OBJECTIVETo study the imaging findings outcome of the percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) and evaluate the middle-term safety and efficacy of PLDD.

METHODSThe imaging data of 22 cases suffered cervical spondylosis or lumbar spondylosis and treated by PLDD more than 3 years were retrospectively reviewed. To observe the intervertebral space of the invasive disc and the intervertebral disc hernia before and after the operation on the lateral projection of X-ray and the axial view of the MRI. To make a statistical analysis of the data.

RESULTSThere was no obvious change of disc height involving the anterior disc height, the intermediate disc height and the posterior disc height after the PLDD at the final follow-up (P > 0.05). At last time follow-up, the Sagittal Index (SI) are 0.10 - 0.54 and 0.06 - 0.39 before and after the PLDD in the treatment of cervical vertebra. The statistical difference were significant (P < 0.05). In lumbar vertebra, the SI is 0 - 0.71 and 0 - 0.48 disc before and after the PLDD. The statistical difference were very significant (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe PLDD will not destroy the intervertebral space of the cervical and lumbar vertebra obviously; moreover, it can effectively reduce the disk hernia. The PLDD is a safe and effective Mini-invasive surgery for cervical vertebra and lumbar vertebra diseases.

Adult ; Aged ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Diskectomy, Percutaneous ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Laser Therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Pneumocephalus is the presence of air in the cranial vault. The common etiologies of pneumocephalus are brain trauma and cranial surgery. We report a case of a 26-year-old man with brain trauma who developed diffuse pneumocephalus after sneezing. CT scan was performed on arrival, and the image showed subarachnoid hemorrhage without pneumocephalus. On the seventh day after a big sneeze brain CT scan was re-performed, which showed pneumocephalus. After another ten days of treatment, the patient was discharged without any symptoms.
Adult ; Brain Injuries ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumocephalus ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; therapy ; Sneezing ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism and feasibility of the supinator syndrome evoked embitterment test from anatomy and clinic.

METHODS25 cases of The supinator syndrome were reviewed. 18 of them were male and 7 were female. Drop finger deformation were apparent in 25 cases and The supinator syndrome evoked embitterment test was positive for All patients. Operative neurolysis was done in 8 cases, conservation treatment 17 cases; 92 cadaver upper extremities were dissected for a study the relationship between supinator tunnel and posterior interosseous nerve.

RESULTS22 cases had been followed up for an average of 9 months. 16 cases had a full recovery and 6 cases, a partial recovery. the anatomical study shows that The posterior interosseous nerve was compressed by Forhse arcade and the distal border of the supinator muscle during passive pronation forearm.

CONCLUSIONThe supinator syndrome evoked embitterment test was a new test for the diagnosis of supinator syndrome, it was found to be more sensitive and specific than the others test.

Exercise Test ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Compression Syndromes ; diagnosis ; Radial Nerve ; pathology ; Radial Neuropathy ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUNDObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is considered to be one of the most important causes of cardiovascular diseases in OSA patients. This repeated hypoxia and reoxygenation cycle is similar to hypoxia-reperfusion injury, which initiates oxidative stress. In this study, we observed cardiocytes injury induced by CIH and the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

METHODSThirty ICR mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups: control, CIH and NAC (CIH + NAC) groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of cardiocyte homogenates were measured. Serum lipids were measured by an instrument method. Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Myocardium pathological sections were observed.

RESULTS(1) The SOD activity and MDA concentration of cardiocyte homogenates in the CIH group were significantly higher than in other groups (P < 0.005). The MDA concentration of the NAC group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01). (2) The serum cTnI concentration of the CIH and NAC groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). (3) Serum triglyceride levels in the NAC group were lower than in the other groups (P < 0.01), while there were no significant differences in low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein among the three groups. (4) The degeneration of myocardium, transverse striation blurred, and fabric effusion were observed in tissue sections in the CIH and NAC groups. However, normal tissue was found in the control group.

CONCLUSIONThe oxidative stress induced by CIH can injure cardiocytes and the injury effect can be partially inhibited by NAC.

Acetylcysteine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; Heart ; drug effects ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oxidative Stress ; physiology ; Random Allocation ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective To study the clinical significance of bone reconstruction at cranial base for severe traumatic comminuted fractures of anterior skull base. Methods Forty-six bone defect cases were divided into treatment group and control group randomly. Treatment group was treated with the bone reconstruction therapy, while the control group was not. All the patients received the follow-up ranging 6 months to 1 year, and examined with CT and/or MRI to observe leakage of cerebrospinal fluid,intracranial infection and encephalomeningocele. Results In the treatment group, one of the 18 survivals developed mild cerebrospinal fluid leakage, which was cured later. In the control group, 5 of the 17 survivals had cerebrospinal fluid leakage, 3 had intracranial infection and 3 encephalomeningocele.The total incidence of complications of the treatment and control groups was 1/18 and 5/17, respectively,and the former was significantly lower than the latter (P＜0.05). Conclusions Bone reconstruction can avoid intracranial infection, cerebrospinal fluid leakage and encephalomeningocele during the operation for traumatic comminuted fractures of anterior skull base.

Nowadays,with the continuous deepening and development of vocational education teaching reform,medical higher vocational education always takes moral education as the fundamental task.As an independent type of education,vocational education should always deepen the integration of industry and education and the integration of science and education.Through the teaching research of"problem chain+course ideological and political case",this study innovates the coordinated education team of drug nursing curriculum,the collaborative education method and the collaborative education evaluation,and improves the teaching effect.

OBJECTIVETo estimate the size of female sex workers and clients in Taizhou city.

METHODSA household survey using network scale-up method (NSUM) was conducted among the 3000 community residents in Taizhou city from August to October in 2011, which aimed to estimate the social network size (c value) of Taizhou residents, and the c value was adjusted by demographic characteristics, back estimation and outlier elimination. Using the adjusted c value, the number of acquaintance of female sex workers or clients and the respect level toward female sex workers or clients were used to estimate the size of female sex workers and clients.

RESULTSA total of 2783 valid questionnaires were collected, among which 1380 (49.6%) were collected from Taixing city, 1403 (50.4%) were collected from Jingjiang city. 1334 respondents were male (47.9%) and 1449 (47.9%) respondents were female. The mean age was (39.4 ± 10.7) years. The average personal social network size using original data for Taizhou residents was 525, which differed from place, sex, age, educational level and marriage status. Using the remaining known populations through back estimation, the social network size was 419 and became 424 after the elimination of outliers. The estimated population size for female sex worker was 6370 (95%CI: 5886 - 6853), which accounted for 0.52% (6370/1 229 980) of the total number of female aged from 15 to 49. The estimated population size for clients was 15 202 (95%CI: 14 560 - 15 847), which accounted for 1.28% (15 202/1 190 340) of the total number of males aged from 15 to 49 and the ration of clients to female sex worker was 2.39:1.

CONCLUSIONNSUM is an easy and quick way to estimate the size of female sex workers or clients, but the estimated sizes are subject to bias and error due to estimate effect and sample representativeness.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Work ; statistics & numerical data ; Sex Workers ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical characteristics of living-related kidney transplantation (LRKT).

METHODSFrom January, 2004 to December, 2008, 175 LRKT were performed including 63 cases (36%) of parent-child relations and 49 cases (28%) of sibling relations between the recipients and donors. Out of 175 donors, 52 were 50 years old or above, 4 had microscopic hematuria (including 2 with also hypertension), 2 had kidney stone, and 2 had high body mass index (BMI). Zero-point graft biopsy was performed in 59 donors, and abnormalities were found in 15 of them. The recipients were at the age of 33-/+10.5 years, and the primary diseases are mainly dominant glomerular nephritis (72.6%, 127/175), and with a few cases of diabetes (4%, 7/175) and hypertensive nephropathy (4%, 7/175).

RESULTSSerum creatinine of the donors was 102-/+22.5 micromol/L at 7 days postoperatively, and 92-/+19.1 micromol/L at one month. One recipient died of severe pulmonary infection. Two recipients underwent graft nephrectomy due to anastomotic stenosis with concomitant acute graft rejection and renal arterial embolism. The one-year survival rates of the patients and grafts were 99.3% and 98.2%, respectively. The incident rates of accelerated rejection and acute rejection were 1.1% and 14.9%, respectively. Other complications included impaired liver function (22.3%), infection (9.7%) and leucopenia (4.6%). The renal arterial stenosis occurred in 2.3% (4/175) of the recipients.

CONCLUSIONSThe recipients of living-related and cadaveric kidney transplant have different primary kidney disease spectrums. Differential diagnosis and treatment of acute rejection and renal artery or anastomotic stenosis can be of vital importance. Marginal donor kidneys with appropriate inclusion criteria can be safely used for transplantation. With good short-term patient and graft survival, LRKT needs further study to evaluate its long-term effect.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Family ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis ; surgery ; Graft Rejection ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Living Donors ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate and compare the effect of radio-frequency (RF) field exposure on expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps) in three human glioma cell lines (MO54, A172, and T98).

METHODSCells were exposed to sham or 1950 MHz continuous-wave for 1 h. Specific absorption rates (SARs) were 1 and 10 W/kg. Localization and expression of Hsp27 and phosphorylated Hsp27 ((78) Ser) (p-Hsp27) were examined by immunocytochemistry. Expression levels of Hsp27, p-Hs27, and Hsp70 were determined by Western blotting.

RESULTSThe Hsp27 was primarily located within the cytoplasm, p-Hsp27 in both cytoplasm and nuclei of MO54, A172, and T98 cells. RF field exposure did not affect the distribution or expression of Hsp27. In addition, Western blotting showed no significant differences in protein expression of Hsp27 or Hsp70 between sham- and RF field-exposed cells at a SAR of 1 W/kg and 10 W/kg for 1 h in three cells lines. Exposure to RF field at a SAR of 10 W/kg for 1 h slightly decreased the protein level of phosphorylated Hsp27 in MO54 cells.

CONCLUSIONThe 1950 MHz RF field has only little or no apparent effect on Hsp70 and Hsp27 expression in MO54, A172, and T98 cells.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; radiation effects ; Glioma ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neuroglia ; radiation effects ; Protein Transport

Actins ; chemistry ; Amides ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cytoskeleton ; drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pyridines ; therapeutic use ; ras Proteins ; analysis ; rho-Associated Kinases ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein ; analysis ; rhoC GTP-Binding Protein