OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism and feasibility of the supinator syndrome evoked embitterment test from anatomy and clinic.

METHODS25 cases of The supinator syndrome were reviewed. 18 of them were male and 7 were female. Drop finger deformation were apparent in 25 cases and The supinator syndrome evoked embitterment test was positive for All patients. Operative neurolysis was done in 8 cases, conservation treatment 17 cases; 92 cadaver upper extremities were dissected for a study the relationship between supinator tunnel and posterior interosseous nerve.

RESULTS22 cases had been followed up for an average of 9 months. 16 cases had a full recovery and 6 cases, a partial recovery. the anatomical study shows that The posterior interosseous nerve was compressed by Forhse arcade and the distal border of the supinator muscle during passive pronation forearm.

CONCLUSIONThe supinator syndrome evoked embitterment test was a new test for the diagnosis of supinator syndrome, it was found to be more sensitive and specific than the others test.

Exercise Test ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Compression Syndromes ; diagnosis ; Radial Nerve ; pathology ; Radial Neuropathy ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVETo study the activating effect of protein transduction domain (PTD) mediated BCR/ABL protein on T cells from CML patients.

METHODSThe plasmid containing PTD and b3a2 bcr/abl of CML was constructed by genetic engineering and expressed in E. coli. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CML patients were stimulated in vitro with purified PTD-BCR/ABL protein and the expression of the early activation antigen CD(69) on CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells was detected by flow cytometry (FCM).

RESULTSThe optimal concentration of PTD-BCR/ABL protein for activating CD(8)(+) T cells in vitro was 100 micro g/ml, CD(69) expression peaked in three days stimulation. CD(8)(+) T cells were activated in 10 of 15 CML patients, the expression rate of CD(69) was (15.01 +/- 3.75)%. CD(4)(+) T cells were activated in 4 of 15 patients, the expression rate of CD(69) was (10.32 +/- 3.08)%. Both CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells were activated simultaneously in 3 of them. However, neither CD(4)(+) nor CD(8)(+) T cells was activated by stimulation with BCR/ABL protein in all 15 specimens, the expression rate of CD(69) on CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells was (1.36 +/- 0.31)% and (1.41 +/- 0.43)%, respectively. There was no difference compared with that of PBS control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBy using a PTD-mediated antigen delivering system, exogenous BCR/ABL protein can be delivered into APC, processed and presented onto surface of APC to activate Ag-specific CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells in vitro.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; analysis ; CD4 Antigens ; analysis ; CD8 Antigens ; analysis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Products, tat ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lectins, C-Type ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of Tongxinluo capsule (TXL) on the atherosclerosis obliterans (ASO) in iliofemoral artery of rabbits.

METHODRabbits were randomly divided into 7 groups: sham, model, TXL (0.8, 0.4, 0.2 g x kg(-1)), Tongsaimai tablet (0.8 g x kg(-1)) and Laishike (0.002 g x kg(-1)). The animal model of ASO was established with a combined method of mechanical trauma, immunologic injury and high fat fodder feeding. Rabbits were administrated the drugs 8 weeks after surgery. The levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C in serum were determined at the time points below: pre-experiment (0 week), pre-drug administration (8 weeks post-surgery), 4 weeks after drug administration (12 weeks post-surgery), 8 weeks after drug administration (16 weeks post-surgery), 12 weeks after drug administration (20 weeks post-surgery). Meanwhile, the behavioral study was performed, the distal skin temperature of the injured hind limb detected. The histopathological changes in iliofemoral artery were examined after opacification.

RESULTThe levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C and TC/HDL-C were decreased significantly in serum of ASO rabbits. The severity of lameness in the injured hind limb was improved. The distal skin temperature was increased. The thickness and the ratio of intima area of the iliofemoral artery of the injured hind limb were decreased, while the stenosis extent was improved.

CONCLUSIONTXL might be beneficial to modulate blood lipid, as well as the prevention and treatment for ASO.

Animals ; Arteriosclerosis Obliterans ; blood ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Arthropods ; chemistry ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Capsules ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Femoral Artery ; drug effects ; pathology ; Iliac Artery ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Materia Medica ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Tunica Intima ; drug effects ; pathology

Porous carbon nanoparticles ( NPC) were prepared by ZnCl2 activation and carbonization using citrus waste as carbon source. A sample pretreatment method with NPC as dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE ) absorbent was established for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables by gas chromatography. The NPC was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction ( XRD), FT-IR spectra, Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface area(BET). Those results showed that the NPC was an amorphous porous carbon material with pore size in the range of 0-15 nm. Its specific surface area and pore volume were 1243 m2 / g and 1. 28 cm3 / g, respectively. The analysis conditions, including the amount and clean up time of adsorbent, were optimized by analysis of 14 kinds of oranophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables with gas chromatography-flame photometric determination(GC-FPD). Moreover, the comparison for NPC with commercial materials of PSA, C18 and GCB was investigated in this study. The results indicated that the purification time was only 2 min using 0. 01 g NPC. The cost of NPC was about 25% of C18 , 21% of PSA and 16% of GCB. Because of the porous structure of NPC, the purification efficiency was significantly higher than the three commercial materials mentioned above. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves of the 14 organophosphorus pesticides were linear in the range of 0. 02-1. 00 mg / L with good correlation coefficients (R2>0. 99) and detection limits (S / N=3) of 0. 63-5. 30 μg / kg. The recoveries of the pesticides at three spiked levels ranged from 71. 3% to 114. 7%with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0. 9% -12. 9% . The method is simple, rapid, sensitive, and low cost, and can satisfy the requirements of detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, displaying a good application prospect.

Objective To observe the protective effects of a mixture for protecting liver and supplementing stomach (保肝益胃合剂) on rat acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl_4). Methods The model of rat acute liver damage was established by injection of CCl_4 2 ml/kg into the abdominal cavity.The rat models were treated respectively by the mixture for protecting liver and supplementing stomach 30 g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),the polyene phosphatide acid radical choline capsule [Yi Shanfu (易善复), 180 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)],the glycyrrhizic acid diaminogen capsule [Gan Lixin (甘利欣),30 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)] infused into the stomach.The activities of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were detected.In the mean time,the liver pathological changes were observed,the degree of liver cell necrosis was evaluated,and the rat mortality was noted in various groups of treatment.Results The values of ALT,AST and the score of liver cell necrosis in the group treated with the mixture for protecting liver and supplementing stomach [(1.168?1.066) kU/L,(1.845?2.212) kU/L,(0.56?0.53) score] were significantly lower than those in the model group [(4.982?3.502) kU/L,(7.030?3.616) kU/L, (1.38?0.92) scores],and all the differences being statistically significant (all P

Objective To observe the characteristics of age,alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV DNA) quantitative between HBeAg-negative and HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods The clinical datas of 125 patients with chronic hepatitis B were analyzed retrospectively.According to the expression of HBeAg,divided the chronic hepatitis B patients into two groups:HBeAg-negative and-positive.The datas of age,ALT and HBV DNA were analyzed by statistical methods.Results Among 125 patients,24 cases were HBeAg-negative group accounting for 19.2％ ; 101 cases were HBeAg-positive group accounting for 80.8％.The difference between two groups in average age and HBV DNA was significant,the comparison between ALT of two groups has no statistical significance.In HBeAg-negative groups,HBV DNA quantitative is lower,as the viral load increase,the number of abnormal ALT show a downward trend; In HBeAg positive group,HBV DNA quantitative is higher,as the viral load increase,the ALT abnormal quantity generally show a upward trend.Conclusions The age of HBeAgnegative chronic hepatitis B patients is larger than the HBeAg-positive patients,the level of ALT,HBV DNA quantitative in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients lower than the HBeAg-positive patients,and as the viral load increase,the ALT abnormal number is on the decline,while the latter is opposite.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the surgical technic of re-shape penis and scrotum, as well as construct urethra in severe hypospadias patients.

METHODSTwenty-two cases of perineal hypospadias with abnormal penis and scrotum were involved in operative repair. All the patients underwent two-stage of repair technic. The penis sponge were completely stretched out and uprighted in the first-stage. Foreskin and partial penis back skin was transferred into the ventral of penis and scrotum crack. At second-stage, urethroplasty was performed using bladder mucosa folded into half tube that sutured with urothra plate to reconstruct the urothra. The scrotum were re-shaped using foreskin and skinflap.

RESULTSThe operation's successful rate was 68% (15/22). There were 7 cases (32%) suffered from urethrocutaneous fistula and recovered after repair. Five cases (23%) occurred stricture of urethra and were treated by urethra dilatation. The appearance of penis and scrotum in 22 cases were satisfied.

CONCLUSIONSThe operative methods should be made according to the type of hypospadias and of scrotum. The technic were effective on severe hypospadias with abnormal scrotum, even for the patients who need more than 10 cm urethra construct. The appearance of penis and scrotum were satisfied after following up.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Male ; Penis ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Scrotum ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods

Platelets carry over 20 growth factors, which all have been shown to improve wound healing, particularly recalcitrant wound healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the healing effect of lyophilized platelets on the chronic wounds through establishing diabetic rat chronic wound model. Healthy male SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) solution at the dose of 65 mg/kg. The blood glucose and weights were observed every week. The re-epithelialization rates of normal control group (NDR), diabetic group (DR) and diabetic treatment group (TLP) was analysed. Two full thickness skin wounds were incised in the back of the rats. The re-epithelialization rates were observed at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 12 days. The results showed that after induced by streptozotocin for 72 hours, the blood glucose of the DR group was higher than 16.7 mmol/L. 1 week after induced by STZ, the weight of the DR group was significant lighter than that of the NDR group (p < 0.05). The re-epithelialization rate of DR group were lower than that of NDR. After 12 day treatment, the re-epithelialization rates of NDR and TLP groups were 88.1% and 81.8%, which were significantly higher than that of DR group (62.8%). It is concluded that diabetic rat model established by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin can be used as a better diabetic chronic wound model. And the lyophilized platelets have healing effect on diabetic chronic wounds.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; therapy ; Freeze Drying ; Male ; Platelet Transfusion ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Wound Healing

This study was aimed to explore the change of aggregation and activation of platelets loaded with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The platelets were treated by loading buffer with different concentrations of EGCG (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 20 and 30 mmol/L) and were divided into 2.5, 5, 10 mmol/L groups and control group. The physiological and biochemical functions of platelets were observed, including recovery rate, aggregation and activation of platelets. The platelet counts were determined by Counter Cell-DYN 1200. The aggregation activities were tested through turbidimetry, the platelet apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the concentrations of EGCG loading in platelets of 2.5, 5 and 10 mmol/L groups were 0.4006 ± 0.12, 1.0527 ± 0.1503, 1.6902 ± 0.1112 mmol/L respectively. Along with the increasing of EGCG concentrations in loading-buffer, the EGCG absorbed by platelets increased too. When the concentration of EGCG in loading-buffer exceeded 15 mmol/L, the EGCG absorbed by platelets did not increase. The recovery rate in 2.5 mmol/L loading buffer group was 82.45 ± 0.360% which was lower than that in control group (90.33 ± 1.115%) (p < 0.05). As compared with control group, the recovery rate in 5 mmol/L loading buffer group (57.51 ± 2.468)% and 10 mmol/L loading buffer group (47.45 ± 2.030)% were even significantly lower (p < 0.01). When ADP was used as the inducer, the maximal aggregation rate (MAR) in control group was (63.6 ± 4.037)%, which was higher than that in other EGCG-loading groups (p < 0.01). And the aggregation activity of platelets negatively correlated with the concentration of EGCG in loading-buffer. When THR was used as the inducer, the MAR in control group was (89.3 ± 6.533)% and higher than that those in other groups (p < 0.05), especially in groups with loading-buffer higher than 10 mmol/L EGCG (70.1 ± 5.400%) (p < 0.01). In the experiment of cellular apoptosis, the early apoptosis easy appeared in platelets loaded with EGCG. It is concluded that the EGCG loading in platelets markedly influences the physiological and biochemical functions of platelets, the apoptosis easy occurs in platelets loaded with EGCG. The EGCG accelerates the course of platelet apoptosis.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Catechin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Platelet Count

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of a China made adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) treatment for hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B.

METHODSTwo hundred and thirty patients with chronic hepatitis B who were positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were randomly put into groups A or B, and 58 patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B were randomly put into groups C or D. During the first 12 weeks of the trial, 112 patients in group A and 115 patients in group B received 10 mg of ADV and a placebo once a day; 28 patients in group C received 100 mg of lamivudine (LMV) and 10 mg of ADV; 29 patients in group D received 100 mg of LMV and a placebo once a day. In the second trial period, all patients received ADV for 36 weeks. The primary checking criterion was the serum HBV DNA change during the treatment. The secondary ones were alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, HBeAg loss, and HBeAg seroconversion.

RESULTSAt week 12, the median serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level of group A (ADV-ADV) was reduced 2.8 log10 copies/ml, significantly greater than that of group B (placebo-ADV) of 0.3 log10 copies/ml reduction (P = 0.000). At week 48, the median serum HBV DNA level of group A and group B were reduced 3.6 and 3.4 log10 copies/ml respectively. At week 12, the median serum HBV DNA level of group C (LMV+ADV) was reduced 3.0 log10 copies/ml, significantly greater than that of the group D (LMV+placebo) of 0.16 log10 copies/ml reduction (P = 0.000). At week 48, the median serum HBV DNA level of group C and group D were reduced 3.6 and 3.8 log10 copies/ml respectively. Only 5.56% (16/288) patients had adverse events that were mild to moderate. There was no significant difference in the change of serum creatinine compared with their baseline levels.

CONCLUSIONIn our HBeAg positive lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients, 48 weeks of ADV treatment was safe and resulted in significant virological and biochemical improvements.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; virology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult