BACKGROUND: Most of the literatures only reported that there is a great difference between diabetics who have a high 24-hour urinary albumin excretion rate and those without renal damage, but there is no obvious difference between cases of microalbuminuria and those without renal damage.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the relationship between diabetic nephropathy and osteoporosis.DESIGN: A case-control study.SETTING: Department of Endocrinology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University.PARTICIPANTS: According to the diagnostic standard set by the American Diabetes Association in 1997 (fasting blood glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L,postprandial blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L), 96 diabetic patients were selected, including 56 males ＜ 60 years old and 40 females who had not entered the menopausal period, excluding the influence of age and osteoporosis caused by menopause. The average age of the subjects was (48.7±10.5)years, their duration were from one month to twenty-one years with the aver age of (7.85±2.56) years, and their general information had no significant differences.METHODS: According to the urine albumine excretion rate and renal function, the patients were divided into four groups: normal albuminuria group (n=48), microalbuminuria group (n=28), macroalbuminuria group (n=15), renal failure group (n=5). The bone mineral densities of lumbar spines (L2-4), femoral neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter were detected with Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and then the fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urine albumine excretion rate were compared between the patients with and without osteoporosis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urine albumine excretion rate, as well as the bone mineral density, were observed in all the patients.RESULTS: The L2-3 bone mineral density in the macroalbuminuria group was significantly different from that in the microalbuminuria group (P ＜ 0.05). The proximal femur bone mineral density in the microalbuminuria group was significantly different from that in the normal albuminuria group (P ＜ 0.05). The bone mineral densities of proximal femur and lumbar spine in the renal failure group were significantly decreased as compared with those in the other groups (P ＜ 0.01). The disease course,glycosylated hemoglobin A, alkaline phosphatase and body mass index were significantly different between the patients with and without osteoporosis (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of osteoporosis is increased with the aggravation of nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy may be closely correlated with the decrease of bone mineral density and the occurrence of osteoporosis.

Objective To determine the level of defensins(HNP_(1-3))and interleukin-8(IL-8)in colon tissue of patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)and to explore the relationship between HNP_(1-3)and IL-8 and the severity of disease.Methods The level of HNP_(1-3)and IL-8 in colon mucosa of UC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry method.Results The levels of HNP_(1-3)and IL-8 in colon mucosa of UC patients were much higher than that of normal controls.The expression of HNP_(1-3)and IL 8 of UC patients was higher in involved mueosa than in corresponding normal mucosa.The expression of HNP_(1-3) and IL-8 was related to the extent of lesion and the degree of disease.The expression of HNP_(1-3)was significantly correlated with that of IL-8(r_s＝0.957,P＜0.01).Conclusions The induction of HNP_(1-3) and IL-8 was involved in process of inflammation and development of UC.Regulating mechanisms of HNP_(1-3)expression might be related with the induction of IL-8.

Objective To explore the pulsed wave Doppler (PWD) manifestations of acute experimental incomplete testicular torsion. Methods Eight healthy dogs were surgically modeled to obtain unilateral acute testis torsion from 180° to 630°, respectively. The peak systole velocity (PSV) and resistance index (RI) of intratesticular artery, capsular artery and arteria spermatica interna were measured with PWD before torsion, 2 h, 4 h and 6 h after torsion. Testes were examined pathologically after the experiment. Results PSV and RI of capsular artery and intratesticular artery decreased gradually with the extension of torsional time (P<0.05). PSV and RI of superior, torsional and inferior segments of arteria spermatica interna varied greatly and showed no strong regularity (P＞0.05) . The pathological results of testes showed no distinct changes or just mild interstitial hyperemia and edema. Conclusion The decrease of PSV and RI of capsular artery and intratesticular artery, especially RI have referential value in the judgement of acute experimental incomplete testicular torsion, whereas changes of PSV and RI of superior, torsional and inferior segments of arteria spermatica interna are not reliable.

The kinase domain of receptor tyrosine kinase(RTK) ErbB2 was expressed fused with GFP in Pichia pastoris. Recombinant expression vector pPIC3.5K was constructed in Escherichia coli TOP10. The right P. pastoris transformants were screened on his-deficient plates and YPD-G418 plates by turns after electroporation of recombinant vector, and then induced by methanol in baffled shake bottles. The strain with highest protein yield was scaled up in a 5 L fermentor. Recombinant protein was analyzed with tyrosine kinase assay after Ni2+ affinity chromatograph. Results showed that the 100 kD recombinant protein with tyrosine kinase activity was successfully expressed in P. pastoris.

Objective To compare the dosimetric parameters between the use of Tandem and Ring (TR;Nucletron#090.617) or Tandem and Ovoid (TO;Nucletron#189.730) applicators during three-dimensional (3D) high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy (BT) for cervical cancer.Methods The records of 40 cervical cancer (ⅡB-ⅣA) patients treated with 3D-image-guided HDR-BT were reviewed.Of these 40 patients, 20 were treated with the TO applicator, and 20 with the TR applicator.The D100% and V150% of the clinical target volume (CTV) and the D2 cc of organs at risk (OAR)(the rectum, bladder, and small intestine) during 3D-HDR-BT using TO and TR were compared using the independent sample t-test.ResultsOverall metrics:CTV volume:66.04±13.86 cm3(TR) vs.65.67±15.08 cm3(TO)(P=0.052);CTV D100:3.71±0.34 Gy (TR) vs.3.37±0.49 Gy (TO)(P=0.016);CTV V150%:0.54±0.02(TR) vs.0.56±0.04(TO)(P=0.034);rectum D2 cc:3.38±0.30 Gy (TR) vs.2.95±0.80 Gy (TO)P=0.037);bladder D2 cc:4.33±0.39 Gy (TR) vs.2.93±1.27 Gy (TO)(P=0.00);and small ntestine D2 cc:3.04±1.02 Gy (TR) vs.3.41±0.57 Gy (TO)(P=0.171).Conclusions TR has better CTV coverage than TO during 3D HDR brachytherapy for cervical cancer.In addition, D2 cc of the rectum and bladder were both igher with TR than with TO, though there is no significant dosimetric difference in the small intestine between the two applicators.Therefore, tumor location, extent of invasion, and vaginal conditions should be considered when selecting the suitable pplicator for the treatment of cervical cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of resin infiltration in the treatment of post-orthodontic white spot lesions (WSLs)and compare it with microabrasion.Methods:1 0 subjects with 66 teeth with noncavitated and unrestored WSLs after multibracket treatment were recruited.A simple randomized,split-mouth and controlled design was used to allocate WSLs to the resin infiltration and micro-abrasion groups(n =33).The area of the WSLs were measured photographically by using image analysis software before treatment (T0),1 week(T2)and 3 months(T3)after treatment.Data were analyzed with multifactorial analysis of the variances with repeated measures at an a level of 5% and a power of 80%.Results:The area of the white spot lesions(R)decreased significantly in both groups(P <0.05).At T3 the success rate of resin infiltration group(88.68%)was significantly higher than that of microabrasion group (64.67%)(P <0.05).Conclusion:Resin infiltration is more effective than microabrasion in the treatment of post-orthodontic WSLs.

Fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FAIT) is a severe perinatal complication, which can seriously affect fetal development, and may even lead to intrauterine hemorrhage and intrauterine death. There are controversies in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease due to its low incidence and limited treatment experience. This paper reviews the progress to date in understanding the condition, incidence, screening of high-risk factors, prenatal and delivery management of FAIT based on domestic and foreign guidelines, in order to help obstetricians in the clinical management of FAIT.

Objective:Identification of some biochemical and physical properties for a new recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL exotoxin fusion protein.Methods:12%SDS-PAGE separating and gel imaging analyzing,peptide mass fingerprinting,Western blot and MTT assasying were used respectively for identification of the protein.Results:Molecular weight of the recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL was 72 628,5% of the difference to its theoretical value 69 561.The result of Western blot indicated that the purified recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL could specifically bind with mAb anti-human B7-2 and the antibody against PEA,while the negative control did not.The recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL digested with trypsin and then detected by MOLTI-TOF-MS.It was shown that the detected 15 peptides lied in the extracellular part of B7-2 and the truncated Pseudomonas extoxin PE40KDEL.Searching in the peptident data bank of Expasy website,we did not find any known proteins which was accordant with the above terms.The cytotoxic activity of the recombinant toxin with MTT method showed that the B7-2-PE40KDEL selectively killed Jurkat cell line which expressesed CD28 receptor well and had no killing effect on the Raji cell line unexpressing CD28 receptor.Conclusion:Recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL exotoxin fusion protein we construct proves to be a new one with targeted killing bioactivity to B7:CD28 system.

This study aimed at unfolding the therapeutic effects of freeze-dried powder separated from Shuang Xia decoction (SXD) on female senile drosophila melanogaster with fragmented sleep.Taking drosophilas as the model organisms,the locomotor activity was monitored using the autonomic monitoring software to explore the regulation of fragmented sleep in senile drosophilas by the treatment of SXD.As a result,it was found that the optimum concentration of SXD was 2.50％,while the desirable therapeutic duration was 4 days.In comparison with the control group,35-day-old virgin drosophilas'sleep was prolonged in the SXD group and the positive control group.The positive drug mainly affected their sleep in the daytime,while SXD impacted their sleep at night featuring the prolonged fragmented sleep.In conclusion,it was demonstrated that the freeze-dried powder of SXD effectively alleviated intermittent insomnia in the female senile drosophilas.Compared with positive drug,SXD also mitigated intermittent insomnia at night without significant changes in the sleep of the drosophilas in the daytime.Above all,SXD was beneficial in the regulation of sleep-wake rhythm in the drosophilas.

Objective To investigate the application value of extracorporeal extended field radiotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer. Methods A total of one hundred and twenty patients with stage IIB?IVA cervical cancer in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from June 2012 to June 2014 were randomly divided into two groups:the control group and the observation group,each with 60 cases. The routine concurrent chemoradiotherapy was adopted in the control group. The observation group was treated with extracorporeal extended field radiotherapy combined with concurrent chemotherapy. The patients have been followed up for three years. The total efficacy rate,toxicity reaction,local progression free survival time ( PFS) and survival rate of the two groups were compared. Results The total efficacy rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( 88. 3%( 53/60 ) vs. 73. 3%( 44/60 ) , χ2 = 4. 357, P=0. 037),while the incidences of toxicity reaction in the two groups were 18. 3%(11/60) and 16. 7%(10/60), the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=0. 058,P=0. 810) ,the percentages of I and II degree in the two groups were 3. 4%( 2/60 ) and 3. 4%( 2/60 ) , the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (Z=0. 000,P=1. 000). The PFS value in the observation group was significantly longer than that of the control group ( 25. 6 months vs. 13. 8 months,χ2 = 25. 624, P= 0. 000 ) , and the survival rate in the observation group improved significantly ( 53. 3%( 32/60 ) vs. 33. 3%( 20/60 ) , the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 4. 887, P= 0. 027 ) . Conclusion Extracorporeal extended field radiotherapy is safe and effective in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer.