Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Src kinase in renal interstitial fibrosis of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice.Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,including sham operation group (n=8),sham operation+PP2 group (n=8),UUO operation group (n=8) and UUO operation+PP2 group (n=8).The mice were injected 2 mg/kg PP2 by intraperitoneal everyday after surgery in sham+PP2 group and UUO+PP2 group.PP2 dissolved in 1％ DMSO (formulated with normal saline).Sham and UUO group were given equal 1％ DMSO.The mice were sacrificed at 7th day.Renal collagen was observed with Sirius red stain.The activities of Src,protein kinase B (PKB,AKT),p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK),extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the protein expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN) were detected by Western blotting.The expression of collagen I (COL [) was detected by immunohistochemistry and the expressions of matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP-9),tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1),transforming growth factor-β31 (TGF-β31),monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1),interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by ELISA.Resuts Compared with sham mice,UUO mice on 7th day displayed obvious renal fibrosis.Meanwhile,UUO mice had increased expressions of COL Ⅰ and FN,and activities of AKT,ERK and p38 MAPK (all P ＜ 0.05).Their renal expressions of α-SMA,TGF-β1,MMP-9,TIMP-1,MCP-1 and IL-6 were also raised (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with those in UUO group,in UUO + PP2 group the activities of Src,AKT,p38 MAPK and ERK,and expressions of TGF-β1,MCP-1 and IL-6 decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Additionally,expressions of COL Ⅰ,FN and α-SMA,collagen deposition and renal fibrosis receded in UUO + PP2 group (all P ＜ 0.05).However,the expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were not influenced by PP2 treatment.Conclusions Src kinase promotes myofibroblasts accumulation and inflammatory reaction through activating its downstream signaling pathway in the progressing of renal interstitial fibrosis.

The basic physiological function of anti-arrhythmic drugs is affects myocardial cell membrane ion channels. Change the ion flow and affect cell electrophysiological properties, change the conduction velocity, eliminate retrace, inhibit autorhythmicity and trigger events, inhibit the occurrence of arrhythmia, but will trigger a new activities, new retrace, produce new arrhythmia. In recent years, with the improvement of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine and the production of new research methods, Chinese medicine treatment of arrhythmia has a new development. This article summarized the recent decades of which Chinese medicine monomer anti-arrhythmic drugs that had been proved by the influence of monomer anti-arrhythmic drugs, lists the differents traditional Chinese medicinal materials which chemical composition and the effective of the anti-arrhythmic effects, shows the unique advantages of Chinese medicine in the aspect of anti-arrhythmic, and points out that the current Chinese medicine in anti-arrhythmic (monomer) existing problems and solutions.
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; therapeutic use ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; drug therapy ; Biomedical Research ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effect of nanotubes on rat aortic endothelium damage.Methods Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with carbon nanotubes(CNTs) at the doses of 0,3.5 and 17.5 mg/kg,and with a carbon black negative control,or a quartz positive control.The rats were euthanized after 7 or 30 days of the single treatment,the oxidative stress(GSH,O_2~-?) was determined by using biochemical kits,the expression of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in serum was determined by using ELISA kits and ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on aortic endothelium was determined with immunohischemistry.Results The content of GSH and O_2~1?in serum increased with a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.A up-regulated expression of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in serum and ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the aortic endothelium was seen.No vascular damage was seen in the rat treated with carbon black,in those treated with high-dose CNTs obvious inflammation was revealed.Conclusion Carbon nanotubes exposure can induce oxidative stress which may be followed by the up-regulated expression of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in serum and ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the aortic endothelium,and then the endothelium disfunction may occur.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) is a non-selective cation channel, located on cell membranes. TRPV3 is extensively expressed in various organs such as skin, brain, dorsal root ganglia, heart and colon. It's reported that TRPV3 involves in many physiological processes including sensation, skin barrier formation, hair growth and vasodilatation, and pathological processes like pruritus, cutaneous inflammatory disease and cancer. TRPV3 can respond to innoxious warm stimulation (≥ 33 ‍℃‍), endogenous substances (e.‍g., farnesylpyrophosphate) and exogenous small molecules (e.g., carvacrol, camphor and 2-APB). Recently, several natural or synthetic small molecules (e.g., osthole, 74a and dyclonine) have been shown to suppress TRPV3 activity, accompanying with therapeutic efficacy in animal models of diseases, which suggests the potential of TRPV3 as drug target. This paper reviews the research progress on the structure, physiological functions, related diseases and modulators of the TRPV3 channel to provide theoretical references for the future study on TRPV3 channel.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Xianzhong Injection (XI) on morphology of knee and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in rabbits with early stage osteoarthritis (OA).

METHODSOne hundred and twenty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups, the blank group, the model group treated with 0.5 mL normal saline once a week, the positive control group treated with 0.5 mL hyaluronate once a week, and the XI 1 group and XI 2 group with 0.5 mL XI once and twice a week, respectively, all the medicines were medicated via intra-articular injection. Knee joint function was examined 8 weeks after modeling, IGF-1 content in serum and synovia was detected, and the histologic examination of articular cartilage was observed by Mallory staining as well.

RESULTSThe improvement of knee joint function was better in the XI 1 and 2 groups than that in the model group (P < 0.01), and that in the XI 1 group was equivalent to that in the positive control group (P > 0.05). Histologic examination showed there was no calcification in all the layers of cartilage in the positive control group and the XI 1 group with complete cartilaginous bluish-green collagen preserved. The content of IGF-1 increased in synovia and serum in the positive control group and the two XI groups as compared with that in the model group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONXI can improve knee joint function to certain extent in early OA, and repair the degenerative cartilage.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Male ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Synovial Membrane ; metabolism ; Time Factors

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Phthalic Acids ; analysis ; Spectrophotometry ; methods ; Workplace

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical experiment of cortical screw in the treatment of tibiofibular syndesmosis separation together with ankle fractures.

METHODSFrom March 2008 to May 2012,42 patients with tibiofibular syndesmosis separation were treated with cortical screw, including 20 cases in the left and 24 cases in the right. All the patients had closed injury. According to Lauge-Hansen classification, there were 18 cases of supination-external rotation, in which 4 patients with injuries belong to type II, 8 patients with injuries belong to type III, 6 patients with injuries belong to type IV; 14 cases of pronation-external rotation, in which 6 patients with injuries belong to type III, 8 patients with injuries belong to type IV; and 12 cases of pronation-abduction, in which 4 patients with injuries belong to type II, 8 patients with injuries belong to type III. According to injury of ankle, 4 patients had injuries in one ankle, 28 patients had injuries in 2 ankles, and 12 patients had injuries in 3 ankles. All the patients were diagnosised definitely in sight of medical history, checking-up, iconography. The clinical effects were evaluated based on Baird-Jackson score and activity degree of ankle.

RESULTSAll the patient were followed up, and the duration ranged from 11 to 23 months, with an average of 15.7 months. No postoperative wound infection, nonunion, and tibiofibular syndesmosis separation again and other complications occurred. Postoperative Baird-Jackson score exhibited 91.56 ± 6.26 (75 to 99), and 26 patients got an excellent result, 10 good, 6 poor and 2 bad. One patient had nail broken after operation,and got good function after removing broken nail without external fixation. Other 1 patient had osteoarthritis to 1 degree, and got better result with the treatment of physical therapy and intra-articular injection.

CONCLUSIONCortex screw is the effective treatment for tibiofibular syndesmosis separation. Clear diagnosis, delicate operation and postoperative reasonable functional exercise are primary factor of prognosis.

Adult ; Ankle Fractures ; surgery ; Ankle Joint ; surgery ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the value of phased array probe of transesophageal echocardiography miniature (micro-TEE) in the neonatal and infant cardiac surgery intraoperation.Methods Micro-TEE probe was used in children with weight ≤5 kg undergoing cardiac surgery to detect the atrial and ventricular cavity size,the left and right ventricular outflow tract diameter were detected by transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) 3-7 d after operation,and compared with the measured value immediately after the TEE.Results Before and after intubation,airway index not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Preoperative TEE and TTE inspection results were consistent with intraoperative diagnosis.Postoperative TEE measuring intracardiac structural data (each room,chamber size and left and right ventricular outflow tract diameter) and postoperative TTE measurement value representing the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Micro TEE intraoperative guardianship of low birth weight infants is safe and feasible,and can supplement and improve the preoperative diagnosis,and can accurately and timely evaluate postoperative curative effect.

Objective To explore whether lymphovascular invasion can be used as a prognostic indicator in patients with bladder cancer underwent radical cystectomy.Methods The series included clinical data of 459 patients who had underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between January 2006 and December 2012 in our hospital.Among all the patients,391 were male while 68 were female.Pathological grade G1 was diagnosed in 47,G2 in 104 and G3 in 308.Amount of pathological stage T1 or Tis or Ta or T0 was 167,T2 127,T3 89 and T4 76.Of all the patients,92 had lymph node metastasis.Follow-up time was between 13 and 99 months.The presence or absence of lymphovascular invasion was determined by HE staining in the radical cystectomy specimen.The x2 test was used to detect the association between lymphovascular invasion and several clinicopathological features,the Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare recurrence-free survival according to findings of lymphovascular invasion in the surgical specimen,and the multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to assess the prognostic significance of some factors.Results Lymphovascular invasion was detected in 128 (28％) specimens.Among them,44 (34％) had tumor recurrence.Lymphovascular invasion was significantly associated with gender,tumor grade,pathological stage,lymph node metastasis and disease recurrence.Recurrence-free survival in patients without lymphovascular invasion was significantly higher than that in those with lymphovascular invasion (P＜ 0.05).Cox proportional hazards model showed that age,pathological stage and lymph node metastasis were independent predictors for disease recurrence.Conclusion In patients with bladder cancer underwent radical cystectomy,lymphovascular invasion may have a significant association with some prognostic parameters,but it can not be used as an independent predictor of disease recurrence.