Objective To determine the median effective target effect-site concentration (EC50) of sufentanil when intraoperative wake-up test was successful in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery.Methods Ninety ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-64 yr,with body mass index ＜ 30 kg/m2,scheduled for scoliosis surgery under sevoflurane and sufentanil anesthesia,were randomly divided into Ⅰ-Ⅵ groups (n =15 each).Anesthesia was induced with sufentanil,etomidate and cisatracurium,and maintained with sevoflurane,sufentanil and cisatracurium.The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.Before the wake-up test,infusion of cisatracurium was stopped and the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane was adjusted to 0.The EC50 was determined by the K(a)rber method.The target effect-site concentration of sufentanil was set at 0.19 ng/ml in group Ⅰ,0.18 ng/ml in group Ⅱ and gradually decreased in decrements of 0.01 ng/ml.The wake-up test was performed 5 min later.The EC50 and 95 ％ confidence interval of sufentanil were calculated by the K(a)rber method.Results EC50 of sufentanil obtained was 0.164 ng/ml and 95％ confidence interval of sufentanil obtained was 0.157-0.172 ng/ml when the wake-up test was successful.Conclusion The EC50 of sufentanil is 0.164 ng/ml when the intraoperative wake-up test is successful in the patients undergoing scoliosis surgery.

Objective To detect the correlations between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, microvessel density ( MVD) and time intensity parameters of contrast enhanced ultrasound in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Seventy-three patients of HCC were analyzed with time intensity curve of contrast enhanced ultrasound. VEGF and CD34 in different degree of differentiated HCC specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlations between VEGF, MVD and time intensity parameters were analyzed. Results Arrival time had no significant difference among different differentiated groups. However, the area under the curve, enhanced time and washout time had significant difference among different differentiated groups respectively ( P <0. 05). There was a positive correlation between VEGF expression and MVD in HCC. MVD was associated with enhanced time and the area under the curve ( r = - 0. 615,0. 563,respectively). The area under the curve,enhanced time and washout time of VEGF positive expression group had significant difference comparing to those of VEGF negative expression group ( P < 0. 05). Conclusions It was helpful to assess HCC differentiated degree with time intensity parameters of contrast enhanced ultrasound.

Objective To explore the expression of PRR11(Proline-rich protein 11) in human osteosarcoma and investigate the effect of PRR11 on the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells.Methods Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect the PRR11 expression in 75 cases of osteosarcoma and corresponding normal tissues.Western blotting was used to examine PRR11 protein expression levels in osteosarcoma cell lines.We used siRNA to knock down the expression of PRR11 and tested the effects of PRR11 down-regulation on the proliferation in SaOS2 cells.Results PRR11 was overexpressed in osteosarcoma specimens compared to their paired normal tissues,the over expression rate of PRR11 in osteosarcoma and corresponding paracancerous tissues were 76％(57/75) and 9.33％(7/75) with statistical difference(P<0.05).The high expression of PRR11 was correlated with tumor pathological grade and lymphatic metastasis(P<0.05).PRR11 was expressed in 4 osteosarcoma cell lines which were SaOS2,143B,U2OS and MG63 respectively,the expression was highest in SaOS2 cells.Silencing PRR11 inhibited cell growth as compared with control cells(P<0.05).Conclusion PRR11 is overexpression in human osteosarcoma and promotes its progression by enhancing proliferation.The increased expression of PRR11 in osteosarcoma is a new target for treatment and early diagnosis of human osteosarcoma patients.

Objective To screen college students contacts of tuberculosis index cases among colleges located in Haidian District,Beijing,so as to provide evidence for the modification of screening strategies for college students.Method The purified protein derivative test (PPD) and chest X-ray examination were carried out in colleges,located in Haidian District from March 2015 to March 2016.The basic demographic characteristics,tuberculosis infection and detection of patients,etc were analyzed.Results A total of 88 cases of tuberculosis index cases were diagnosed,and 3 604 college students contacts were detected 16 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were detected among close contacts,and all patients were negative,the detection rate was 443.95/100 000.Among the 3 604 close contacts,the positive rate of PPD was 8.32％.With the increase of the diameter of the PPD reaction,the detection rate of tuberculosis patients increased significantly (xtrend =8.06,P ＜0.001).During the period of outbreak,the PPD positive rate and the detection rate of patients were significantly higher than that of non-outbreak period,and the difference was statistically significant(all P ＜0.05).Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the screening of tuberculosis among college students,and to find out the infected persons and patients as early as possible,so as to prevent the outbreak of tuberculosis.

Objective To assess the effect of simvastatin on secretion of VEGF in blood serum and sputum of elderly chronic ob-structive pulmonary disease(COPD)combined with PAH patients and the pulmonary function.Methods Seventy cases of elderly COPD patients combined with PAH patients were randomized in two groups,namely the normal treatment group and combined sim-vastatin group (35 cases in each group),then compare the changes of the VEGF in blood serum,sputum and lung function.Results VEGF in blood serum and sputum showed significant changes after therapies of simvastatin (P <0.05).After 4 weeks′therapy, the FEV1% pre and FEV1/FVC increased significantly (P <0.05).Conclusion Normal treatment combine with simvastatin could decrease VEGF in blood serum and sputum of elderly COPD combined with PAH patients,meanwhile improve pulmonary function.

Objective To Establish an evaluation index system of critical care nurses training in Chongqing. Methods A panel of experts was formed with 20 experts from related fields. By the use of Del-phi method, we designed a questionnaire survey and took two rounds of expert consultation and revision, screening the intensive care nurse training evaluation index. SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used to assess the experts involved in the study and to determine the weight of indicators at all levels. Results In the course of the investigation, the experts participating in the initiative was very high, and the authority coeffi-cient (Cr) was 0.896. The training evaluation system of critical care nurses in Chongqing was initially iden-tified, including 3 first-level indicators, 7 second-level indicators 7, 21 third-level indicators. Conclusion The preliminary construction of critical care nurse training evaluation system in Chongqing can promote the ICU specialist nurse training effect and guarantee the training quality, and at the same time it provides some reference for the training and evaluation of the health administrative department.

Objective To compare the contents in polysaccharide of aloe in gel of aloe with preparation in different processing methods on fresh aloe of outer cuticle and investigate their stability. It could provide technology of preparation of polysaccharide of aloe.Methods The aloe gel had been prepared through the fresh juicing method, and alcohol sinking was applied to abstract polysaccharides of aloe in proportion of sixty, seventy, eighty and ninety percent. The colorimetric method of anthracenone - thick sulfuric acid had been taken to determine contents of polysaccharide in different proportions by alcohol sinking. The contents of polysaccharide were compared among different processing methods in fresh aloe of outer cuticle, and then the stability on condition of different temperatures, pH and the reagent of reductant-oxidant with polysaccharides of aloe were investigated. Results The content abstracted from polysaccharide of aloe was the higher when the proportion was eighty percent and its character of powder was better. And content abstracted from polysaccharide of aloe with the outer cuticle was higher than that out of the outer cuticle. The powders from the polysaccharide of aloe with the outer cuticle were gray-green, gray-brown or gray-white. The powders from polysaccharide of aloe without the outer cuticle were partial-white, more well-distributed and delicate. The stability in polysaccharide of aloe was better with the condition of low temperature, reducing agent and the solution with pH from five to seven, while the stability was lower when in high temperature, oxidizing agent and the solution with strong acid and strong alkali. Conclusions The proportion of eighty percent with alcohol sinking, decorticating the outer cuticle of fresh aloe has the higher content and the better character in the polysaccharide of aloe.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of intervention measures enforced by clinical pharmacists on reducing dosage of benzodiazepines. METHODS: Clinical pharmacists described benzodiazepine withdrawal scheme for adult patients who were treated with repeated benzodiazepine prescription more than 3 months. 10% of benzodiazepines dose was reduced every two weeks and single blind drug withdrawal was carried out. RESULTS: Consumption of benzodiazepine was reduced significantly by 70.50% after intervening by pharmacists. CONCLUSION: Clinical pharmacists play an important role in benzodiazepine withdrawal, whose intervention is rapid and useful method for physicians reducing dosage of benzodiazepines.

Objective To assess the value of multi-slice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA) in diagnosis of posterior nutcracker syndrome (NCS). Methods MSCTA of 15 patients clinically diagnosed as posterior NCS (patient group) and 50 subjects with normal renal vessels (control group) were retrospectively analyzed. The anatomy, course and relationship to the adjacent structure of left renal vein (LRV) and its branches were observed. The anteroposterior diameter (d1) and cross areas (s1) of the angle of control group and posterior abdominal artery (AA), the anteroposterior diameter (d2) and cross areas (s2) at the largest lumen near the renal hilar were measured and the ratio of s2/s1 and d2/ d1 were calculated.Results All LRVs posterior AA of patient group were compressed and narrowing with dilating apparently near the renal hilar. The difference of d2 was not significant (P＞0.05), but of other values were significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion MSCTA can show anatomy and three-dimentional trend clearly of LRV for posterior NCS, and evaluate the extent of narrow and dilating lumen accurately with cross areas measuring.

Aim To observe the protective effects of two flavone morphons on hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R) injury in myocardial cells and explore the mechanisms.Methods The hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes was developed. The cell morphology,the spontaneous beating,the survival rate,the content of LDH,NOS,T-SOD,MDA and the activity of Na+,K+-ATP,Ca2+,Mg2+-ATP enzyme were determined in the cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes injuried by H/R.Results Compared with the model,preconditioning by two flavone morphons enhanced the spontaneous beating and the survival rate. Meanwhile,it increased the activity of T-SOD,Na+,K+-ATP,Ca2+,Mg2+-ATP enzyme and decreased the release of LDH,NOS,MDA(P