Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Lipid A ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo study the association of SNP276 in adiponectin gene with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) complicating with the different component numbers of metabolism syndrome (MS) in population of IGR in Han people of Shanxi region.MethodsThe study population consisted of 256 subjects with IGR which was composed of 123 subjects with component numbers of MS ＜2 (IGRA) and 133subjects with component numbers of MS≥2 (IGRB),and 128 subjects with normal healthy (Normal) who were Chinese Hans residents and in Shanxi province.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was applied to test the adiponectin SNP276G/T polymorphism.ResultsThe distributions of genotypes and alleles of SNP276 both displayed significant difference among the three groups ( x2 =16.893,P =0.002 ; x2 =18.149,P =0.000).In the IGRA,the SNP276 non-TT ( GT + GG) genotype was no difference which increased risk of complicating with the different component numbers of MS( P =0.781,P =0.809).In IGRB,the SNP276 non-TT ( GT + GG) genotype was associated with increased risk of complicating with the different component numbers of MS,and after age and sex-adjusted,there was significant difference ( P =0.007,P =0.007).ConclusionsSNP276 in APM1 increased the risk of complicating with the components of MS in population with impaired glucose regulation in Han people of Shanxi region.

Coronary Sinus ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Subclavian Vein ; Vena Cava, Superior

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy and action mechanism of muscle-region alignment electroacupuncture in treating post-stroke shoulder pain. Method Eighty patients were randomized into a muscle-region alignment needling group and a conventional acupuncture group. The Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), and serum levels of IL-6, TNF-?, and NO were majorly observed before and after the treatment. Result The muscle-region alignment electroacupuncture and conventional acupuncture both obviously reduced the SF-MPQ score and down-regulated the serum levels of IL-6, TNF-?, and NO, and the decreases by the muscle-region alignment electroacupuncture were more significant than that by the conventional acupuncture. Conclusion The action of muscle-region alignment electroacupuncture in treating post-stroke shoulder pain is plausibly by down-regulating serum levels of IL-6, TNF-?, and NO, reducing or inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors and restraining inflammation.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the local drug resistance spectrum antibiotics and foreign guideline in the treatment of patients with community acquired pneumonia(CAP). Methods A prospective,randomized,single blind,and positive drug parallel controlled design was used in the treatment. CAP patients with no underlying disease outpatients and inpatients<48 hours were selected as the research object. The patients in the trial group were given sensitive local drug resistance spectrum antibiotics: moxifloxacin,400 mg and 1 times a day. The patients in the control group were given azithromycin tablets(each 500 mg,once daily) promulgated by the 2007 version of the IDSA / ATS adult CAP guideline. Results There were 106 cases of CAP patients,of which 77 cases completed treatment,including 39 cases in the experimental group and 38 cases in the control group. There were significant differences in the clinical efficacy and bacterial clearance rate between the two groups,with the clinical efficacy of 89.7% and 68.4%(P < 0.01),the bacterial clearance rate of 87.9% and 54.5%(P < 0.05),respectively. Conclusion The clinical efficacy of drug resistant spectrum sensitive antibiotics in the treatment of CAP in Kunming was better than that of IDSA/ATS. Clinicians should pay attention to the characteristics and composition of resistance of common pathogenic bacteria in our country during the study and reference from foreign guideline,and adjust the therapeutic regimen according to the changes of the local drug resistance monitoring data rather than copy the recommended treatment plan by foreign countries.

Background Previous studies using meta-analysis to explore the relationship between air pollution exposure and ischemic stroke (IS) mostly focus on particulate matter-related themes, few include gaseous pollutants in the study, and subgroup analyses of factors such as different lag days, seasons, and genders are rarely been reported. Objective To quantitatively evaluate the relationships between short-term exposures to 6 common air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM₁₀), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and ozone (O₃), and the incidence of IS. Methods A systematic search was conducted to collect literature studying the 6 common air pollutants and IS published up to May 1, 2022 in 6 databases (China Journal Full-text Database, China Biology Medicine Disc, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase). Literature quality evaluation was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Stata 16.0 software was used to conduct meta-analysis including heterogeneity test, combined effect size, meta-regression, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias test. Results A total of 33 articles were qualified for inclusion. The total number of samples included in the literature was 7195631. The meta-analysis results showed that short-term exposures to PM_2.5 (OR=1.0082, 95%CI: 1.0049−1.0116), PM₁₀ (OR=1.0017, 95%CI: 1.0008−1.0026), CO (OR=1.0328, 95%CI: 1.0231−1.0426), NO₂ (OR=1.0150, 95%CI: 1.0079−1.0222), SO₂ (OR=1.0158, 95%CI: 1.0078-1.0238), and O₃ (OR=1.0017, 95%CI: 1.0003−1.0032) were associated with an increased risk of IS. PM₁₀ and O₃ increased the risk of IS in both lag0 and lag1, while PM_2.5, CO, NO₂, and SO₂ all showed an associated increased risk of IS only in lag0. The results of sensitivity analysis showed stable results for all pollutants studied, and there was no publication bias in the literature on the association of the remaining five pollutants with IS incidence except for the PM_2.5-related literature. Conclusion Short-term exposures to PM_2.5, PM₁₀, CO, NO₂, SO₂, and O₃ may increase the incidence of IS, with this risk showing the most significant level on the day of IS onset.

OBJECTIVETo review the current advances on the role of uncoupling protein (UCP) in the pathogenesis and progress of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

DATA SOURCESA comprehensive search of the PubMed literature without restriction on the publication date was carried out using keywords such as UCP and NAFLD.

STUDY SELECTIONArticles containing information related to NAFLD and UCP were selected and carefully analyzed.

RESULTSThe typical concepts, up-to-date findings, and existing controversies of UCP2 in NAFLD were summarized. Besides, the effect of a novel subtype of UCP (hepatocellular down regulated mitochondrial carrier protein, HDMCP) in NAFLD was also analyzed. Finally, the concept that any mitochondrial inner membrane carrier protein may have, more or less, the uncoupling ability was reinforced.

CONCLUSIONSConsidering the importance of NAFLD in clinics and UCP in energy metabolism, we believe that this review may raise research enthusiasm on the effect of UCP in NAFLD and provide a novel mechanism and therapeutic target for NAFLD.

Animals ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; metabolism ; Fatty Liver ; etiology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; physiology ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; analysis ; chemistry ; physiology ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Uncoupling Protein 2

BACKGROUNDIt has been reported that CD8(+) regulatory cells could be induced upon oral tolerance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of CD8α(+) T cells in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice pretreated by oral immune regulation.

METHODSThe effects of five low oral doses of colitis-extracted proteins (CEP) on colitis were evaluated by clinical manifestation and histological lesions. The percentages of CD8α(+) T cells gating on CD3(+) T cells were evaluated in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) and the spleens by flow cytometry. Differences between the two groups were compared by Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test.

RESULTSCompared to bovine serum albumin (BSA)-fed control mice, administration of CEP resulted in marked alleviation of colitis. The proportion of CD8α(+) T cells, not only in intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) of the large intestine (LI) but also in spleen from CEP-fed colitis mice, was significantly higher than that from BSA-fed colitis mice (LI-IELs: (71.5 ± 5.4)% vs. (60.1 ± 4.3)%, P < 0.01; LI-LPLs: (60.7 ± 5.2)% vs. (51.9 ± 4.7)%, P < 0.01; spleen: (24.1 ± 3.6)% vs. (20.3 ± 4.1)%, P < 0.05; n = 8). Mucosal repair in repair-period mice five days after termination of DSS treatment was also accompanied by an increase of CD8α(+) T cells in large intestinal mucosal lymphocytes (LI-IELs: (72.1 ± 3.7)% vs. (61.5 ± 4.5)%, P < 0.01; LI-LPLs: (62.1 ± 5.7)% vs. (52.7 ± 3.6)%, P < 0.01; n = 8). The proportion of CD3(+) T cells increased in Peyer's patches (PPs) and decreased in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) from colitis mice compared to untreated mice, whereas the change pattern of CD3(+) T cells in PPs and MLNs from CEP-fed colitis mice was just on the contrary.

CONCLUSIONImprovement of DSS-induced colitis resulted from oral immune regulation is associated with an increase in CD8α(+) T cells in spleen and large intestinal mucosa.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Colitis ; chemically induced ; complications ; Dextran Sulfate ; toxicity ; Flow Cytometry ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Proteins ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Spleen ; cytology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of compound qizhu granule (CQG) on cellular immunity of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.

METHODSTotally 103 CHB patients treated with lamivudin (LAM) for 6 months, who had partial virological response (HBeAg positive) were randomly assigned to two groups, 50 in the treatment group and 53 in the control group. All patients took LAM 100 mg (once a day) plus ADV 10 mg (once a day). Patients in the treatment group additionally took CQG, one dose per day. After one-year treatment hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA negative rates, HBeAg seroconversion, levels of HBV specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), non-specific CTL and natural killing (NK) cells were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSAfter 1-year treatment, HBV DNA negative rate of the treatment group was 88: 0% in 44 cases, slightly higher than that of the control group (41 cases, 77.4%), but with no statistical difference (P >0.05). HBeAg seroconversion of the treatment group was 32.0% in 16 cases, higher than that of the control group (8 cases, 15.1%), with statistical difference (P <0.05). Levels of HBV specific CTL (0.79%±0. 07%), non-specific CTL (19.4%±1.8%) and NK cells (14. 1%± 1.5%) of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group (0.58% ± 0.08%, 17.5% ± 1.7%, and 11.1%±1.5%, respectively; allP <0.01).

CONCLUSIONTreating CHB patients with partial virological response by ADV plus CQG could improve specific and non-specific cellular immunity, thereby elevating HBeAg seroconversion rate.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of microRNA-144 (miR-144) expression on H9C2 (2-1) myocytes.

METHODSMiR-144 was up-regulated in primary cultured H9C2 (2-1) myocytes through transfection. Cells transfected with Lipofectamine(TM) 2000 and its mixture with miRNA synthesized randomly as blank control and negative control respectively. The up-regulation of miR-144 was confirmed by real-time PCR. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by means of CCK-8, Caspase-3 and flow cytometry.

RESULTSReal-time PCR results showed that the miR-144 expression was obviously increased in miR-144 up-regulation group (2178.84 ± 838.52) compared with negative (2.06 ± 0.73) and blank (1.00 ± 0.00) control group (all P < 0.01). The proliferation was lower, the activity of Caspase-3 was elevated and the apoptosis rates were significantly increased in miR-144 up-regulation group compared with negative and blank control group, while no significant difference was found between the latter 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONMiR-144 mimics may selectively up-regulate the expression of miR-144 in myocardial cells and consequently promote apoptosis and inhibit proliferation in myocardial cells.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; genetics ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Muscle Cells ; metabolism ; Rats ; Sincalide ; metabolism ; Transfection