Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neck Dissection ; Survival Analysis ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; methods

Antimicrobial peptides are a class of small peptides with anti-extrogenous pathogen activities.They are derived from organism and possess antibacterial,antifungus,antiviruses and anticancer cell actions.In recent years,it’s found that some microbial pathogens are able to resist antimicrobial peptides.The constitutive and inducible mechanism of a pathogen resists a given peptide were reviewed in this paper.

Microcapsule technology recently has been applicated and developed in pharmaceutical,chemical,food and so on.The achievments have been obtained on the novel technics of microcapsulation,analytical methods of microcapsule characteristics,and methods of characterization for the appearance and porous structures of microcapsules.The novel developments on the structure and property of microcapsules were reviewed.

Adult ; Carcinoid Tumor ; pathology ; Ear Neoplasms ; pathology ; Ear, Middle ; pathology ; Female ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in renal cortex of diabetic nephropathy rats.Methods A rat model of DN was established.The rats were randomly divided into control group,DN group and NAC group.After 8 weeks treatment,urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was determined.The expression of TGF-β1 in renal cortex was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR analysis.Pathomorphological changes of renal cortex were observed.Results (1)The levels of UA ER were significantly higher in DN group and NAC group [(1268.3±297.5) μg/24 h and (315.9-±86.8) μg/24 h] than in control group [(31.2±8.9) μg/24 h,q-29.85,16.76,both P＜0.01].The groups of DN and NAC versus group of control showed the increased levels of activity of TGF-β1 in renal cortex [immune-histochemistry index of glomerular mesangial area:7.35±1.17 and 3.87 ± 0.71 vs.1.95±0.34,q= 10.75,5.82,both P＜0.01];immune-histochemistry index of renal tubulointerstitium [21.21± 3.78 and 10.67±1.86 vs.3.62±0.79,q=15.20,11.36,both P＜0.01];the expression of mRNA in renal cortex[0.72±0.06 and 0.45±0.05 vs.0.23±0.04,q=9.13,7.45,both P＜0.01].The pathomorphological changes were significant in DN group and NAC group.(2)The NAC group versus DN group showed a decreased levels of UAER (q=8.17,P＜0.01),activity of TGF-β1 in renal cortex [immune-histochemistry index of glomerular mesangial area:q= 4.97,P＜0.01]immune-histochemistry index of renal tubulointerstitium (q = 6.86,P ＜ 0.01 );the expression of mRNA in renal cortex (q= 3.69,P＜0.05) and showed improvement of pathomorphology in renal cortex.(3) There was a significantly positive correlation between expression quantity of TGF-β1 mRNA in renal cortex and UAER level in NAC group(r= 0.749,P＜0.05).Conclusions The protective effects of NAC on the kidney of DN rats may be partly related with inhibition on the expression of TGF-β1.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus subtle adjustment manipulation of the cervical spine for peripheral facial paralysis.Methods: A total of 60 patients with peripheral facial paralysis who met the screening criteria were selected and divided into two groups according to the method of random number table, with 30 cases in each group. The patients in the acupuncture plus tuina group received routine treatment of acupuncture and subtle adjustment manipulation of the cervical spine, while the patients in the acupuncture group only received the same acupuncture treatment. Assessment of peripheral facial paralysis with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine was adopted for rehabilitation assessment. Results: The total effective rate of the acupuncture plus tuina group was 93.3％, while that of the acupuncture group was 70.0％, and there was a significant between-group difference (P<0.05). After treatment, the total scores of rehabilitation assessment in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (both P<0.05), and the score of the acupuncture plus tuina group was significantly higher than that of the acupuncture group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of acupuncture plus subtle adjustment manipulation of the cervical spine can improve the function of facial muscles in patients with peripheral facial paralysis, and its clinical efficacy is better than that of the acupuncture treatment alone.

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical efficacy and significance of gluteal muscle contracture release for the treatment of gluteal muscle contracture induced knee osteoarthritis.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to June 2010,52 patients with gluteal muscle contracture induced knee osteoarthritis were reviewed. Among the patients,15 patients were male and 37 patients were female, ranging in age from 15 to 45 years, with an average of 35 years. Eighteen patients had left knee osteoarthritis, 30 patients had right osteoarthritis, and 4 patients had double knee osteoarthritis. All the patients were treated with gluteal muscle contracture release. Lysholm knee score was used to evaluate therapeutic effects before and after operation.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 12 to 37 years,with a mean of 15 months. The Lysholm knee score improved from preoperative (68.12 +/- 0.78) points to postoperative (91.23 +/- 0.47) points at the last follow-up, the difference had statistical difference (t=31.269, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONGluteal muscle contracture release is effective to relieve symptoms of gluteal muscles contracture and knee osteoarthritis. The patients with gluteal muscle contracture should be treated early so as to prevent effects of gluteal muscle contracture on knee joint, slow down degeneration of knee joint at early stage, and prevent occurrence of knee osteoarthritis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Buttocks ; Contracture ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment and prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in adolescents.

METHODSThe data of 46 patients with DTC under the age of 18 years were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTSTwenty patients were misdiagnosed in this group (43.5%). All patients received operation, including 39 unilateral neck dissection and 6 bilateral neck dissection, followed by postoperative thyrotropin suppressive therapy. There were 42 cases of papillary carcinoma (91.3%) and 4 cases of follicular carcinoma (8.7%). Cervical lymph node metastasis was found in 39 cases (84.8%). In the follow-up period of 1 to 25 years (mean 10 years), no death of thyroid carcinoma occurred.

CONCLUSIONSThe most common DTC in adolescents is papillary carcinoma with better prognosis regardless of the higher incidence of cervical lymph node metastasis. The optimal extent of primary thyroidectomy and neck dissection followed by postoperative thyrotropin suppressive therapy in adolescents with DTC may improve the quality of life and decrease the incidence of complications.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Adolescent ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Gland ; pathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the correlation of different fractionation schedules in radiotherapy with the local control ( LC) and overall survival ( OS) rates in patients with extensive?stage small cell lung cancer ( ES?SCLC ) , and to figure out the relationship between different fractionation schedules in radiotherapy and the prognosis of ES?SCLC. Methods One hundred and ten patients newly diagnosed with ES?SCLC from February 2010 to March 2015 received chemoradiotherapy. According to the radiation dose, all patients were divided into hypo?fractionation group ( 30?45 Gy/3 Gy/10?15 f, n=31) and conventional fractionation group ( 54?60 Gy/1?8?2?0 Gy/27?30 f, n=79) . In all patients, 90?9% had stageⅣSCLC;21 patients had brain metastasis;39 patients were treated with prophylactic cranial irradiation ( PCI ) . The Kaplan?Meier method was used to calculate the survival time and log?rank test was used for between?group comparison. Between?group comparison of categorical data was made by χ2 test. Results The number of patients followed?up were 85 at 2?years. In all patients, the 2?year OS, progression?free survival ( PFS) , and LC rates were 27?7%, 17?5%, and 38?9%, respectively. The hypo?fractionation group had similar prognosis to the conventional fractionation group. There were no significant differences in the 2?year OS, PFS, and LC rates between the two groups ( 35% vs. 26%, P=0?886;18% vs. 16%, P=0?560;67% vs. 36%, P=0?159) . There was also no significant difference in the 2?year OS rate between patients treated with and without PCI (44% vs. 18%, P=0?044). In 84 patients with treatment failure, 11 had local recurrence, 41 had distant metastasis, and 32 had local recurrence plus distant metastasis. Conclusions The hypofractionated radiotherapy has similar efficacy but substantially shortened radiation time compared with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. The palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy requires further study for ES?SCLC.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of transcript factor SCL/TAL-1 gene in the erythroid differentiation through the knockdown of SCL/TAL-1 mRNA by RNA interference.

METHODSThe plasmid of pTRIP-dU3-RNAiTALh-EF1a-GFP with SCL/TAL1 shRNA was transfected into EPO-induced K562 cell line with erythroid differentiation via lentiviral vector system and the expression of SCL/TAL-1 mRNA decreased. The plasmid pTRIP-dU3- RNAiluc-EF1-GFP expressing EGFP gene was as control. The mRNA levels of SCL/TAL-1 and erythroid related RhD, GPA, CD47 in the cell lines were detected by RT-PCR, and erythroid antigen CD71, CD235a were examined by flow cytometry.

RESULTS(1) After 48 h of transfect, more than 95% of K562 cells were GFP positive, indicating the infection rate of the plasmids in the K562 cells more than 95%. (2) The results of RT-PCR showed SCL/TAL-1 mRNA expression in the K562 cell line of knockdown of SCL/TAL-1 was significantly lower than that in the control (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of CD47 and RhD were also significantly lower, however, GPA decreased slightly in comparison with the control. (3) The expressions of CD71 and CD235a markedly reduced in the K562 cell line of knockdown of SCL/TAL-1 with positive rates as 10.4% and 76.5%, while the positive rates in the control as 94.3% and 83.6%.

CONCLUSIONOur findings suggested that transcription factor SCL/TAL-1 might play an positive role in erythroid differentiation.

Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; K562 Cells ; RNA Interference