Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem which greatly threatens human health. Paternal-fetal vertical transmission (P-FT) is one of the leading causes of persistent HBV infection, and has a transmission rate similar to that of mother-to-child vertical transmission. In recent years, P-FT has been attracting more and more attention and has become a hot research topic at home and abroad. It has been confirmed that P-FT occurs via sperm, but the mechanism remains unknown. Studies have shown that a high HBV DNA load in serum and semen and positive serum HBeAg are the major risk factors for the occurrence of P-FT. Random integration of HBV DNA into sperm can affect sperm quality, cause male infertility, and even affect the maternal pregnancy outcome. Currently the most important measure to block P-FT is pre-pregnancy intervention, including antiviral therapy for the father and active immunization for the mother.

Objective: To explore the clinical therapeutic method and effect of the thumb-tack needle for subcutaneous embedding therapy on treating insomnia with insufficiency of heart and spleen among breast cancer patients. Methods: Totally 80 breast cancer patients with insomnia with insufficiency of heart and spleen treated in department of oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiao Tong University from March 2018 till November 2018 were selected and assigned into an experiment group and a control group by random number table, 40 cases in each one. The experiment group applied thumb-tack needle for subcutaneous embedding therapy, selecting Shenmen, Sanyinjiao, Zusanli, Anmian as major acupoint and Taibai as assistant acupoint. The control group used fake needles at the same places. After four-week treatment, we evaluated the therapeutic effect using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and observed side effects. Results: Before treatment, no significantly statistical differences were observed between the two groups on global and each dimension′s PSQI scores (P>0.05). After treatment, the PSQI scores and PSQI global score of the experiment group on sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction were (1.58±0.53), (1.72±0.33), (1.57±0.64), (1.61±0.68), (1.05±0.42), (1.27±0.53), (8.91±2.73) points respectively, which were (1.86±0.71), (1.90±0.41), (1.85±0.47), (1.97±0.83), (1.42±0.91), (1.56±0.45), (10.86±4.53) points respectively in the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups on PSQI global scores (t=1.998-2.637, P<0.05). The number of patients in the experiment group assessed as clinical cure, obviously effective, effective and noneffective were 8, 13, 9, 10 respectively, which were 1, 5, 12, 22 in the control group respectively. The clinical efficacy showed significant difference between the two groups (χ²=27.68, P<0.01). No side effects, such as infection, needle drop-off and etc. were observed. Conclusions The thumb-tack needle for subcutaneous embedding therapy could improve sleep quality of breast cancer patients with insomnia with insufficiency of heart and spleen, and it′s easy to operate, safe with little side effects.

Objective To observe the stellate ganglion block (SGB) on obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) combined the curative effect of sleep respiration and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension.Methods Incorporating meets the criteria for the OSAS patients with high blood pressure in hospital order randomly assigned into normal group and experimental group and routine group was given antihypertension drugs,adjustment in lifestyle,continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment,the experimental group on the basis of conventional treatment at the same time give SGB to intervene.Using t test on admission and intervention were compared after a period of treatment in patients with sleep apnea and blood pressure control,using 2 test comparison blood pressure control rates of two groups patients.Results Compared with normal group,the experimental group after intervention in a course of apnea hypoventilation index (AHI),SaO2 and 24 h mean arterial pressure were obviously improved,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion SGB as a new treatment method,not only can improve clinical symptoms in patients with OSAS,but also make the patients get better control of blood pressure.

Objective To assess the role of the different pancreatic islet β cell function index in the evaluation of glucose metabolism in different duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Normal glucose tolerance subjects without diabetes family history (NC group,48 cases) and T2DM patients (182 cases) were enrolled.The T2DM patients were divided into three groups:less than 5 years group (DM ＜5 group,74 cases),5-10 years group (DM5-10 group,51 cases) and more than 10 years group ( DM ＞10 group,57 cases).Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin release test were taken in all groups.Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and whole body insulin sensitivity index [ISI(Matsuda)] were used to estimate insulin sensitivity,and early insulin secretion index ( △ I30/ △ G30) and glucose disposition index (DI) were used to evaluate the function of pancreatic islet β cell.Results HOMA-IR was increased and ISI (Matsuda) was decreased in DM ＜5 group,DM5-10 group and DM ＞10 group compared with those in NC group [HOMA-IR:8.78 ± 7.12,8.08 ± 3.67,7.84 ± 5.08 vs.4.76 ± 3.43;ISI(Matsuda):46.78 ± 29.00,36.71 ± 16.67,38.86 ±21.72 vs.61.13 ± 32.08,P ＜ 0.05],however,there was no significant difference among DM ＜5 group,DM5-10 group and DM ＞10 group.△ I30/ △ G30 and DI were decreased in DM ＜5 group,DM5-10 group and DM ＞10 group compared with those in NC group [ △ I30 △ G30:( 68.41 ± 361.52 ),(4.31 ± 3.42 ),(7.70 ± 5.78 ) mU/mmol vs.(92.65 ± 309.29) mU/mmol;DI:0.0421 ± 0.0123,0.0412 ± 0.0123,0.0363 ± 0.0116 vs.0.1151 ± 0.0236,P ＜ 0.05 ],and there was no significant difference in △ I30 / △ G30 among DM ＜5 group,DM5-10 group and DM ＞10 group,however,DI was decreased in DM＞10 group compared with that in DM＜5 group and DM5-10 group (P＜0.05).ConclusionsHOMA-IR,ISI (Matsuda),△I30/△G30 are not sensitive to evaluate the insulin resistance of different duration.DI can reflect the glucose utilization of pancreatic islet β cell earlier and the ability to regulate blood sugar steady state changes.

Objective: To understand the relationship between the main body components and blood pressure in adolescents and to understand the association between major body components and blood pressure in adolescents provides a basis for reducing the risk of hypertension. Methods: A total of 366 middle school students in Tianjin aged 12-15 with the normal intelligence and no serious disease, willing to participate in the research were selected. Inbody 520 human body composition analyzer was used to analyze their body composition. Systolic blood pressure diastolic pressure curve fit for the dependent variable selection, the optimal model of the selection criteria for goodness of fit value maximum and the minimum AIC value. Results: The percentage of body fat of girls was higher than that of boys(t=-4.73, P<0.01). The systolic blood pressure pulse pressure difference of liposuction body weight was lower than that of boys(t=8.68, 2.38, 2.37, P<0.05). The systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the mixed obesity group was significantly higher than that of the normal body type group(F=6.59, 4.78, P<0.01). In the six fitting models, except for the secondary model between body fat percentage and diastolic blood pressure, the AIC value and R2 value of boys were not statistically significant, the other models were statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the three-time model between body fat weight and systolic blood pressure, the linear and logarithmic model between body fat percentage and diastolic blood pressure, the linear, logarithmic, quadratic, cubic, AIC value and R2 value of the combined model, but the other models had statistical significance(P<0.05).Besides, the quadratic and power equations between body weight and systolic and diastolic blood pressure of female students meet the minimum of AIC value and the maximum of corrected goodness of fit R2, the percentage of body fat, body weight and systolic and diastolic blood pressure of male and female students meet the minimum of AIC value and the maximum of corrected goodness of fit R2. Conclusion Compared with boys, adolescent girls are more prone to obesity and other diseases, and obesity is closely related to blood pressure. It is suggested that the effective control of the growth rate of body fat percentage is conducive to improving physical fitness, preventing and reducing the risk of hypertension, and promoting the healthy growth of adolescents.

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Mesothelioma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

Objective To investigate the distribution and constituent of drug‐resistant bacteria of lower respiratory tract in‐fection among different regions (outpatient department ,wards ,RICU) to provide the basis for the clinical reasonable application of antimicrobial agents .Methods The K‐B disc diffusion method and the instrument method (VITEK‐TWO) were adopted and the detection results were interpreted according to the standards of CLSI 2010 .The detection data of 480 drug‐resistant strains isolated from the sputum ,branchoalveolar lavage fluid samples submitted in 3 regions of respiratory outpatients department by bacterial cul‐ture identification and drug susceptibility test were analyzed by using the WHONET5 .6 statistical software .Results The distribu‐tion and constituent of drug‐resistant bacteria of lower respiratory tract infection had obvious difference among 3 different regions . The top 4 of drug resistant bacteria were dominated by Gram‐negative bacteria .The drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae in RICU was higher than that in the respiratory outpatients department and wards(P<0 .05) ,the resistance rate in the respiratory outpatients department ,wards and RICU to commonly used antibacterial drugs was similar;the multiple drug resistance of ESBLs‐producing strains was obviously higher than that of non‐ESBLs‐producing strains (P<0 .05) .Pseudomonas aeruginosa maintained the higher antibacterial activity to quinolone ,aminoglucosides ,cefepime ,imipenem ,cefoperazone/sulbactam ,and piperacillin/tazobactam ,but the resistance rate in RICU was significantly higher that in the respiratory outpatient department and wards (P<0 .05);the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii in the respiratory wards and RICU was higher than that in the respiratory out‐patient department ,the resistances to imipenem were 64 .6% and 70 .4% respectively .The resistance of MRSA to rifampin in RICU was higher than that in the respiratory outpatient department and wards(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The distribution constituent and drug‐resistance rates have obvious differences among the respiratory outpatient department ,wards and RICU .Except being familiar with the drug resitant bacterial distribution and drug resistance rate monitoring situation ,clinical doctors should grasp the drug re‐sistance situation of drug resistant bacteria among different areas in various departments of own unit in order to rationally and effec‐tively use antibacterial drugs .

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the local drug resistance spectrum antibiotics and foreign guideline in the treatment of patients with community acquired pneumonia(CAP). Methods A prospective,randomized,single blind,and positive drug parallel controlled design was used in the treatment. CAP patients with no underlying disease outpatients and inpatients<48 hours were selected as the research object. The patients in the trial group were given sensitive local drug resistance spectrum antibiotics: moxifloxacin,400 mg and 1 times a day. The patients in the control group were given azithromycin tablets(each 500 mg,once daily) promulgated by the 2007 version of the IDSA / ATS adult CAP guideline. Results There were 106 cases of CAP patients,of which 77 cases completed treatment,including 39 cases in the experimental group and 38 cases in the control group. There were significant differences in the clinical efficacy and bacterial clearance rate between the two groups,with the clinical efficacy of 89.7% and 68.4%(P < 0.01),the bacterial clearance rate of 87.9% and 54.5%(P < 0.05),respectively. Conclusion The clinical efficacy of drug resistant spectrum sensitive antibiotics in the treatment of CAP in Kunming was better than that of IDSA/ATS. Clinicians should pay attention to the characteristics and composition of resistance of common pathogenic bacteria in our country during the study and reference from foreign guideline,and adjust the therapeutic regimen according to the changes of the local drug resistance monitoring data rather than copy the recommended treatment plan by foreign countries.

To investigate the gene mutation in a pedigree with X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) and to explore the relationship between the mutation and its clinical manifestations, genomic DNA of affected members, the normal member of the pedigree and 50 unrelated normal members was extracted with a whole blood genomic DNA extraction kit and the DNA was used as a template for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated amplification of exon 1 and exon 10 of the STS gene. hHb6 (human hair basic keratin) gene was used as the internal control. Our results showed that the STS gene was deleted in affected members in the pedigree with X-linked ichthyosis. The normal member of the pedigree and 50 unrelated normal members had no such deletion. The proband and his mother had products in the internal control after PCR amplification. The blank control had no product. It is concluded that deletion of the STS gene existed in this pedigree with X-linked ichthyosis, and it is responsible for the unique skin lesions of X-linked ichthyosis.

Magnetic anchoring and traction technique is one of the core technologies of magnetic surgery. With the "non-contact" traction force of the outer magnet on the inner magnet, we can drive the inner magnet and the gripper to multiple directions, and pull tissue or organ to required position in operations, so as to get a clearer surgical field of view. On the basis of the previous animal experiments, we applied magnetic anchoring and traction device in 3 human (males aged 63-71 years) thoracoscopic esophagectomies. Using the magnetic anchoring device, we could pull the esophagus dorsally or ventrally to assist in exposing the anatomical plane without special equipment or pleural puncture for retraction of the esophagus. The interference between operating instruments reduced. The mean blood loss in operation was 83 mL, the mean total operation time was 253 min and the mean length of hospital stay was 10 d. Postoperative follow-up showed that all 3 patients had good short-term prognosis. There was no swellling or pain in magnetic anchoring zone of chest wall.