Objective To explore the correlation between the change of intestinal flora and insulin resistance in pre-diabetes population,and the role of intestinal flora in the occurrence and development in the pre-diabetes population.Methods two hundreds and fifty cases of pre-diabetes in our hospital were selected and divided into the group A(pre-diabetes intervention group)and B(prediabetes non-treatment group).Fifty cases of diabetes(positive control group)served as the group C.The cohort study was adopted.The follow-up intervention lasted for two years.The intestinal flora and blood biochemical indicators were detected in different groups and at different time periods.The insulin resistance index was calculated.Results The total bacterial count before intervention in the group A and B was significantly higher than that in the group C;Enterococcus genus in the group C was significantly higher than that in the group A and B;the proteus and lactobacillus content in the group A and B was higher than that in the group C,but the difference was not significant;Bifidobacterium genus in the group C was higher than that in the group A and B.After intervention,the total bacterial amount in the group Awas significantly higher than the group B and C,but there was no statistical difference between the group B and C;enterococcus genus in the group C was significantly higher than that in the group A and B,enterococcus genus after intervention in the group A was reduced and which in the group B was increased,the difference had statistical significance;the proteus and lactobacillus content in the group A and B was higher than that in the group C,but the difference was not significant;bifidobacterium genus in the group C was higher than that in the group A and B,moreover which after intervention in the group B was increased,the difference was statistically significant.The insulin resistance before processing had no statistical difference between the groups A and B,which in the group C was higher than the group A and B,the insulin resistance after intervention in the group A was decreased,the difference was statistically significant.The total bacterial count,enterococcus and bifidobacterium were positively correlated with insulin resistance,and bacteroides,proteus and lactobacillus had no significant correlation with insulin resistance.Conclusion Intestinal flora has correlation with insulin resistance,and serves as a marker of pre-diabetes development,implementing the probiotics adjustment combined the quantization aerobic muscular movement can realize the adjustment of insulin sensitivity and improves the diabetic development in the prediabetic population.

In order to identify Cimicifugae Rhizoma from its adulterants and to ensure its safe use, the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence of Cimicifugae Rhizoma and its adulterants were amplified and bidirectionally sequenced by DNA barcoding technology. Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed by the CodonCode Aligner V3.7.1. The genetic distances were computed by MEGA 5.0. Identification analyses were performed using neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. The length of ITS2 sequence of the three origin plants of Cimicifugae Rhizoma include Cimicifuga heracleifolia, C. foetida, C. dahurica was 217, 219 and 219 bp, respectively. Their intraspecific genetic distance was much lower than the interspecific genetic distance with their closely related species. The NJ tree of ITS2 indicated that the three origin plants of Cimicifugae Rhizoma formed a monophyletic clade, Cimicifugae Rhizoma and its adulterants could be distinguished clearly. The authors proposed that ITS2 sequence was suitable for the authentication of Cimicifugae Rhizoma and its adulterants.
Base Sequence ; China ; Cimicifuga ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; classification ; genetics

Objective To investigate the influence of the pain management path on the postherpetic neuralgia patients. Methods Ninety patients with postherpetic neuralgia were divided into two groups by random digits table method:the control group and the experimental group, 45 cases in each group. The patients in the control group accepted conventional nursing care, the patients in the experimental group accepted the pain management path nursing care. The scores of pain and the overall satisfaction were assessed, the incidence of common adverse reactions at 5 and 10 days after the treatment, hospitalization expenses and hospitalization days were recorded. Results The gender, age, course of disease and degree of pain had no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group at admission (P>0.05). After 5 and 10 days treatment, the scores of pain in the experimental group were (3.07±1.34) , (1.09±0.90) points, and these were (4.29±1.74), (2.27±1.32) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (t=3.74, 4.94, all P<0.01). After 5 and 10 days treatment, the scores of the overall satisfaction in the experimental group were (5.50 ± 1.71), (7.96 ± 1.30) points, and these were (4.50 ± 1.60), (7.00 ± 1.50) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (t=-2.89,-3.37, all P<0.01). After 10 days treatment, the incidence of constipation was 26.67% (12/45) and 53.33% (24/45) in the experimental group and the control group respectively, the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (χ2=6.667, P<0.05). The hospitalization days were (13.71 ± 3.05) d and (15.76 ± 3.54) d in the experimental group and the control group respectively, the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (t=2.934, P<0.01). The hospitalization expenses were (11798.38 ± 3312.33) yuan and (13972.24 ± 3726.66) yuan respectively, there was significant difference between the two groups (t=2.925, P < 0.01). Conclusions The application of the pain management path for the pain management in patients with postherpetic neuralgia, can relieve the pain, reduce the incidence of adverse effects, hospitalization expenses and days, improve the overall satisfaction of the patients.

Objective:To introduce a novel ridge preservation technique with micro-titanium plate avoiding the use of bone grafting materials,and evaluate the potential horizontal bone preservation effect of this new technique,applied on single maxillary central incisors after tooth extraction for future implant restoration.Methods:Nine patients (six women and three men),mean age (26.0 ±5.7)years(from 1 8 to 34 years)referred to the Department of Oral Implantology,Peking University School and Hospital of Stomotology,were selected and diagnosed with unsalvageable single middle incisor with fine general con-ditions,no signs of acute local inflammation,no ongoing or previous periodontitis,healthy neighboring teeth and intact buccal bone walls.Tooth extraction,delayed implant placement and implant-supported single crown restoration were selected as treatment plan.The teeth were extracted atraumatically with lo-cal anesthesia,followed by a reflection of a minor flap to exposed 2-3 mm of the buccal bone plate.Af-ter that,a micro-titanium plate was trimmed and bended to fit the convexity of the labial bone and fixed by two mini pins with intent to support the labial soft tissue.The flap was then repositioned over the micro titanium plate and secured with two single sutures.No bone grafting materials or releasing incisions were needed.The sockets were left to heal without any intention of primary wound closure.Cone-beam compu-ted tomographic (CBCT)scans were obtained before and four months after tooth extraction.Horizontal ridge widths were measured with CBCT software,and the preservation effects were calculated and recor-ded by the percentage of horizontal ridge alteration.Results:The nine extraction sockets were healed un-eventfully.The average socket width before extraction was (7.51 ±0.48)mm (6.92-7.82 mm).The average alveolar ridge labial-palatal width at the control point of the edentulous area was (6.81 ±0.44) mm (6.04-7.38 mm)4 months after tooth extraction,the mean percentage of ridge width preserved was 90.87%±2.91%(87.28%-95.60%).Conclusion:This novel ridge preservation method by the usage of a micro-titanium plate did not interfere with the natural socket healing process,and at the same time,largely preserved the width of alveolar ridge without any bone grafting procedures.Long term results remain to be seen.

ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility and potential benefit of olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) intraspinal transplantation in the treatment of intractable chronic neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods17 patients, 15 male and 2 female, with intractable chronic neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury was treated by OEC implant from November, 2004 to November, 2007. The age ranged from 18 to 68 (mean 40.4) years. The etiology of cord impairment included car accidents, falls, radiation damage, machine extrusion, gun-shot, and diving. The patients suffered severe persistent pain for 6 to 309 (mean 102.2) months, and the time points when cell therapy were administrated in the patients ranged from 6 to 312 (mean 105.9 months) after their injuries. Olfactory bulbs were harvested and trypsinized down to single fetal OECs. They were cultured for 12～14 days before implant. The fetal OECs were transplanted by injection into spinal cord at opposing ends of the injury site. The degree of pain was assessed and compared before operation and long-term follow-up according to the International Association of Neurorestoratology Spinal Cord Injury Functional Rating Scale (IANR-SCIFRS), i.e., 0 point means extreme pain, uncontrolled; 1 point, severe pain, narcotics required; 2 points, mild pain, ordinary pain killer effective; 3 points, no pain.ResultsThe follow-up and pain reevaluation were performed at 0.5 to 88 months with an average of 17.5 months after cell transplantation. The mean score of pain amelioration is 1.2 points.ConclusionThe OEC intraspinal transplantation appears to have a promising role in treatment of intractable chronic neuropathic pain after SCI.

OBJECTIVETo analyze cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma for prenatal screening of beta-thalassaemia major.

METHODSSix couples undergoing prenatal diagnosis of beta-thalassaemia (gestational age range 23-26 weeks) were enrolled in this study. The husbands were all carriers of the CD17 (A-->T) mutation, and the wives carried another beta-thalassaemia mutation. The allele-specific primers and two fluorescent cycling probes were synthesized for the detection of the CD17 (A-->T) mutation, using FAM and HEX fluorescence labeling, respectively. The cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal plasma was detected using real-time PCR, and the fetal genotype was confirmed by cord blood conventional prenatal diagnosis.

RESULTSIn the 6 pregnancies, FAM and HEX fluorescent signals were detected in 3 maternal plasma samples; in the other 3 samples, only FAM fluorescent signals were detected, suggesting the absence of paternally derived CD17 (A-->T) mutation.

CONCLUSIONExamination of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma using real-time PCR and cycling probe technology can be effective means for prenatal screening of beta-thalassaemia major.

Adult ; DNA ; blood ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA Probes ; Female ; Fetal Diseases ; blood ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Point Mutation ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; methods ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; beta-Thalassemia ; blood ; diagnosis ; genetics

AIMTo study the therapeutic effects of N,N'-diacetyl-L-cystine (DiNAC) on immunological liver failure.

METHODSSerum ALT, AST and T cell subsets in peripheral blood of the experimental animals during the trial period were analyzed by an automatic serum analyzer and a flow cytometer, respectively. The sectioned liver specimens were examined under a light microscope. And 24 h after the injection of Gal/LPS, the survival rate of rats was calculated.

RESULTSDiNAC (50, 200, 800 mg x kg(-1), i.p.) suppressed the elevation of serum levels of ALT and AST, markedly enhanced proliferation and differentiation of T cell subsets (CD4+, CD8+ and Th1, Th2), and improved all the histopathological features. In mice of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), the survival time significantly prolonged and the survival rate increased 24 h after i.p. DiNAC. These effects were obviously dose-dependent.

CONCLUSIONDiNAC on mice with FHF has an inhibitory action which is related to immune mechanism.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; CD4 Antigens ; metabolism ; CD8 Antigens ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cystine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Failure, Acute ; blood ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; T-Lymphocytes ; pathology

Porous carbon nanoparticles ( NPC) were prepared by ZnCl2 activation and carbonization using citrus waste as carbon source. A sample pretreatment method with NPC as dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE ) absorbent was established for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables by gas chromatography. The NPC was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction ( XRD), FT-IR spectra, Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface area(BET). Those results showed that the NPC was an amorphous porous carbon material with pore size in the range of 0-15 nm. Its specific surface area and pore volume were 1243 m2 / g and 1. 28 cm3 / g, respectively. The analysis conditions, including the amount and clean up time of adsorbent, were optimized by analysis of 14 kinds of oranophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables with gas chromatography-flame photometric determination(GC-FPD). Moreover, the comparison for NPC with commercial materials of PSA, C18 and GCB was investigated in this study. The results indicated that the purification time was only 2 min using 0. 01 g NPC. The cost of NPC was about 25% of C18 , 21% of PSA and 16% of GCB. Because of the porous structure of NPC, the purification efficiency was significantly higher than the three commercial materials mentioned above. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves of the 14 organophosphorus pesticides were linear in the range of 0. 02-1. 00 mg / L with good correlation coefficients (R2>0. 99) and detection limits (S / N=3) of 0. 63-5. 30 μg / kg. The recoveries of the pesticides at three spiked levels ranged from 71. 3% to 114. 7%with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0. 9% -12. 9% . The method is simple, rapid, sensitive, and low cost, and can satisfy the requirements of detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, displaying a good application prospect.