Child ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous ; pathology ; Male ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology

Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; physiopathology ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Child ; Child Nutrition Disorders ; physiopathology ; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; physiology ; Humans ; Infection ; physiopathology ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; physiopathology

Adolescent ; Cough ; complications ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Fever ; complications ; Humans ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; complications ; diagnosis

Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; congenital ; pathology ; therapy

Acute Disease ; Child ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; complications ; Male ; Pancreatitis ; etiology

Child ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of qianggu capsules (QGC) on the fracture healing and the bone mineral density (BMD) in radius distal osteoporosis fracture (RDOF) patients.

METHODSBone mineral density (BMD) of femoral neck in 65 patients with RDOF was detected after the fracture was fixed manually. They were then randomly divided into two groups. Thirty-three patients in the treated group took QC, 1 capsule (180 mg) each time, three times a day, while 32 patients in the control group took D-Cal Biocal 2 tablets (1500 mg) each time, once daily. The therapeutic course for both groups was three months. X-ray examination on the broken end of the fractured bone was taken every month to observe the bony callus formation for comparing the curative effect, and BMD of femoral neck were detected again after patients were treated for 3 months. The bony callus appeared earlier, more in volume with thicker cortex in the treated group after 2 months of treatment versus that in the control group. The fracture healing time in the treated group was 9.4 +/- 2.5 weeks and that in the control group was 12.5 +/- 2.9 weeks, showing significant difference between them (P < 0.05). BMD in the treated group before treatment was 0.621 +/- 0.085 g/cm2, which was lower than that after treatment (0.646 +/- 0.090 g/cm2) with significant difference showing between them (P < 0.05), while no significant change of BMD was found in the control group between before and after treatment, and significant difference was found in BMD between the two groups after treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONQGC can promote the formation of bony callus ahead of time, increase the volume of bony callus and BMD, improve the bone structure, and thus the time of external fixation in treating RDOF could be reduced.

Aged ; Bone Density ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fracture Healing ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; complications ; Phytotherapy ; Radius Fractures ; complications ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of blood pressure by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) and explore the relationship of the changes in blood pressure with rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in these children.

METHODSABP and casual blood pressure (CBP) monitoring were performed in 114 children with PNS. Plasma levels of rennin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (AngII) and aldosterone (ALD) were measured. The correlation of plasma levels of PRA, AngII and ALD with ABP was evaluated.

RESULTSOf the 114 children with PNS, 101 (88.6%) presented elevated blood pressure. Mild or severe masked hypertension was found in 45 children (39.5%). Eighty (70.2%) children showed non-dipper blood pressure. The index and load of systolic blood pressure were higher than those of diastolic blood pressure. The blood pressure index and blood pressure load during sleep were higher than those during wakefulness. The boy presented higher diastolic blood pressure index and load than girls. Decubitus blood PRA, AngII and ALD levels in children with PNS were significantly higher than normal controls. The group with elevated blood pressure presented significantly higher decubitus blood PRA, AngII and ALD levels than the group with normal blood pressure. AngII level was significantly positively correlated with the index and load of both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.

CONCLUSIONSThe children with PNS present a high incidence of hypertension, with a large percentage of masked hypertension and non-dipper blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure increases more significantly than diastolic blood pressure. Blood pressure during sleep increases more significantly than that during wakefulness. Diastolic blood pressure increases more significantly in boys than in girls. RAAS activity is elevated and the elevated RAAS activity might increase the blood pressure mainly by AngII in children with PNS.

Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; physiopathology ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Shenbing Mistura (SM) combined with glucocorticoid on recurrent nephrotic syndrome (RNS) in children and levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in blood and urine.

METHODSThe treatment group was treated with SM plus glucocorticoid, the control group with glucocorticoid alone, and a healthy control group was adopted, 30 cases in each group. The clinical effect and recurrence rate were observed, and levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha in blood and urine were determined before treatment and at the 4th, 8th, 12th week after treatment.

RESULTSSignificant difference of IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels in blood and urine was found in either the pre- and post- treatment auto-control of both the treatment group and control group, or in the inter-group comparison of them (P < 0.01); clinical effect also showed remarkable difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the recurrence rate of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group showed by a 18-month follow-up (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSM combined with glucocorticoid could significantly reduce the recurrence rate and elevate the clinical effect in children with RNS, it could also lower the levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha in patients' blood and urine.

Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucocorticoids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; analysis ; blood ; urine ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Recurrence ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis ; blood ; urine

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of clearance of superoxide anion by catechin on the expression of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and endothelial nitricoxide synthase (eNOS) and apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) induced by angiotensin II (Ang II).

METHODSThe marrow endothelial progenitor cells of Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated and assigned to control (no treatment), Ang II treatment and Ang II + catechin treatment groups. After 48 hrs of culture, the concentration of O2*- in the supernate was measured by the NBT method, and NO concentration in the supernate was measured by the nitrate reductase method; the apoptosis rate of EPCs was detected by the TUNEL method; the mRNA expression of eNOS was detected by RT-PCR; the protein expression of eNOS was detected by Western blot analysis.

RESULTSAng II of 10-6 mol/L was determined as the suitable concentration for cell induction by the MTT test. Catechin of 400 mg/L was determined as an advisable intervention dosage. The apoptosis rate of EPCs in the control, the Ang II and the Ang II+catechin treatment groups were 2.48+/-0.12%, 54.18+/-0.77% and 16.87+/-0.35%, respectively, and there were significant differences among the three groups (P<0.01). The O2*- concentration in the Ang II and the Ang II+catechin treatment groups (81.7+/- 3.6 and 62.3+/- 2.2 U/L respectively) was significantly higher than that in the control group (33.7+/- 2.8 U/L) (P<0.01). An increased NO concentration was also found in the Ang II (189. 8+/- 9.0 micromol/L) and the Ang II+catechin treatment groups (276.4+/- 10.1 micromol/L) compared with that in the control group (105.8+/- 9.8 micromol/L) (P<0.01). There were significant differences in the concentrations of O2*- and NO between the Ang II and the Ang II+catechin treatment groups (P<0.05). The mRNA (P<0.05) and protein expression (P<0.01) of eNOS in the Ang II and the Ang II+catechin treatment groups increased significantly compared with those in the control group. The Ang II+catechin treatment group showed increased eNOS protein expression compared with the Ang II group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAng II may induce the generation of O2*-, inactivate NO and increase gene and protein expression of eNOS in EPCs. Catechin might decrease the apoptosis of EPCs through the effective clearance of O2*-and the reduction of NO inactivation and of eNOS protein uncoupling.

Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Catechin ; pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Female ; Nitric Oxide ; biosynthesis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; analysis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stem Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Superoxides ; metabolism