high nitrogen source concentration (higher than 100 mg N/L). A high initial concentration (over 1100 mg/m3) of chlorobenzene showed an inhibiting effect on degradation by P. chrysosporium. A maximum removal efficiency of 95% was achieved at the initial concentration of 550 mg/m3.

CONCLUSIONP. chrysosporium has a rather good ability to remove gaseous chlorobenzene. A low nitrogen source concentration and a low temperature promote the removal of chlorobenzene by P. chrysosporium. However, a high initial chlorobenzene concentration can inhibit chlorobenzene degradation.

Air Pollutants ; metabolism ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Chlorobenzenes ; metabolism ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; Microbiological Techniques ; Nitrogen ; pharmacology ; Phanerochaete ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Temperature ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and premature coronary heart disease (PCHD) patients with blood stasis syndrome (BSS).

METHODSrs4343, rs4293, and rs4267385 were selected at SNP from ACE gene. Allele and genotype were detected. Frequencies of allele and genotype were compared by using time-of-flight mass spectrometry technique (TOF-MS).

RESULTSCompared with the healthy control group, genotype of rs4293 and rs4267385 in ACE gene were similar, but there was statistical difference in polymorphisms and allele frequencies of rs4343 in the I and II group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The frequency of G allele was higher in the 3 groups than in the healthy control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The relative risk analysis showed that the risk for PCHD occurrence in G allele carriers at rs4343 (GG +AG) was 3. 6 times the risk in non-G allele carriers (95% CI: 1.224-10.585, P = 0.02). There was also statistical difference in sex, age, TC, and TG after adjusted Logistic regression analysis (OR = 3.994, 95% CI: 1.230-12.974, P = 0.021).

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphism at rs4343 (G2350A) might be one of risk factors for PCHD occurrence, but not a predisposing factor for PCHD patients of BSS.

Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; Coronary Artery Disease ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors

[Summary] Four patients with hyperthyroid-associated exophthalmos, myxedema, acropachy ( EMA ) syndrome, including three male patients and one female patient were diagnosed with Graves′diseases and treated by 131 I therapy. Complaints of thyrotoxicosis were presented at the onset. Tibia myxedema and acropathy appeared, and eye symptoms aggravated in two patients after anti-thyroid drug therapy and 131 I therapy. Four cases were all given clobetasol propionate, miconazole nitrate, neomycin sulfate and urea cream alone or in combination with compound betamethasone local injection treatment, and three cases were given low-dose oral prednisone treatment. Complaints of tibia myxedema and eye symptoms were significantly improved after the treatment. Therefore, we should be wary of the occurrence of hyperthyroid-associated EMA syndrome after 131 I therapy. Corticosteroid might be the effective therapy for myxedema and eye symptoms of EMA syndrome.

Objective To examine how stroke affects muscle coordination and whether muscle function will be improved after rehabilitation.Methods Ten stroke patients with mild hemiparesis and six age-and sex-matched controls were investigated at baseline.Velocity-encoded phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (VE-PC MRI) and surface eleetromyography (sEMG) were performed to evaluate muscle coordination of thigh muscles during knee extension and flexion and the effect of rehabilitation. Results Using VE-PC MRI,we found that the peak velocity of rectus femoris was lower in the affected limb (P