Objective To investigate the selection of flaps for the reconstruction of facial skin defects.Methods A total of 40 patients with facial skin defects were treated from February 2011 to February 2015 in our hospital,and they were given different surgery methods ac-cording to the different facial skin defect sizes.Minor defects were primarily treated by direct suturing;medium-sized defects were treated by local skin flap transposition or island skin flap;and larger defects were treated by expanded skin flap.Results All patients were followed up for 1 to 2 years.All the flaps survived with good color and texture match.All the scars healed well which were almost invisible.There was no obvious deformity in the donor and recipient sites.In addition,there was no lesion recurred.Conclusion Select suitable flaps for the recon-struction of facial skin defects according to the face defect area could get reliable blood supply of the flap,inapparent incision scar and a high level of satisfaction.

Referring to the rules for agricultural seed testing (GB /T 3543-1995) issued by China, the test of sampling, seed purity, weight per 1 000 seeds, seed moisture, seed viability and germination rate had been studied for screening seed quality test methods of Pesudostellaria heterophylla. The seed quality from different collection areas was measured. The results showed that at least 6.5 g seeds should be sampled and passed through 10-mesh sieve for purity analysis. The weight of 1 000 seeds was determined by using the 500-seed method. The phenotypic observation and size measurement were used for authenticity testing. The seed moisture was determined under the higher temperature (130 ± 2) degrees C for 5 hours. The seeds were dipped into 0.2% TTC sustaining 1 hour at 40 degrees C, then the viability could be determined. The break dormancy seeds were cultured on sand at 10 degrees C. K cluster analysis was applied for the data analysis, the seed quality from different collection areas grading of P. Heterophylla was described as three grades. The seed quality of each grade should reach following requirements: for first grade seeds, germination rate ≥ 86%, 1 000-grain weight ≥ 2.59 g, purity ≥ 87%, moisture ≤ 13.1%; for second grade seeds, germination rate ≥ 70%, 1 000-grain weight ≥ 2.40 g, purity ≥ 77%, moisture ≤ 14.3%; for third grade seeds, germination rate ≥ 41%, 1 000-grain weight ≥ 2.29 g, purity ≥ 76%, moisture ≤ 15.8%. The seed testing methods for quality items of P. heterophylla had been initially established, as well as the primary P. heterophylla seed quality classification standard.
Caryophyllaceae ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Germination ; Quality Control ; Seeds ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Water ; analysis

Aim To establish a HPLC method for de-termining cimifugin in rat plasma and investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of cimifugin in rats. Methods The plasma concentration of cimifugin was detected by HPLC in acetonitrile protein precipitation method after intragastric administration of cimifugin. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the procedure of DAS 2 . 1 . Results The regression equa-tion of cimifugin in rats plasma was Y =0. 187 X -0. 0236 (R2 =0. 998 2),which shows a good linear re-lation at 1 - 70 mg · L-1 . The concentration-time curves conformed to two-compartment model. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of Tmax, Cmax, T1/2α, T1/2z, Vd ,AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-∞) were 80 min, 10. 359 mg ·L-1 , 93. 131 min, 2. 179 L · kg-1 , 1946. 085 mg ·L-1 · min, 2138. 57 mg · L-1 · min, respectively. Conclusions We established a HPLC method to de-termine the concentration of cimifugin in plasma. The method is so highly specified and sensitive that it can be used in quantitative analysis in vivo on cimifugin. Cimifugin can be rapidly absorbed, reach the highest concentration and produce effect.

Objective To study interleukin-1 receptor(IL-1R) and connexin(Cx36) gene expression following Mg 2+-free-induced seizures in cultured developing neuron. Methods Rat embryo cortical neurons cultured for 6 and 17 days were exposed to Mg 2+-free media to induce seizure. At different time after Mg 2+-free treatment, real-time RT-PCR was used to detect IL-1R and Cx36 mRNA expression. Results 1. IL-1R mRNA expression transiently decreased after Mg 2+-free treatment in neurons cultured for 6 and 17 days in vitro. Then the levels of IL-1R mRNA expression recovered in neurons cultured for 6 days, but IL-1R mRNA expression were increased in neurons cultured for 17 days compared with control group and the peak was at 24 hours. 2. In neurons cultured for 6 days in vitro, Cx36 mRNA expression increased after Mg 2+-free treatment compared with control group, the peak was at 24 hours. But in neurons cultured for 17 days in vitro, Cx36 mRNA expression decreased at 6 hours after Mg 2+-free treatment compared with control group, the peak was at 24 hours. Conclusions IL-1R mRNA and Cx36 mRNA expression following Mg 2+-free-induced seizures are different between the neurons cultured for 6 and 17 days in vitro. This is possibly related to the different neuron injury between 6 and 17 days in vitro following seizures.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper is to grade hypervascularized mass lesions in CE MR imaging of the breast by analyzing morphology and dynamic characteristics.MethodsCriteria for the evaluation of breast MR findings were used,including the analysis of shape,margin,internal enhancement characteristics,initialenhancementphase,anddelayedphaseenhancementpattern.Atotalof 188 hypervascularized mass lesions were analyzed,and scores were given from 1 to 10 points and then the mass was classified into one of five categories.Next,the score results and pathology results were used to calculate the ROC curve and to find out the optimal benign and malignant diagnosis points.According to these results,the lesions were classified as benign or malignant.The sensitivity and specificity of this classification system were also calculated.ResultsOut of the 188 hypervascularized mass lesions,91 lesions were confirmed to be malignant by pathologic diagnosis and 97 to be benign.The area under the ROC curve was 0.938 ± 0.016.This curve was used to calculate the optimal point of differentiation diagnosis,and it was found to be a score of 5.The 188 lesions were classified into grade Ⅱ of 24 lesions,grade Ⅲ of 72,grade Ⅳ of 54,and grade Ⅴ of 38.Sensitivity for the detection of malignancy using this classification system was 87.91％ and specificity was 87.62％.If the three cases with false negative results of ductal carcinoma in situ of grade Ⅲ were excluded,the specificity increased to 90.90％.Conclusion The classification based on a multifactorial analysis is very helpful in the objective interpretation of breast CE MRI.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of rhizoma sparganii and radices zedoariae on hepatic fibrosis.

METHODThe rat immunohepatic fibrosis model was made by intraperitoneal injection of porcine serum and treated with rhizoma sparganii and radices zedoariae. The ALT, GGT, TP, ALb, A/G, IVC, LN, HA and the pathological change of the liver were observed.

RESULTRhizoma sparganii and radices zedoariae could increase TP, ALb, A/G, decrease ALT, GGT, IVC, LN, HA and improve the pathological change.

CONCLUSIONRhizoma sparganii and radices zedoariae can protect hepatic cells, alleviate degeneration and necrosis, recover structure and function, and reduce the proliferation of fibrous tissue.

Animals ; Curcuma ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Using whole-cell patch clamp technique this study investigated the effects of adenosine (Ado) on action potential, L-type calcium current (I(Ca.L)), delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs), and transient inward current (I(ti)) induced by isoproterenol (Iso) in guinea pig isolated single ventricular myocytes. The results showed: (1) Ado alone had no significant direct effects on action potential and I(Ca.L) in guinea pig ventricular myocytes at 20-100 micromol/L. However, Ado significantly attenuated the prolongation of action potential duration (APD) and the increase of the peak amplitude of I(Ca.L) induced by Iso. Iso (10 nmol/L) markedly increased APD(50) and APD(90) from 340+/-21 ms to 486+/-28 ms and from 361+/-17 ms to 501+/-29 ms, respectively (P<0.01), and increased the amplitude of I(Ca.L) from 6.53+/-1.4 pA/pF to 18.28+/-2.4 pA/pF (P<0.01). The peak potential of current-potential relationship shifted to the left. Ado (50 micromol/L) abbreviated APD(50), APD(90) to 403+/-19 ms and 419+/-26 ms (P<0.01), and decreased the peak amplitude of I(Ca.L) to 10.2+/-1.5 pA/pF (P<0.01 vs Iso), but did not change resting membrane potential (RMP), action potential amplitude (APA), and overshoot (OS). (2) Iso (30 nmol/L) reproducibly elicited DADs with 100% incidence of DADs under this condition. Ado (50 micromol/L) completely inhibited Iso from inducing DADs. Iso (30 nmol/L) elicited I(ti) with 2-second depolarizing voltage-clamp pulses rising to +20 mV from a holding potential of -40 mV, the incidence of I(ti) being 100%, and the I(ti) was suppressed in the presence of Ado (50 micromol/L) with the incidence of I(ti) decreased to 14.3% (P<0.05). These data indicate that Ado antagonizes the stimulatory effect of Iso, and that the antiarrhythmic mechanism of Ado preventing Iso-induced DADs is due to the inhibition of intracellular Ca(2+) overload through attenuating the prolongation of APD, the enhance of I(Ca.L) and I(ti).
Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Adenosine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; pharmacology ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; physiopathology ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; drug effects ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Isoproterenol ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques

Aim To explore the expressed level of ini-tiative key factors TSLP and IL-33 in a human kerati-nocyte cell line,HaCaT cells were chosen to be stimu-lated by different stimulants,and develop a stable and effective in vitro model to observe allergic sensitization. Methods HaCaT cells were cultured in K-SFM with different stimulants to screen out the stimulants which could significantly improve the expressed level of TSLP and IL-33.Expressed level of TSLP and IL-33 was an-alyzed by ELISA kits and immunofluorescence.Re-sults (1 )The dose-response relationship of single stimulant indicated that both Poly(I:C)and TNF-αcould significantly improve expressed level of TSLP and IL-33 in HaCaT cells,but the rest of stimulants was not observed significant stimulation in concentration range of this experiment.(2)Dose-effect relationship of combined stimulants indicated that poly(I ∶C)1 00 mg·L -1 combined with TNF-α20 μg·L -1 was the most efficient.(3)Time-effect relationship of the a-bove-mentioned combined stimulants showed that 1 2 h was the optimal time of stimulation.Conclusions Different stimulants and different time result in various expressed levels of TSLP and IL-33 in HaCaT cells.1 2 h stimulus duration of Poly(I:C)1 00 mg·L -1 com-bined with TNF-α20 μg · L -1 is the most efficient stimulating way.This result provides an effective in vitro model to study the pathomechanism and drug effi-cacy of allergic sensitization.

Purpose:To investigate the clinical significance of endothelin(ET) and nitric oxide(NO) analysisin renal allograft recipients. Methods:Blood ET-1 and NO were measured in 32 cases of renal allograft recipients.Results:The ET-1 levels reduced( P＜0.05) and NO levels rose( P＜0.01) after renal transplantation. In pa-tients with acute rejection, the NO level was markedly higher than that in normal group and in chronic rejectiongroup( P＜0.01). In patients with chronic rejection, the ET-1 level was higher than that in normal group( P＜0.01). While the NO level was lower than that in patients with hypertension. Conclusions:The analysis of bloodET-1 and NO would be used to diagnose renal allograft rejection, and contribute to the anti-damage treatment ofgraft after renal transplantation.

Objective To observe the protective effects of a mixture for protecting liver and supplementing stomach (保肝益胃合剂) on rat acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl_4). Methods The model of rat acute liver damage was established by injection of CCl_4 2 ml/kg into the abdominal cavity.The rat models were treated respectively by the mixture for protecting liver and supplementing stomach 30 g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),the polyene phosphatide acid radical choline capsule [Yi Shanfu (易善复), 180 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)],the glycyrrhizic acid diaminogen capsule [Gan Lixin (甘利欣),30 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)] infused into the stomach.The activities of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were detected.In the mean time,the liver pathological changes were observed,the degree of liver cell necrosis was evaluated,and the rat mortality was noted in various groups of treatment.Results The values of ALT,AST and the score of liver cell necrosis in the group treated with the mixture for protecting liver and supplementing stomach [(1.168?1.066) kU/L,(1.845?2.212) kU/L,(0.56?0.53) score] were significantly lower than those in the model group [(4.982?3.502) kU/L,(7.030?3.616) kU/L, (1.38?0.92) scores],and all the differences being statistically significant (all P