The present work is to investigate the chemical constitutions of Hyptis rhomboidea and their antifungal activities. The compounds were isolated by Toyopearl HW-40, Sephadex LH-20, MCI-Gel CHP-20, RP-18, PTLC and silica column chromatographic methods and subjected to evaluate some monomers antifungal activity of eight kinds of plant pathogenic bacteria. Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as ethyl caffeate (1), ursolic acid (2), oleanolic acid (3), vanillactic acid (4), methyl rosmarinate (5), kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -beta-D-glucopyranoside (6), kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), ilexgenin A (8), beta-amyrin (9), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (astrgalin, 10) and cholest-5-ene-3beta, 4beta-diol (11). Compound 1 showed the strongest inhibitory effect on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum with the MIC 16.2 mg x L(-1), and compound 5 showed the strongest inhibitory effect on S. minor and Exserohilum turcicum with MIC 16.2, 8.1 mg x L(-1), respectively. All compounds were isolated from the H. rhomboidea for the first time, and compounds 1 and 5 showed antifungal activity.
Antifungal Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Fungi ; drug effects ; Hyptis ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Based on variation of Pinus massoniana families, heritablility and correlation analysis, the contents of shikimic acid and procyanidine (heritability 0.90, 0.70), dry weight of single branch (heritability 0.60) and and leaf length (heritability 0.46) were screened out as quality, yield and harvest cost traits of Folium Pini, respectively. For the different medicinal application of Folium Pini, varied methods were chosen to estimate weight and construct index equation. Weight adjustment based.on equal emphasis were used as economic weight determining method to select the best families, and the index (accuracy 0. 936 4 and heritability 0. 881 6) obtained was a little better than that obtained by equal emphasis, and much better than that by restricted index. The superior families selected with adjustment weight and equal emphasis were No. 46, 43 and 28. Partial regression were used as economic weight determining method to select the best families,and the index obtained had the highest accuracy (0.941 5) , index heritability (0. 889 9) and the genetic gain of shikimic acid content. The superior families selected with this method were No. 46, 27 and 47. No. 46 was the best families with maximal economic benefit. Our study indicated that suitable method for estimate weight and construct index equation can be applied for better accuracy of superior families selection of P. massoniana.
Breeding ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Pinus ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo evaluate and compare the outcome of two kinds of diameter hollow screws for the treatment of femoral neck fractures.

METHODSFrom June 2008 to June 2013, 117 patients with femoral neck fractures were treated by closed reduction and hollow screws fixation. Among them,48 patients were fixed by 6.5 mm screw including 30 males and 18 females with an average age of (45.61 ± 11.99) years old ranging from 19 to 60 years old, involving 17 cases in Garden I/II and 31 cases in Garden III/IV; 69 patients were fixed by 8.0 mm screw including 40 males and 29 females with an average age of (45.17 ± 9.95) years old ranging from 18 to 60 years old, involving 31 cases in Garden I/II and 38 cases in Garden III/IV. The general information, operative time, hospital stay time, reduction quality, diameter of femoral head and neck, fracture healing time, the rate of fracture healing, postoperative complications were recorded and evaluated. Harris scoring was used to evaluate the hip joint function.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 19.6 months (18 to 24 months). The difference of operative time, duration of hospitalization, quality of reduction were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was no difference between two groups about the average diameter of the femoral head and neck, the fracture healing time, the rate of healing and the postoperative complications (P > 0.05). There were no difference between two groups about Harris scale. There were significant difference between Garden III/IV and I /II (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONClosed reduction and internal fixation with hollow screw in treating the young adult patients with femoral neck fracture is the first choice, both different diameters hollow screws could meet the requirements of fixation of femoral neck fracture, and not affect on fracture healing time and postoperative complications.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVECompletion pneumonectomy (CP) is widely known to be associated with a high morbidity and mortality. However, in certain instances, CP offers the only chance for a cure. Now to explore the indications, prevention and management of complications as well as late outcomes of CP.

METHODSDuring a period of 21 years from January 1985 to August 2006, 24 patients received CP, representing 2.3% of 1026 patients who had undergone pneumonectomy in the same period. There were 17 right and 7 left CPs done in 20 male and 4 female patients with an average age of 58 years (range from 42 to 67 years). Lung malignancy accounted for 22 of these cases in which the indication included local recurrence in 18, second primary tumors in 2 and primary malignancies that developed after right upper lobectomies for pulmonary tuberculoma and pulmonary cyst respectively in 2 cases. Benign disease was progression or recurrence of bronchiectasis in 2 cases. Before CP, 17 patients had had a lobectomy, 5 a bilobectomy, 1 sleeve lobectomy and 1 wedge resection. There were 16 of 20 lung cancer patients receiving postoperative chemotherapy and 3 with positive residues having radiotherapy. The mean interval between the two procedures was 65 months for the whole group (5.5-360) and 32 months for lung cancer patients (5.5-120). They all underwent CP, included sleeve CP in 1 patient.

RESULTSFor all patients, the previous thoracotomy incision was reopened and maneuvers such as rib resection, intrapericardial blood vessel ligation, division of the bronchus first, local application of glues and hemostatic agents, and bronchial reinforcement were routinely used. Intrapericardial route was used in 10 patients (41.7%). Two patients had right pulmonary artery injured. The operation lasted 4-7 hours, with blood loss of 300 to 3000 ml. Overall respectability, morbidity and hospital mortality were 95.8%, 29.2% and 4.2%. No intraoperative deaths occurred. There was 1 early postoperative death after 40 days from adult respiratory distress syndrome. There was no occurrence of bronchopleural fistula, and the 25% associated morbidity rate was a result of bleeding necessitating reexploration in 1 case, chronic empyema in 1 case, arrhythmia in 1 case, anemia in 1 case and fever of unknown reason in 2 cases. Actuarial 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates from the time of completion pneumonectomy for patients with lung cancer were 77.3%, 50.0% and 29.4%. And 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates for patients with recurrent lung cancer were 72.2%, 47.1% and 29.4%.

CONCLUSIONSCP can be performed with an acceptable operative mortality and morbidity rate in selected patients. For patients with local recurrence, first and second primary bronchogenic carcinoma as well as benign pulmonary disease, treatment should be surgical when a less invasive procedure is not available and the patients are in good health. In addition, patients undergoing CP have a reasonable prospect for long-term survival.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; mortality ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo amplify the PCR with the internal transcribed spacerl regions measure the base sequence of the amplified products of DNA, and to set up an identified standard on the level of molecule.

METHODDNA from the seeds of G. dahurica was extracted by conventional method, and composed peculiar primer was used to amplify with the internal transcribed spacerl regions of the rRNA gene, and the base sequence of the amplified products by stopping the circle of the end of double deoxidation of four color fluorescent mark was measured.

RESULTIt was proved by agar sugar gel electrophoresis that the PCR amplified products of the internal transcribed spacerl regions of the rRNA gene existed. The base sequence of the seeds of G. dahurica's internal transcribed spacerl regions of the rRNA gene was measured.

CONCLUSIONTo measure the base sequence of internal transcribed spacerl regions of the rRNA gene in the seeds of G. dahurica's is a method to identify vegetal Chinese traditional medicine on the level of molecule.

Base Sequence ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Gentiana ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; Seeds ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo analyze a Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD) patient's muscular regeneration, dystrophin expression and locomotive variation before and after he underwent umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation in order to assess the therapeutic effect.

METHODSA 12-year-old DMD boy who could not walk for 3 years was confirmed by gene analysis and dystrophin protein immune test on his muscle. He had no other chronic disease. By HLA matching, a piece of umbilical cord blood stem cell with 6 HLA sites matching to the boy was found in Guangdong Umbilical Cord Blood Bank. The number of the nucleated cells of the umbilical cord blood stem cell was 24.08x 10(8). After pretreatment for the DMD boy with busulfan, cyclophosphamide and rabbit anti-human thymocyte globulin, the allergenic cord blood stem cells were transplanted into him by intravenous injection. Cyclosporin A, methylprednisolone, MMF, prostaglandin E1 and ganciclovir were given after the transplantation. At the same time, Gran, the granulocytic cell stimulating factor, and gamma globulin were administered. The biochemistry profile including serum creatine kinase (CK), the reconstruction of blood making, the deletion exon of DMD gene, the regenerating muscles, the dystrophin protein expression, and the locomotive function of the DMD boy were tested regularly.

RESULTS(1) The white blood cells (WBC) of peripheral blood decreased gradually to zero after pretreatment. In a period of 15 days after transplantation, the neutrophil increased to 0.5x 10(9)/L; at 25 days, WBC increased to normal level. Blood platelet was more than 20x 10(9)/L at 22 days. The hemoglobin rose to 85-100 g/L. At 140 days, sternal puncture revealed the rapid growth of neutrophil, blood platelet and hemoglobin. (2)At 140 days, the blood type of the DMD boy transformed from type O to type AB (the donor's blood type being AB). There was no grafe versus host reaction. (3) At 18, 30, 43, 55, 74 and 233 days after transplantation, the PCR-short tandem repeat test of the boy's peripheral blood DNA showed that his genotype was completely the same as the donor's. The results of PCR-short tandem repeat tests of the bone marrow cells DNA by sternal puncture at 140, 183 and 235 days were the same as those of the blood DNA. (4) At 60 days, DMD gene analysis by PCR showed that the defected DMD gene (exon 19 deletion) had been corrected by the umbilical cord stem cells transplantation. (5) At 75 days, the biopsy of calf muscle showed there were myoblast cells and muscular tubes growing. The dystrophin expressions were weak, but a few of them were strong. DNA analysis showed that the donor's gene DNA accounted for 1%-13%. At 126 days, obviously increased dystrophin positive muscular fibers of the boy were found. The donor's fibers rose to 2.5%-25%. (6) The serum CK of the boy declined from 5735 U/L to 274 U/L. (7) At 100 days, physical examination revealed improvement in his arms and legs.

CONCLUSIONThe therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy with allogeneic umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may reset up the blood-making function, decrease the serum CK level, restore the dystrophin in muscles, and improve the locomotive function of the DMD boy. These data suggest that the allogeneic umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may benefit the DMD boys.

Alprostadil ; therapeutic use ; Busulfan ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Cyclosporine ; therapeutic use ; Dystrophin ; genetics ; Ganciclovir ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; therapeutic use ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; genetics ; therapy ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To provide scientific evidences for improving children early integrated development,through analyzing the mental developmental status and characteristics of 322 cases of 2-year-old children in Nanjing.Methods Intelligence and motor development condition in 322 cases of 2-year-old children were assessed by using Bayley Scales of Infant Development test,and the assessed results were analyzed.Results 1.The incidences of the children whose mental development index(MDI)or psychomotor development index(PDI)were under 69 were 3.1% and 5.6%,respectively;2.The MDI mean score(114.34?19.65)was significantly higher than that of PDI(101.73?21.53)(t=9.71,P0.05).Conclusions The incidences of mental retardation in this study were consistent with the result reported by World Health Organization.There were differences between motor and intelligence development in children,as well as the intelligence development between male and female.Therefore,it should be implemented early childhood developmental screening in child health care.Parents should be given scientific guides about intelligence and motor development of children.

Objective To investigate the cognition and attitude towards free pneumonia vaccination among elderly people aged over 60 years old in Minhang District of Shanghai.Methods Target population was based on registered citizen over 60 years old in Minhang District.According to their willingness of pneumonia vaccineinjection,participants were divided into two groups,willing group and refused group.We randomly selected 910 people for each group.And before vaccination,a self-made "pneumonia vaccination behavior cognition and attitude questionnaire" was completed by each participant.Whether there were significant differences in the cognitive and attitude towards pneumonia vaccination between the two groups was analyzed by t test.x2 test and Logistic regression model was used to analyze main risk factors affecting the elderly attitude and behavior towards pneumonia vaccination.Results Statistical significant relations were found among following five cognition dimensions,which were benefits of vaccination (t =21.691,P＜0.01),values of vaccination (t =6.105,P＜0.01),the severity of affecting pneumonia (t =9.882,P＜0.01),vulnerable of getting pneumonia (t =5.670,P＜0.01) and obstacle towards vaccination (t =-7.114,P＜0.01).x2 test and Logistic regression analysis results suggested that among these five dimensions,cognition of vaccination benefits (B =0.610,P＜0.01) played the most important role in the attitude of elderly people between the two groups.The severity of affecting pneumonia (B =-0.452,P＜0.01) and obstacle towards vaccination (B =0.311,P＜0.01) played less important role regards elderly making decision of taking pneumonia vaccination.There was no statistically significant relations in sensitivity of getting pneumonia.In addition to the five dimensions discussed above,people who are engaged in commercial and service industry before retirement,with an annual income of between ten thousand to one hundred thousand and having chronic diseases are more likely to have a higher degree of acceptance of taking pneumonia vaccine than those without these properties.Conclusions There were significantly differences in cognitive behavior between willing to injection group and refused group among elderly.The results suggest that the benefits of pneumonia vaccination in older people with chronic diseases may have a positive effect on further increasing the rate of free pneumonia vaccination in the elderly population in Minhang District of Shanghai.

Objective To analyze the feasibility of local LINGO-1 polyclonal antibody administration for treatment of spinal cord injury in adult rats. Methods Twenty-four adult female SD rats were randomized into sham-operated group, rabbit IgG group and LINGO-1 antibody group. In the latter two groups, partial transaction of the T9 segment of the spinal cord was performed to completely sever the dorsal eorticospinal tract, followed immediately by administration of rabbit IgG and anti-LINGO polyclonal antibody via a mini-osmotic pump, respectively. At 3 and 28 days after the operation, the T8～10 segments of the spinal cord were harvested to prepare cryosections, and immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze the penetration of LINGO-1 polyclonal antibody into the spinal cord tissue and its specific binding to LINGO-1 molecules. Results In LINGO-1 antibody group, the presence of rabbit antibodies was detected at the injured sites of the spinal cord at 3 and 28 days after the operation. The mean immunofluorescence density was significantly lower in L1NGO-1 antibody group than in rabbit IgG group at 3 days after the operation (P<0.05). In rabbit IgG group, the mean immunofluorescence density for LINGO-1 in the crysections pre-treated with LINGO-1 polyclonal antibody was significantly lower than that in sections pre-treated with rabbit IgG(P<0.05). Conclusion Locally administered LINGO-1 polyclonal antibody can penetrate into the injured sites in the spinal cord in a wide time window and recognizes LINGO-1 molecule specifically, suggesting the feasibility of passive immunotherapy for spinal cord injury.

Background: The association of serum retinol-binding protein (RBP) levels with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains controversial. Furthermore, few studies have investigated their relationship in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the association between serum RBP levels and NAFLD in Chinese inpatients with T2DM. Methods: This cross-sectional, real-world study included 2,263 Chinese T2DM inpatients. NAFLD was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography. The subjects were divided into four groups based on RBP quartiles, and clinical characteristics were compared among the four groups. The associations of both RBP levels and quartiles with the presence of NAFLD were also analyzed. Results: After adjustment for sex, age, and diabetes duration, there was a significant increase in the prevalence of NAFLD from the lowest to the highest RBP quartiles (30.4%, 40.0%, 42.4%, and 44.7% for the first, second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively, P<0.001 for trend). Fully adjusted multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that both increased RBP levels (odds ratio, 1.155; 95% confidence interval, 1.012 to 1.318; P=0.033) and quartiles (P=0.014 for trend) were independently associated with the presence of NAFLD in T2DM patients. Conclusion Increased serum RBP levels were independently associated with the presence of NAFLD in Chinese T2DM inpatients. Serum RBP levels may be used as one of the indicators to assess the risk of NAFLD in T2DM patients.