The basic physiological function of anti-arrhythmic drugs is affects myocardial cell membrane ion channels. Change the ion flow and affect cell electrophysiological properties, change the conduction velocity, eliminate retrace, inhibit autorhythmicity and trigger events, inhibit the occurrence of arrhythmia, but will trigger a new activities, new retrace, produce new arrhythmia. In recent years, with the improvement of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine and the production of new research methods, Chinese medicine treatment of arrhythmia has a new development. This article summarized the recent decades of which Chinese medicine monomer anti-arrhythmic drugs that had been proved by the influence of monomer anti-arrhythmic drugs, lists the differents traditional Chinese medicinal materials which chemical composition and the effective of the anti-arrhythmic effects, shows the unique advantages of Chinese medicine in the aspect of anti-arrhythmic, and points out that the current Chinese medicine in anti-arrhythmic (monomer) existing problems and solutions.
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; therapeutic use ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; drug therapy ; Biomedical Research ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Neiguan (PC6) and Lieque (LU7) on the expression of protein kinases in cardiomyocytes of myocardial ischemia (MI) rats.

METHODSHealthy male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the Neiguan point group, the Lieque point group, and the non-meridian non-acupoint group, 10 in each group by random digit table. The MI rat model was established by injecting isoprenaline hydrochloride (85 mg/kg). EA at Neiguan (PC6), Lieque (LU7), and non-meridian non-acupoint were respectively performed. Changes of the expression of protein kinases [such as protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), protein kinase G (PKG)] in rat cardiomyocytes were observed using Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, expression levels of PKA, PKC, and PKG increased obviously in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, expression levels of PKA, PKC, and PKG decreased in the Neiguan point group and the Lieque point group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Expression levels of PKA decreased in the non-meridian non-acupoint group (P < 0.01). Compared with the Neiguan point group, expression levels of PKA, PKC, and PKG increased in the non-meridian non-acupoint group and the Lieque point group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the Lieque point group, expression levels of PKA, PKC, and PKG increased in the non-meridian non-acupoint group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEA at Neiguan (PC6) and Lieque (LU7) could decrease protein expression levels of PKA, PKC and PKG in rat myocardial cells, and the effect of acupuncture at Neiguan (PC6) was better than that obtained by EA at Lieque (LU7).

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Electroacupuncture ; Male ; Meridians ; Myocardial Ischemia ; metabolism ; therapy ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy and safety of modified Shengma Biejia Decoction (MSBD) combined with CAG program in treating elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with yin deficiency toxin stasis syndrome (YDTSS).

METHODSTotally 46 elderly AML patients were assigned to the treatment group (24 cases; treated with MSBD + CAG) and the control group (22 cases; treated with CAG + placebos of Chinese medicine) according to random digit table. The therapeutic course of CM placebo or MSBD was 21 days. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were observed. Meanwhile, physical state (ECOG Score), transfusion dependency, and TCM syndrome score were compared before and after treatment.

RESULTS(1) The complete remission rate was 54% (13/24) and the objective response rate (ORR) was 71% (17/24) in the treatment group, obviously higher than those of the control group [36% (8/22); 54% (13/24)], with statistical difference (P = 0.036, 0.042). When comparing the efficacy based on risk level, the moderate and poor ORR was 71% (10/14) and 67% (6/9) in the treatment group, and 57% (8/14) and 33% (2/6) in the control group, with statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.048; P = 0.010). (2) Compared with before treatment in the same group, the ECOG score significantly decreased, the average infusion time of red cells and platelets were markedly prolonged in the treatment group after treatment (P < 0.05). ECOG score, the average infusion time of red cells and platelets were significantly better in the treatment group than in the control group after treatment (P < 0.05). (3) Compared with before treatment in the same group, scores of fever, hemorrhage, and bone pain were markedly reduced in the control group (P < 0.05); scores of fever, fatigue, hemorrhage, dry mouth, and bone pain were markedly reduced in the treatment group (P < 0.05). Better effect in relief of fever, fatigue, hemorrhage, dry mouth, and so on was obtained in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). (4) In aspect of hematotoxicity, the incidence of neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia was obviously lower in the treatment group than in the control group [29.2% (7/24) vs 54.5% (12/22); 16.7% (4/ 24) vs 45.5% (10/22); 33.3% (8/24) vs 63.6% (14/22); P < 0.05]. The incidence of fatigue and anorexia was obviously lower in the treatment group than in the control group [37.5% (9/24) vs 63.6% (14/22), 37.5% (9/24) vs 81.8% (18/22); P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONMSBD combined with CAG program in treating elderly AML patients with YDTSS, with efficacy enhancing toxicity reducing effect, had distinct advantages in improving physical condition and clinical symptoms, and reducing transfusion dependency.

Aclarubicin ; therapeutic use ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cytarabine ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of new bone formation in sinus augmentation with guided bone regeneration (GBR) using collagen membranes.

METHODSThe first maxillary molars of 18 adult female Beagle dogs were extracted and the sinus floors of both sides were lifted with simultaneous implantation. A combination of autografts and Bio-Oss in a 2:1 ratio was placed in the space under the membrane. On the experimental side in each dog, the collagen membrane was folded at the lateral osteotomy window, the apex of the implants and a certain part of palatal bone. On the contralateral control side, the collagen membrane only covered the osteotomy window. Six animals were sacrificed at 4, 12, and 24 weeks respectively after surgery. Gross observation, biomechanical testing and histological examinations were performed.

RESULTSThe translocation of grafted materials and bone absorption were found on the top of implants in the control side, and the grafted materials kept original shape at the experimental side at 4th week. The granule of Bio-oss absorbed obviously at 12th and 24th week. The pull-out force increased with time. At 24th week, the force of pull out was 558.1 ± 37.4 N at the study side, and 471.4 ± 31.5 N at the control side. There was a significant difference in the pull-out force was noted between the two groups (P < 0.01). Histological examination showed new bone formation on the sinus floor, and the grafted materials gradually reduced with time

CONCLUSIONSGBR with the enfolded-coverage of the membrane can effectively decrease absorption of the grafted materialon the apical surface of implants and stimulate new bone formation in the sinus augmentation.

Animals ; Collagen ; Dental Implantation ; Dental Implants ; Dogs ; Female ; Guided Tissue Regeneration ; Male ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Minerals ; Molar ; Osteogenesis ; physiology ; Sinus Floor Augmentation ; methods ; Tooth Extraction

0bjective To observe effects and safety of exercise in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus in order to offer the guideline for the diabetic education about exercise.Methods We designed the five sport prescriptions about the different intensity and evaluated the effect of exercise training on plasma glucose, heart rate.blood pressure and a consumption of the difie,rent exercises.Twentv patients with diabetes mellitus in elderly individuals were evaluated before and after zero hour,4 hours,and 12 hours while exercises were over. And we followed up the effects after 12 weeks.Results The level of glucose in different sport time and in different exercise prescriptions showed significant(P<0.05).The change about the blood pressure in different sport time and in different exercise prescriptions has no statistical significance(P>0.05).After the 1 2 weeks following,the level of plasma glucose,ltbAlc,albumin in urine,triglyeeride,cholesterol,low density lipoprotein and blood pressure decreased(P<0.05).But the change about the weight and high density lipoprotein did not have statistical significance(P>0.05).Conclusions It is effecfive and safe to carry out individual exercise prescriptions among elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVETo examine the effect of a Chinese medicinal herbal formula (Feitai Capsule, ) on the quality of life (QOL) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSSixty-two patients were randomly divided into the treatment group (31 cases) and the control group (31 cases). For the treatment group, 4 capsules (1.2 g/capsule) of Feitai Capsule were administered 3 times a day after meals for 3 weeks; then no drug was administered for 1 week. This schedule was continued for at least 3 more cycles (12 weeks totally). If there were no obvious toxic reactions, the treatment was extended. The patients were evaluated at least once every 8 weeks until progressive disease (PD). For the control group, the regular follow-up and evaluation were performed at least once every 8 weeks until PD. Clinical symptoms, objective response, physical constitution and energy, QOL, and PFS were evaluated regularly. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), a non-parametric test, and analysis of covariance were used to compare clinical features, amelioration of clinical symptoms, physical constitution and energy, and QOL. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the two-group PFS.

RESULTSSixty patients finished the final evaluation, with 30 patients in each group. Baseline characters between groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). The control group had a 36.7% improvement in clinical symptoms, while the treatment group had a 73.3% improvement. This difference was statistically significant (Z= -2.632, P=0.008). The control group had a 26.7% improvement in the Karnofsky performance status (KPS), while the treatment group had a 53.4% improvement. This was also significantly different (Z=-2.182, P=0.029). A comparative analysis indicated a positive correlation (r=0.917, P<0.001). Compared with the control group, QOL in the treatment group was significantly improved, except in the social/family condition and doctor-patient relationship indicators. The PFS of the treatment group and control group were 6.23 months and 4.67 months, respectively (P=0.048).

CONCLUSIONFeitai Capsule, a Chinese medicinal herbal treatment could improve the QOL and extend the PFS of the unresectable NSCLC patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Capsules ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Case-Control Studies ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Shouwu-Huanjing Recipe(SWHJR) medicated serum on human sperm motility and fertility in vitro.

METHODSHuman sperm was co-cultured with SWHJR medicated serum in vitro. Human sperm motility was evaluated by computer-assisted semen analysis(CASA). The acrosome reaction and the capability of penetrating zona-free hamster eggs were also observed.

RESULTSThe co-cultured SWHJR medicated serum significantly increased the sperm motion velocity(VAP, VCL, VSL) (P < 0.01), the amplitude of lateral head movement (ALH) and the beat frequency of flagellum(BCF), the density of progressive motility sperms (P < 0.05), the acrosome reaction rate(P < 0.001), the fertilization rate(FR) and the fertilization index (FI) in sperm penetration assay(SPA) test (P < 0.01). The stimulation of SWHJR medicated serum occurred in dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONSWHJR can improve human sperm motility and fertility.

Acrosome Reaction ; Animals ; Cricetinae ; Fertility ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mesocricetus ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects

OBJECTIVEDespite the causes for melanin increase, the increased gene expression of TYR is a common pathological process. Based on this viewpoint, antisense-S-Oligo of TYR was designed and synthesized to regulate synthesis of melanin in order to explore the treatment for skin pigmentation.

METHODSThe cultured melanocytes were divided into 3 groups. The group 1 was treated with endothelin, group 2 treated with ultraviolet ray and group 3 was used as the control. In each group, the 5' antisense-S-Oligo, the 3' antisense-S-Oligo, the mixed antisense-S-Oligo of TYR or Dotap only was added. The melanin content and TYR gene expressions were examined.

RESULTSThe 5' antisense-S-Oligo, the 3' antisense-S-Oligo and the mixed antisense-S-Oligo significantly inhibited the increase of melanin content and TYR gene expression, which were caused by endothelin or ultraviolet ray treatment. Of the three treatments, the 3' antisense-S-Oligo showed the strongest effect.

CONCLUSIONAntisense-S-Oligo has significant regulating effects on TYR gene expression and melanin content. The 3' antisense-S-Oligo is more effective than the 5' antisense-S-Oligo.

3' Flanking Region ; genetics ; 5' Flanking Region ; genetics ; Endothelins ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; Melanins ; biosynthesis ; Melanocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Tyrosine ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features and prognosis of bone metastases in colorectal cancer patients.

METHODSThe clinical data of 104 cases of colorectal cancer with bone metastasis were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSAmong all the 104 patients included, 45 (43.3%) patients had multiple bone metastases, and 59 (56.7%) patients had single bone metastasis. Pelvis (46.1%) was the most common site, followed by thoracic vertebrae (41.3%), lumbar vertebrae (40.4%), sacral vertebrae (29.8%) and ribs (29.8%). One hundred and two patients (98.1%) were complicated with other organ metastases. The median time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to bone metastasis was 16 months, and the median time from bone metastasis to first skeletal-related events (SREs) was 1 month. The most common skeletal-related events (SREs) were the need for radiotherapy (44.2%), severe bone pain (15.4%) and pathologic fracture (9.6%). The median survival time of patients with bone metastases was 10.0 months, and 8.5 months for patients with SREs. ECOG score, systemic chemotherapy and bisphosphonate therapy were prognostic factors by univariate analysis (all P < 0.05). ECOG score and systemic chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors by Cox multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONSBone metastasis in colorectal cancer patients has a poor prognosis and the use of chemotherapy and bisphosphonates may have a benefit for their survival.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bone Density Conservation Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bone Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; secondary ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Diphosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Bone ; etiology ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; etiology ; Pelvic Bones ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Ribs ; pathology ; Sacrum ; pathology ; Spinal Cord Compression ; etiology ; Spinal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; secondary ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical value of HER2 overexpression in breast cancer and its prognostic implication in patients with lymph node negative breast carcinoma.

METHODSThe following electronic database were extracted using appropriate inclusive and exclusive standards: Cochrane library, PUBMED, Embase (1984 - 2003), OVID, CMCC and CNKI. Excel and RevMan 4.2 were used for statistical analysis.

RESULTSFifty-six articles were extracted to calculate the positive rate of HER2 overexpression. The pooled positive rate was 23.14% [19.54%, 26.73%], with positive immunohistochemistry (IHC) rate of 23.13% [19.49%, 26.77%] and positive FISH rate of 20.90% [15.54%, 26.25%]. Seven articles were used to evaluate prognostic predication of HER2 expression. It was concluded that in patients with lymph node negative breast carcinoma, HER2 overexpression (both IHC and FISH) independently predicted a poor prognosis based on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) with a P < 0.05. For DFS, the pooled RR was 1.38 [1.07, 1.80] with 1.16 [1.02, 1.31] for IHC and 1.98 [1.56, 2.52] for FISH. For OS, the pooled RR was 1.58 [1.16, 2.14] with 1.37 [1.14 to 1.64] for IHC and 2.33 [1.45 to 3.75] for FISH. HER2 overexpression effectively predicted DFS/OS of patients without adjuvant therapy and OS of patients with the therapy, but not for DFS, with the pooled RR of 1.46 [1.02, 2.09] and 1.11 [0.95, 1.31] for DFS, respectively and the pooled RR of 1.93 [1.44 to 2.58] and 1.25 [1.01, 1.56] for OS, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSIn patients with lymph node negative breast carcinoma, the positive rate of HER2 overexpression is 23.14%. HER2 overexpression indicates a poor prognosis and adjuvant therapy after surgery should be recommended.

Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Genes, erbB-2 ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Mastectomy ; Prognosis ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Survival Rate