Brain ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; Neuropeptides ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective To compare the dosimetric parameters between the use of Tandem and Ring (TR;Nucletron#090.617) or Tandem and Ovoid (TO;Nucletron#189.730) applicators during three-dimensional (3D) high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy (BT) for cervical cancer.Methods The records of 40 cervical cancer (ⅡB-ⅣA) patients treated with 3D-image-guided HDR-BT were reviewed.Of these 40 patients, 20 were treated with the TO applicator, and 20 with the TR applicator.The D100% and V150% of the clinical target volume (CTV) and the D2 cc of organs at risk (OAR)(the rectum, bladder, and small intestine) during 3D-HDR-BT using TO and TR were compared using the independent sample t-test.ResultsOverall metrics:CTV volume:66.04±13.86 cm3(TR) vs.65.67±15.08 cm3(TO)(P=0.052);CTV D100:3.71±0.34 Gy (TR) vs.3.37±0.49 Gy (TO)(P=0.016);CTV V150%:0.54±0.02(TR) vs.0.56±0.04(TO)(P=0.034);rectum D2 cc:3.38±0.30 Gy (TR) vs.2.95±0.80 Gy (TO)P=0.037);bladder D2 cc:4.33±0.39 Gy (TR) vs.2.93±1.27 Gy (TO)(P=0.00);and small ntestine D2 cc:3.04±1.02 Gy (TR) vs.3.41±0.57 Gy (TO)(P=0.171).Conclusions TR has better CTV coverage than TO during 3D HDR brachytherapy for cervical cancer.In addition, D2 cc of the rectum and bladder were both igher with TR than with TO, though there is no significant dosimetric difference in the small intestine between the two applicators.Therefore, tumor location, extent of invasion, and vaginal conditions should be considered when selecting the suitable pplicator for the treatment of cervical cancer.

Objective To observe clinical efficacy of treating acute facial neuritis with routine acupuncture treatment and tube moxibustion therapy. Methods Totally 100 cases were divided into observation group (50 cases) and control group (50 cases) with random number table method. Both groups were treated with acupuncture on accupoints of Yifeng (SJ17), Dicang (ST4), Jiache (ST6), Xiaguan (ST7), Yingxiang (LI20), Taiyang (EX-HN5), Cuanzhu (BL2) of affected side, Hegu (LI4) of unaffected side. On the basis of routine treatment, observation group was given electronic tube moxibustion therapy, inserting the ipsilateral external auditory canal about 1 cm and waiting for burning out, 20 min each time. Control group received TDP to irradiate ipsilateral ear, 20 min each time. Treatment for both groups were once a day, 5 times as a treatment course, 2 d between each course, for 4 courses. House-Brakmann facial nerve functional index, temperature differences on face and retroauricular skin and ear pain duration were observed. Clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results One and two cases were lost in observation group and control group, respectively. The total effective rate of clinical efficacy was 91.67% (44/48) in the observation group and 75.51% (37/49) in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, House-Brakmann facial nerve functional index in both groups improved (P<0.05), and the observation group was better than the control group (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, temperature differences on face and retroauricular skin in both groups decreased, and the observation group was better than the control group (P<0.01). The ear pain duration in the observation group was shorter than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Tube moxibustion therapy combined with routine acupuncture can improve the symptoms of acute facial neuritis and promote clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the epidemiology and relevant risk factors of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in hospital old patients for non-respiratory tract. Methods Seventy-eight patients of IFI in non-respiratory tract were enrolled in this investigation. The incidence and risk factors of IFI were analyzed by prospective case-control study. Results In 78 old patients, 84 strains were isolated from different parts, and the most was Candida spp 82 strains (97.62%,82/84), followed by Candida albicans 55 strains (67.07%,55/82), Candida glabrata 13 strains ( 15.85%, 13/82), Candida krusei 6 strains (7.32%, 6/82), Candida tropicalis 4 strains (4.88% ,4/82), Candida parapsilosis 3 strains (3.66% ,3/82), Candida lusitaniae 1 strain ( 1.22%, 1/82). Aspergillus 2 strains (2.38%,2/84). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, pathogen detection time, underlaying disease,glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants were the risk factors for IFI in non-respiratory tract. Conclusions Candida albicans is the main pathogens of Candida infections in old patients. To efficiently control the risk factors should be emphasized in old patients, including early diagnosis and treatment underlying diseases, appropriate use drugs, right to shorten hospital stay.

Objective To investigate the etiology features and relevant risk factors of non-albicans candida infections in hospital. Methods 256 patients of non-albicans candida infections admitted in the second hospital of shanxi medical university from April 2006 to March 2008 were enrolled in this investigation, and a prospective case-control study was executed on 256 cases of non-albicans candida infections and 1220 cases of non-fungal infections. The incidence and risk factors of non-albicans candida infections were analyzed by statistical software SPSS13.0. Results Candida glabrata was the most common reason of non - albicans candida infections (38. 28% ) , followed by candida krusei (37. 11% ), candida parapsilosis ( 12. 50% ), candida tropicalis (9. 77% ), candida lusitaniae (2. 34% ). Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that aging, length of stay, underlying disease, losing albumin, using prophylaxis antifungal drugs, using broad spectrum antibiotics, invasive examination and treatment ( such as total parenteral nutrition ( TPN ), invasive procedures, central venous catheters, hemodialysis and mechanical ventilation,et al. ) were the independent risk factors for non-albicans candida infections. Conclusions Non-albicans candida was the main of fungal infections in patients. To efficiently control the disease, it will be helpful by early diagnosis and treatment underlying diseases and commodities and using appropriate tools of examine and treatment methods.

To evaluate the protective effects of intravitreal injection of cannabinoid HU - 211 for optic nerve in glaucoma rats, providing the experimental evidence in the treatment of glaucoma optic nerve injury.
●METHODS: Glaucoma rats (18 eyes) were modeled by electric coagulation sclera surface vein and randomized into 3 groups, group A received intravitreal injection of 1mg/ 0. 1mL cannabinoid HU - 211 every other day respectively; group B was given intravitreal injection of 0. 1mL water every other day, group C was high intraocular pressure (lOP) group, 6 eyes were randomly selected for blank control group ( group D). lOP was observed every day. The rats were sacrificed after treatment 4wk, froze retina section, HE stain. The density fluctuation of retinal ganglion cell ( RGC ) neurons assessment the optic nerve of rat model with chronic high lOP glaucoma were measured.
●RESULTS: The apoptosis and damage degree of RGC in group B was obviously higher than that in group A, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in groups B and C (P >0. 05).
●CONCLUSlON: lntravitreal injection of cannabinoid HU-211 shows obvious protective effect on optic nerve in glaucom rat models.

Objective: To investigate the role of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in supporting hematopoiesis and the expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in vitro. Methods: According to the fact that HUVEC supernatant has colony stimulating activity shown by methylcellulose colony-forming assay and HUVEC can maintain the survival of mononuclear cells for at least four weeks in vitro, CD34+ cells from umbilical cord blood were seeded with (HUVEC group) or without (control group) HUVEC monolayer. Every week cells were collected and counted, the frequency of CFU-GM was measured by using methylcellulose colony-forming assay, and the percentage of CD34+ and CD41a+ cells was measured by flow cytometry. Results: In control group，all the CD34+ cells died in two weeks. However, in HUVEC group,most nucleated cells and CD34+ cells were expanded by 68.1±14.8 fold and 6.6±1.4 fold，respectively at the third week while CFU-GM expansion reached its peak (5.7±2.1 fold) at the week 2. Moreover, the percentage of CD41a+ cells was enhanced significantly, reaching a maximum (15.6%) at the week 3. Conclusions:HUVEC can support hematopoiesis in vitro and expand the hematopoietic progenitor cells and CD41a+ cells in direct contact coculture.

Objective To investigate the dosimetric influence of dwell weight standard deviation (DWSD) and applicator displacement in cervical cancer patients treated with three-dimensional brachytherapy.Methods A total of 20 cervical cancer patients who had completed radical treatment were selected in this study.The Fletcher applicator (Nucletron#189.730) was used for these patients.A new plan,based on the former CT images and structures,was designed for each patient.In former and new plans,dwell weight was recorded,and DWSD was calculated.Two groups,low-DWSD (LDWSD,0.141-0.299) and high-DWSD (HDWSD,0.211-0.337),were set according to the DWSD size for the two plans.Dosimetric effects from ± 1 mm displacement of tandem applicator or ovoid applicator were simulated with Oncentra (R) Brachy V4.3 treatment planning system.D100,D90,and V150 for clinical target volume (CTV)and D0.1cc,D1cc,and D2cc for the bladder,rectum,and sigmoid were evaluated.Dosimetric comparisons were made between the LDWSD group and HDWSD group to study the dosimetric effects of DWSD and applicator displacement in cervical cancer patients.Results The dosimetric effects from applicator displacement increased with increasing DWSD.If there was a 1 mm displacement of tandem applicator or ovoid applicator,D100,D90,and V150 of CTV were 3.0％,23.8％,and 4.8％ higher or 0.5％,1.2％,and 5.2％ higher in the HDWSD group than in the LDWSD group;D0.1cc,D1cc,and D2cc of the bladder and rectum were significantly higher in the HDWSD group than in the LDWSD group,particularly for the sigmoid (up 44.0％,22.8％,and 16.8％) and (up 10.3％,14.4％,and 12.4％).Conclusions DWSD should be considered in plan evaluation for cervical cancer patients treated with three-dimensional brachytherapy.The dosimetric influence from applicator displacement can be decreased by reducing DWSD properly.

Objective To measure the macular thickness of natural population in Changping district of Beijing by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to analyze whether there is an increased thickness in diabetic patients.Methods In a cross-sectional population-based study, OCT was performed on 521 subjects (233 with normal glucose homeostasis, 174 with pre-diabetes and 114 with type 2 diabetes (T2D) according to 2011 Health Examination Survey of Changping.The subjects also received physical examination and laboratory measurements including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-2 h plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).Results The results showed that central subfield thickness (CST) of the retina of men ((246±22) μm) was significantly greater than that of women ((235±26) μm) (P＜0.001).Meanwhile, no significant difference was found in the CST in subjects of different age, HbAlc and body mass index (BMI) (P＞0.05).Difference in thickness of different glucose groups was not seen in central subfield, inner subfields and outer subfields(P＞0.05).Conclusions Retina CST of men was significantly greater than that of women.No significant difference was found in the CST in subjects of different age, HbA1c and BMI.

Objective To investigate the circulating microRNAs carrier in pancreatic cancer.Methods Pancreatic cancer cell lines SW1990 and BxPC3 were routinely cultured and serum of 6 patients with pancreatic cancer and 6 healthy subjects (control group) were collected.Serum and pancreatic cancer cell line supernatant microvesicles (MV) were obtained by gradient centrifugation.The expression of Ago2,CD63 was detected by Western blotting,the expression of microRNA in microvesicle section and microvesicle-free section in serum was detected by using quantitative PCR method.Results The supernatant MV of pancreatic cancer cell lines expressed Ago2,CD63 protein,and these MV carried different microRNAs in different cell lines.In the serum of pancreatic cancer and control group,miR-20a,miR-21,miR-24,miR-25,miR-191,miR-483-5p were detected,but the quantity was relatively higher in MV section,and the expression of microRNAs in pancreatic cancer's MV was inconsistent with that of control group.The expression of miR-20a,miR-24,miR-191 in pancreatic cancer group was (2.93 ± 0.29),(2.73 ± 0.46),(2.39 ± 0.51) times as much as those in control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (F =75.97,25.80,12.94,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The main circulating microRNAs carrier in pancreatic cancer is microvesicle.