Objective To explore the clinical significance of serum clara cell secretory protein(CC16),total immunoglobulin E(TIgE)and eosinophil cationic protein(ECP)in children with asthma.Methods Serum were collected from 59 cases during asthmatic acute attacks,29 asthmatic children who were in mild conditions,and 30 cases who were in moderate to severe conditions,and 30 healthy children.Serum CC16 concentration were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),TIgE and ECP concentration were measured by uniCAP100.Results The levels of CC16 in serum of asthmatic children during acute attacks were significantly lower than that in control group(t=2.93 Pa

A percutaneous visceral tumor puncture director is introduced in this paper, which can be used for needle biopsy and brush biopsy in kinds of visceral tumor. The clinical informations show that the application of the director can increase the positive ratio of puncture, and it has important clinical value. The director is safe, practical and easy to operate.
Biopsy, Needle ; instrumentation ; methods ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Acupuncture Points ; Administration, Cutaneous ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion

BACKGROUND:Atopic individuals predispose to alergic rhinitis after contacting with an alergen, which is mainly released by IgE-mediated histamine. Alergic rhinitis is a kind of non-infectious inflammatory disease that involves a variety of immune cels and cytokines and is related to Th1 and Th2 immune imbalance. Interferon γ is a cytokine secreted by Th1 cels, while interleukin-4 is a cytokine secreted by Th2 cels. OBJECTIVE:To establish a stable 129Sv mouse model of alergic rhinitis, so as to lay the foundation of establishing gene knockout 129Sv mouse models of alergic rhinitis, and to observe the concentration variation of IgE, interleukin-4 and interferon γ. METHODS: Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: model and control groups. Mice in the model group were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin to establish mouse models of alergic rhinitis. Mice in the control group were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of PBS. After successful modeling, pathological changes of nasal eosinophils and plasmocyte infiltration were evaluated by nasal mucosa staining. Interleukin 4 and interferon γ levels and ovalbumin-specific IgE antibody concentration were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that compared with the control group, serum ovalbumin-IgE and interleukin-4 concentrations were significantly increased, and Interferon γ concentration was significantly lower in the model group (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that cilia lodging and submucosal serous gland hyperplasia, eosinophils and plasmocyte infiltration were obvious. These results confirm that a mouse model of allergic rhinitis was successfully constructed in this study and the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis was related to Th1/Th2 imbalance.

A novel and sensitive HPLC-UV method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of twelve major compounds in Longdan Xiegan Pill.The chemical profile of the twelve compounds,including geniposidic acid（1）,geniposide（2）,gentiopicroside（3）,liquiritin（4）,crocin（5）,baicalin（6）,wogonoside（7）,baicalein（8）,glycyrrhizic acid（9）,wogonin（10）,oroxylin A（11）and aristolochic acid A（12）,was acquired using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector coupled with an electrospray tandem mass spectrometer（HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS）.The analysis was performed on a Dikma Platisil ODS C18 column（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）with a gradient solvent system of acetonitrile-0.1% aqueous formic acid.The validation was carried out and the linearities（r〉0.9996）,repeatability（RSD〈1.8%）,intra-and inter-day precision（RSD〈1.3%）,and recoveries（ranging from 96.6% to 103.4%）were acceptable.The limits of detection（LOD）of these compounds ranged from 0.29 to 4.17 ng.Aristolochic acid A,which is the toxic ingredient,was not detected in all the batches of Longdan Xiegan Pill.Furthermore,hierarchical cluster analysis was used to evaluate the variation of the herbal prescription.The proposed method is simple,effective and suitable for the quality control of this traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）.

Previous studies have shown that ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), one of active components in ginseng, can activate insulin signaling pathway and promote translocation of glucose transporters (GLUTs) to increase glucose uptake in adipocytes. However, the effect of Rb1 on the expressions of GLUTs remains unknown. In this study, the effects of Rb1 on GLUT1 and GLUT4 were observed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and epididymal adipose tissue of db/db obese diabetic mice. Male db/db mice were treated with Rb1 by intraperitoneal injection at the dosage of 20 mg x kg(-1) for 14 d. Rb1 reduced HOMA-IR significantly (P < 0.05, n = 5), and FBG and FINS sowed declining trend after treatment with Rb1. Rb1 recovered the expressions of GLUT1 and GLUT4 and phosphorylation of AKT in adipose tissue of db/db mice. In vitro, glucose consumption in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with 10 micromol x L(-1) Rb1 for 24 h was elevated (P < 0.05, n=3), and mRNA of GLUT1 and GLUT4 were up-regulated (P < 0.05, n=3) and proteins of GLUT1 and GLUT4 were also increased. AKT was activated in adipocytes treated with Rb1 for 3 h. It can be concluded that ginsenoside Rb1 can up-regulate the expression of GLUTs in adipose tissue, in addition to activate insulin signalling pathway, which may partially account for its insulin sensitizing activity and regulating effect of glucose metabolism.
3T3 Cells ; Adipocytes ; drug effects ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects

Objective To understand the situation of medical students' social adaptability and analyze its relationship with their family upbringing style.Methods A cross-sectional study was adopted,and the random sampling method was used to selected medical students as targeted population in a medical university in Jilin City.Parenting Style Assessment Scale and Social Adaptation Diagnostic Scale were applied to know the family rearing styles and social adaptability status of medical college students.Results Among the 198 responders,the proportion of good and strong social adaptability among medical college studies accounted for only 8.1％ (16) and 2.0％ (4);The social adaptation ability of the urban students and the only child students was higher than that of the rural and non only child students (P＜0.05);In parental rearing pattems,regardless of sex,whether students were the only child and where their census register was,emotional warmth and understanding were all positively correlated with medical students' social adaptation ability (P＜0.05),while refusal and denial were negatively correlated with medical students' social adaptation ability (P＜0.05);In addition,the punishment,severe over protection and other parenting styles also showed a certain degree of negative correlation with social adaptability(P＜0.05).Conclusion The social adaptability of medical students is poor,and their parenting styles was correlated with their social adaptation ability.Parents should give their children warmth and understanding,rather than rejection,denial,punishment,and overprotection,which will help to improve medical students' social adaptability.

A novel and sensitive HPLC-UV method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of twelve major compounds in Longdan Xiegan Pill.The chemical profile of the twelve compounds,including geniposidic acid (1),geniposide(2),gentiopicroside(3),liquiritin(4),crocin(5),baicalin(6),wogonoside(7),baicalein(8),glycyrrhizic acid (9),wogonin (10),oroxylin A ( 11 ) and aristolochic acid A (12),was acquired using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector coupled with an electrospray tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS).The analysis was performed on a Dikma Platisil ODS C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm ) with a gradient solvent system of acetonitrile-0.1％ aqueous formic acid.The validation was carried out and the linearities ( r ＞ 0.9996),repeatability (RSD＜1.8％),intra- and inter-day precision (RSD＜1.3％),and recoveries (ranging from 96.6％ to 103.4％ ) were acceptable.The limits of detection (LOD) of these compounds ranged from 0.29 to 4.17 ng.Aristolochic acid A,which is the toxic ingredient,was not detected in all the batches of Longdan Xiegan Pill.Furthermore,hierarchical cluster analysis was used to evaluate the variation of the herbal prescription.The proposed method is simple,effective and suitable for the quality control of this traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Objective To study the correlation between blood glucose variability and TOAST type of patients with acute ischemic stroke and provide new evidence which can improve the prognosis of ischemic stroke.Methods One hundred and forty-three hospitalized patients with acute ischemic stroke from August 2013 to August 2014 were included.All patients were estimated about the general state of health and performed laboratory examinations and other auxiliary examinations.Then the TOAST type of all cases was classified.The 24-hour blood glucose monitoring was done to the patients to calculate the blood glucose variability.One hundred and forty-three cases were divided into blood glucose variability group ( standard deviation of glucose ( GluSD )≥1.4 mmol/L, 85 cases ) and control group ( GluSD <1.4 mmol/L, 58 cases) according to glucose variability.We estimated the neurologic impairment of the patients with the US National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ( NIHSS) and the activities of daily living with Barthel index.The relation between blood glucose variability and the prognosis of ischemic stroke was analysed with multivariate analysis.Results Differences were significant in age, history of diabetes and NIHSS score between blood glucose variability group and control group.The degree of neurologic impairment of large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) group (moderate and severe neurologic impairment:43/53(81.0%)) and cardio-aortic embolism ( CE) group ( moderate and severe neurologic impairment:15/17 ) was more serious than that in small artery occlusion ( SAO) group ( moderate and severe neurologic impairment:6/71 ( 8.5%) ) , especially in CE group.The differences were significant (χ2 =7.043,P<0.05).Blood glucose variability in patients with LAA was more obviously than that in other patients.NIHSS score and activities of daily living of the patients estimated on admission and after 2 weeks were not different in the blood glucose variability group, but the difference was significant in control group.The poor prognosis in blood glucose variability group was 2.821 times that in control group ( 95% CI 1.880 -4.233 ).Conclusions The people sufferd ischemic stroke with old age, diabetes or severe case are more vulnerable to abnormal blood glucose variability.Abnormal blood glucose variability is an independent risk factor for acute ischemic stroke and induces difficulty to recovery and poor prognosis.

Objective To explore the mechanism of protecting cells from hypoxia/ reoxygenation (H/R) injury by constructing specific small interference RNA (siRNA) to inhibit NALP3 expression in rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E).Methods (1) To establish the H/R injury model of NRK-52E by regulating the pressure of N2 in incubator to hypoxia condition,the cells were cultured with hypoxia for 1 h and then with reoxygenation for 1 h,2 h,4 h,8 h,16 h and 24 h.The activity of lactae dehydrogenase (LDH) in the culture medium,cell count and cell viability,the expression of NALP3 were determined by biochemical method,trypan blue exclusion and Western blotting.(2) The siRNA was transfected into NRK-52E.The irrespective siRNA transfected group wasused as control.NALP3 expression was examined by Western blotting.(3) The cells were divided into 4 groups:control group,H/R group,irrespective siRNA transfected group and NALP3-siRNA transfected group.To establish the H/R injury model of NRK-52E by regulating the pressure of N2 in incubator to hypoxia condition,the cells were cultured with hypoxia for 1 h and then with reoxygenation for 4 h.And the expression of NALP3 was determined by Western blotting.(4)Cellular apoptosis was examined by Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry.NF-κB DNA binding activity,IκB-α,Bcl-2 and Bax expression were examined by EMSA and Western blotting.Results (1)Compared with the control group,the activity of LDH significantly increased,cell count and cell viability significantly decreased (all P＜0.05).The expression of NALP3 significantly increased and peaked at 4 h after H/R.(2)The specific siRNA could efficiently inhibit NALP3 expression in NRK-52E.Compared with the irrespective siRNA transfected group,the protein expression of NALP3 was significantly down-regulated in NALP3 siRNA transfected group (P＜0.05).(3)After hypoxia 1 h and reoxygenation 4 h,the activity of LDH and the expression of NALP3 increased.Compared with the irrespective siRNA transfected group,LDH concentration in media and the expression of NALP3 significantly decreased in NALP3-siRNA transfected group.(4)After hypoxia 1 h and reoxygenation 4 h,NF-κB DNA binding activity was increased,IκB-α phosphorylation and degradation,Bcl-2 and Bax were significantly up-regulated.However,compared with the irrespective siRNA transfected group,NF -κB DNA binding activity,IκB-α degradation and Bax/Bcl-2 were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) in NALP3-siRNA transfected group.At the same time,the ratio of apoptosis was significantly increased in three groups than that in control.Compared with the irrespective siRNA transfected group,the ratio of apoptosis in NALP3-siRNA transfected group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Conclusions H/R induces the expression of NALP3 in NRK-52E.The synthesized siRNA can inhibit the expression of NALP3 and protect NRK-52E from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.The mechanism may be via inhibiting the activation of NF-κB,modulating expression of Bcl-2 and Bax,as well as decreasing cell apoptosis.