Objective To investigate the level change of glucose excursion , 8-iso prostaglandin F 2α( 8-iso-PGF2α) in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), and its effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods A total of 62 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus including T2DM group(DM, 30 cases) and T2DM with NAFLD group(DM+NAFLD, 32 cases) were recruited from October 2012 to November 2013 , normal glucose tolerance group had normal glucose tolerance ( NGT;30 cases ) with normal physical examination results.The age, gender, duration, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and blood lipid among three groups were no statistical difference .The clinical data of each patient were collected by professional people .Blood lipids and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were detected.Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were taken in all groups.The Postprandial glucose excursion (PPGE), blood glucose standard deviation (SDBG), mean blood glucose and (MBG) and HbA1c were used to evaluate the glucose excursion.Serum 8-iso-PGF2αwas detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) to evaluate oxidative stress.Inter-group com-parison was conducted with analysis of variance ( ANOVA) .Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the factors of influence .Results⑴The levels of PPGE[(7.34 ±2.23) mmol/L vs (8.52 ±2.43) mmol/L],SDBG[(2.43 ±0.90) mmol/L vs (2.80 ±0.78) mmol/L], MBG[(11.06 ±1.76) mmol/L vs (13.65 ±2.83) mmol/L], and HbA1c [(7.59 ±1.02)% vs (8.05 ±1.52)%] in T2DM group and T2DM with NAFLD group were significantly higher than that in NGT group (both P <0.05); and that in NAFLD group have significantly rise than that in DM group ( P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in HbA 1c between groups.⑵ The level of serum 8-iso-PGF2αwas gradually increased from NGT group [(33.45 ±8.60) pg/ml], DM group [(47.33 ±15.30) pg/ml], to DM +NAFLD group [(56.07 ±13.10) pg/ml], with statistically significant difference ( P <0.05);⑶The Person corre-lation analysis showed that the content of serum 8-iso-PGF2αwas positively correlated with PPGE, SDBG, and MBG ( r =0.796, 0.778 , 0.712 , P <0.01 ) .Conclusions Serum 8-iso-PGF2αis a better parameter to reflect the status of body oxidative stress .The level of oxidative stress is increased with the increase of glucose excursion in T 2DM, which is the important mechanism of its complica-tions of NAFLD.

AIM To develop an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of berberine hydrochloride,jatrorrhizine hydrochloride,palmatine hydrochloride,kaempferol,luteolin and apigenin in Qingre Zhili Pills (Berberidis Radix and Portulacae Herba).METHODS The analysis of methanol extract of this drug was performed on a 35 ℃ thermostatic Agilent TC-C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.02％ potassium dihydrogen phosphate flowing at 0.9 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelengths were set at 265 nm and 360 nm.RESULTS Six constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r≥0.999 3),whose average recoveries were 97.16％-99.90％ with the RSDs of 0.62％-1.48％.CONCLUSION This simple method can be used for the rapid quality control of Qingre Zhili Pills.

Ebola hemorrhagic fever is an acute infectious disease caused by Ebola virus,the mor-tality rate of which is up to 90% . Due to its high infection rate,high mortality rate as well as being a serious threat to public health and safety,Ebola virus is listed as a World Health Organization Risk Group 4 Patho-gen(requiring Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment). However,there is no effective control method and treatment for Ebola virus infection. Different approaches have been used to develop vaccines and therapeutic drugs against Ebola virus infection and clinical trials of some products have been initiated,such as ZMapp, BCX-4430,GS-5734,DNA vaccines,and adenovirus vector vaccines. National Institutes of Health(NIH) announced a successful development of vaccine for Ebola virus which had passed the clinical trial by the end of 2014. At the meantime,the first anti-Ebola virus medicine had also been approved in China for emergency use only. Recent advances in the research and development of therapeutic drugs and vaccines against Ebola virus will be described in this review.

In this study, the effects of hyperosmolality on the expression of urea transporter A2 (UTA2) and aquaporin 2 (AQP2) were investigated in transfected immortalized mouse medullary collecting duct (mIMCD3) cell line. AQP2-GFP-pCMV6 and UTA2-GFP-pCMV6 plasmids were stably transfected into mIMCD3 cells respectively. Transfected mIMCD3 and control cells were cultured in different hypertonic media, which were made by NaCl alone, urea alone, or an equiosmolar mixture of NaCl and urea. The mRNA and protein expression of AQP2 was elevated by the stimulation of NaCl alone, urea alone and NaCl plus urea in AQP2-mIMCD3 cells; whereas NaCl alone and NaCl plus urea rather than urea alone increased the mRNA and protein expression of UTA2 in UTA2-mIMCD3 cells, and all the expression presented an osmolality-dependent manner. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of UTA2 rather than AQP2 was found to be synergistically up-regulated by a combination of NaCl and urea in mIMCD3 cells. It is concluded that NaCl and urea synergistically induce the expression of UTA2 rather than AQP2 in mIMCD3 cells, and hyperosmolality probably mediates the expression of AQP2 and UTA2 through different mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) for unconfirmed microlithiasis under endoscopic retrograde cholangiography ( ERC). Methods The data of 22 patients who were definitely diagnosed as having microlithiasis by IDUS and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) from July 2007 to September 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Microlith was defined as choledo-cholith equal to or less than 3 mm in diameter. Using IDUS plus EST findings as golden standard of bile duct microlithiasis, the accuracy of diagnosis and rate of missed diagnosis of transabdominal ultrasonography, magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) and ERC were evaluated and compared. Results Diagnosis rates of trans-abdominal ultrasonography, MRC and ERC for extra-hepatic duct microlithiasis were 27. 3% (6/22), 38. 5% (5/13) and 27. 3% (6/22) , respectively. Detection rates of common bile duct dilation by 3 methods were 68. 2% (15/22) , 84. 6% (11/13) and 68. 2% (15/22) , respectively. The microlithiasis in 2 patients, which manifested as repeated acute pancreatitis, were missed by transabdominal ultrasonography , MRC and ERC, and were finally confirmed by IDUS. Conclusion Sensitivity of ERC in diagnosis of extra-hepatic microlithiasis is not superior to that of transabdominal ultrasonography or MRC. IDUS is a technically easy, safe, highly sensitive and accurate procedure, which is helpful in differentiation of etiology of recurrent acute pancreatitis.

Objective To investigate the effect of extract ofTangshen-HuazhuoRecipe(TSHZR) on the serum concentrations of transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1) and platelet derived growth factor(PDGF) in patients withⅣ stage of diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods From June 2012 to December 2012, 98 patients ofⅣstage DN in our hospital outpatient were enrolled and randomly divided into treatment group(n=48) and control group(n=50) using random number table. All patients received conventional therapies of controlling blood sugar, lipid, blood pressure and anticoagulant therapy. On such basis, the control group was treated by irbesartan, 150 mg/d, and the treated group treated by TSHZR combined with irbesartan,150 mg/d, for 6 months. Serum TGF-β1 and PDGF were determined with ELISA before and after treatment,and urinary albumin excretion rate,HbA1c,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen and lipid profiles were examined as well. ResultsIn the treated group, the TGF-β1 was(172.5±31.3), (123.6±21.2)pg/ml, the PDGF was(860.9± 131.2), (500.6±130.2)pg/ml before the treatment and after the treatment, respectively. The TGF-β1 and PDGF after the treatment were significantly decreased than those before the treatment(P<0.01). After the treatment, TGF-β1 and PDGF in the treated group were statistically significant compared to the control group[TGF-β1 is(157.4±39.6)pg/ml, PDGF is(765.7±161.8)]pg/ml,P<0.01). After the treatment, the treatment group was superior to the control group in TG(1.72±0.25)mmol/L,(2.09±0.27)mmol/L,(P<0.01), TC(4.56± 0.64)mmol/L,(6.11±0.93)mmol/L, (P<0.01), HDL-C(1.56±0.50)mmol/L,(1.36±0.44)mmol/L, (P<0.01), LDL-C(2.46±1.08)mmol/L(3.32±0.87)mmol/L,(P<0.05)and UAER(100.73±204.24)μg/min, (226.24±396.38)μg/min, (P<0.01).Conclusion TSHZR can inhibit the progressive of IV stage of diabetic nephropathy by suppressing TGF-β1 and PDGF expression level.

Objective To explore the effects of recombinant human hormone(rhGH) on the plasma total protein,plasma albmin,healing of Wound surfaces in patients with the second degree burns wound.Methods 38 pa- tients with the second degree burns wound were divided into treatment group and control group randomly.All the patients were subject general.19 patients in the treatment group were given rhGH in a dose of 0.2U/kg for 14 days beginning from postoperative 5 days.The plasma total protein concentration,plasma albumin concentration,healing rat of wound surface and scar of patients of the two group were compared.Results The plasma total protein concen- tration plasma albumin concentration of the treatment group were significantly in creased,the scar hyperplasia of the treatment group were significantly mitigated and the healing time of wound surfaces of the treatment group were sig- nificantly shortened.Conclusion rhGH is found to promote protein anabotism and shorten the healing time of wound surfaces and mitigate the scar hyperplasia patients with the second degree burns wound.

Objective To construct a system for three dimensional face scanning and measurement. Methods The measurement system was based on the principle of triangulation and the combination of gray-code and phase-shift structured light projection. The system software was developed for Windows XP with the aid of tools such as Visual C++ and Hoops. Results A three dimensional measurement system based on structured light projection was developed. The system hardware was composed of fringe projection unit, image gathering unit, system control unit and mechanical appearance, and the system software was composed of point cloud display and editing module. The lamp house of the system was 12V, the working distance was 900 mm, the scanning time was 5.5 s and the scanning field was 500 mm×400 mm. Conclusion The three dimensional measurement system based on structured light projection is a refined machine with safe light to eyes, and the accuracy and scanning speed are suitable to face scanning.

One endophytic stain SS02 was isolated from the underground stems of Paris polyphylla var. Chinensis franch. The ferments of SS02 showed antibiosis activities against 13 kinds of the crop causes germs. The characteristics of morphology,physiological and biochemical showed that SS02 belonged to Bacillus sp. The 16S rDNA of SS02 was PCR and sequenced. The accession of GenBank is AY842144. The one 16S rDNA phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing with the published 16S rDNA sequences of the relative bacteria species. In the phylogenetic tree SS02 and Paenibacillus daejeonensis was the closest relative with 97.7% sequence similarity. According to the phylogenetic analysis it was identified as Paenibacillus daejeonensis SS02.

Ethanol can be produced from lignocellulose by first hydrolysing the material to sugars,including hexose,and pentose,and then fermenting the hydrolysate to ethanol.Hydrolysis using dilute-acid has advantages over other methods.However,compounds which inhibit fermentation are generated during this kind of hydrolysis.Therefore,it is important to focus on microorganisms metabolizing xylose and tolerating/decomposing inhibitors,on detoxification methods of hydroly- sates with low-cost and facilitated to scale-up,and different fermentation modes in ethanol production from hydrolysate.This review summarized the advance in above aspects.