ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between Cyclin D1 G870A polymmphism and risk of colorectal cancer.MethodsExtensive searches of relevant studies on datebase like PubMed,EMCC and CNKI were performed.Case control studies involving unrelated subjects and genotype frequencies in control group consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were included for the meta-analysis.Twenty-three case-control studies with 6 344 cases and 9 018 controls were analyzed by the fixed-effect or random-effect meta-analysis method.The metaanalysis was applied with RevMan 5.0 software for heterogeneity test.AA and GA were compared with those with GG genotype.Pooled OR value and 95％ confidence interval (CI) were calculated.ResultsThere were statistical differences between AA & GA and GG.The pooled OR value was 1.10 (95％CI:1.01-1.19,P =0.02).The values were analyzed hierarchically according to different populations.The pooled OR value of Asian was 1.11 (95％ CI:0.98-1.26,P=0.11).The pooled OR value of American was 1.13(95％CI:0.97-1.32,P=0.12).The pooled OR value of European was 1.06(95％CI:0.89-1.25,P =0.52).The pooled OR value of Oceanian was 1.05(95％ CI:0.80-1.38,P=0.73).The values were analyzed hierarchically according to the comparison basis.The pooled OR value of hospital-based was 1.07 (95％ CI:0.95-1.20,P =0.28).The pooled OR value of population-based was 1.13 (95％CI:1.01-1.26,P=0.04).ConclusionThe Cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism is correlated with the susceptibility of colorectal cancer risk at the aggregate level analysis.Analysis by different methods:according to different populations,every group don't support the correlation.According to comparison basis,there has no correlation in hospital-based group,but there has correlation in population-based group.

Objective:To explore the effectof tumor volume on pulmonary dose-volume parameters by intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),and to provide a basis for pulmonary dose parameters in IMRT treatment.Methods:A total of 204 patients with NSCLC received IMRT were retrospectively analyzed from June,2009 to October,2013.The prescribed dose of planning target volume (PTV) for primary tumor was 60-66Gy (2.00-2.25 Gy,27-33 times in all).The fractional volume percent of the lung received a dose ＞5 or 20 Gy (V5,V20),and absolute volume of lung received a dose ＜5 Gy (AVS5).The mean lung dose (MLD) in normal tissues were analyzed.Regression model curve was used to analyze them along with the change of primary tumor volume.Results:With the increase in lung tumor volume,the V5,V20 and MLD presented quadratic equation curve,and AVS5 presented logarithmic equation.When the tumor volume,less than a certain value (294.6,283.2,304.9 cm3,respectively),the V5,V20 and MLD increased with tumor size and presented an increased quadratic curve;when the tumor volume was higher than a certain value (294.6,283.2,304.9 cm3 respectively),the V5,V20 and MLD was declined.The AVS5 was declined in a logarithmic curve along with the increase of tumor volume.Conclusion:With the increase in lung tumor volume,the change in rule ofV5,V20,MLD and AVS5 is not completely equivalent.When the tumor volume exceeds a certain boundary value (about 300 cubic centimeter),the corresponding tumor diameter is about 7-8 cm.In addition to the focus on pulmonary V5,V20 and MLD,we should also pay more attention to AVS5 restrictions in establishment ofIMRT in NSCLC.

Objective:To explore the regular variation pattern of tumor volumes of the patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before and after targeting treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI),and to clarify its clinical value.Methods:The materials of 39 NSCLC patients with EGFR-TKI targeting treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The tumor volumes were detected by volume measurement software of TPS and Image J image processing software,then the absolute and relative tumor volume changes of the NSCLC patients before and after targeting treatment were analyzed by paired sample comparison symbol Wilcoxon rank test. Results:The absolute tumor volumes (mm3 )of the patients with NSCLC before and 1 month after targeting treatment were 14 822.11 (7 524.73,54 999.41)and 7 954.42 (3 499.73,29 396.83),respectively, and there was statistically significant difference (Z=-3.257,P=0.001);the absolute tumor volumes of the patients with NSCLC 1 and 2 months after targeting treatment were 8 358.47 (4 394.36,24 430.05)and 7 028.76 (3 634.98,21 056.71),respectively,and there also was statisticaliy significant difference (Z=-2.213,P=0.027).When the original tumor volume before targeting treatment was regarded as 1,the relative tumor volume of 1 month after targeting theatment was 0.612 6 (0.313 8,0.853 7),and there was significant difference (Z=-3.855,P<0.001);the relative tumor volumes of 1 month and 2 months after targeting treatment were 0.608 4 (0.364 3,1.044 3)and 0.423 0 (0.248 8,0.877 7),respectively,and there also was statistically significant differernce (Z=-2.173,P=0.030);but the differences between other consecutive months (from 3 months to 6 months)had no statistically significant differences (P>0.05);the changes of tumor relative volume presented platform stage after 3 months.The tumor relative volumes of 7-9 months after EGFR-TKI treatment reached the bottom.Conclusion:The average primary tumor volume of the NSCLC patients is obviously reduced 1 and 2 months after TKI targeting treatment. It may be optimal to carry out radiotherapy in 3-9 months after EGFR-TKI targeting treatment.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate efficacies of three commonly used oral drugs including Berbamine Hydrochloride Tablet (B), Qijiao Shengbai Capsule (Q), and Leucogen Tablet (L) (by single drug, two drugs or three drugs) combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for treat ment of chemotherapy related leukocytopenia in mice.

METHODSTotally 156 Kunming male mice were divided into the normal control group (A, n=24), the model group (B, n=24), the G-CSF group (C, n =24), the G-CSF+Q group (D, n=12), G-CSF+ B (E, n=12), the G-CSF+L group (F, n=12), the G-CSF + Q + B group (G, n=12), the G-CSF + Q + L group (H, n=12), the G-CSF + L + B group (I, n=12), and the G-CSF + L + Q + B (J, n=12). Mouse models of chemotherapy related leukocytopenia were established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX). A G-CSF group was set up as a positive control. Mice were treated by a single oral drug, a single oral drug combined with G-CSF, and two or three drugs combined with G-CSF respectively, and the death rate calculated. Hemocytes [such as white blood cells (WBC) and its classification, red blood cells (RBC), platelet (PLT), hemoglobin (Hb)] were calculated by hematology analyzer. Mice were anatomized and important organs weighed. Organ indices were calculated.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the mortality rate among all groups (P > 0.05). Compared with Group B, WBC was elevated in all other groups (P < 0.01). WBC and PLT were elevated most in Group J, Hb and RBC were also increased at the same time (P < 0.05, P < 0. 01). Compared with Group B, RBC increased in Group E, F, G, I, and J (P < 0.01); Hb obviously increased in Group C, E, F, H, I, and J (P<0.01). Compared with Group B and D, the promotion of erythroid hematopoiesis by G-CSF could be elevated in any group contained drug B and L (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The spleen index of model mice could be significantly improved in Group C, D, and G (P < 0.01). The thymus index of model mice could be significantly improved in Group H (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe best scheme to treat mice with chemotherapy related leukopenia or decreased three blood series was to administrate three commonly oral drugs combined with G-CSF. Authors speculated that G-CSF and Q might have a certain effect on CTX induced immune inhibition.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Blood Platelets ; Cyclophosphamide ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; metabolism ; Hematopoiesis ; Hemoglobins ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; Leukopenia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

OBJECTIVETo explore the intervention of baicalin on signal transduction and activating transcription factor expression of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.

METHODSRecruited were UC patients at Outpatient Department of Digestive Disease, Inpatient Department of Digestive Disease, Center for Digestive Endoscopy of College City Branch, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Southern Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University from June 2010 to January 2011. They were assigned to the UC group (33 cases) and the diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) group (30 cases). Another 30 healthy subjects were recruited as a healthy control group. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro intervened by different concentrations baicalin were taken from UC patients. IL23R gene expressions in vitro intervened by different concentrations baicalin were detected using Q-PCR. Expressions of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) , STAT6, phosphorylated-STAT4 (p-STAT4), and p-STAT6 were detected using Western blot. Serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. Effects of different concentrations baicalin on expressions of PBMCs, and levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 of UC patients were also detected.

RESULTSCompared with the negative control group, 40 µmol baicalin obviously decreased IL23R gene expression of UC patients (P <0. 01). Compared with the healthy control group and the IBS-D group, p-STAT4/STAT4 ratios increased, p-STAT6/STAT6 ratios decreased, levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 all increased in the US group (all P <0. 05). Compared with the negative control, 5 and 10 µmol baicalin groups, 20 and 40 moL baicalin obviously decreased p-STAT4/STAT4 ratios (all P <0. 05); 20 and 40 µmoL baicalin obviously increased p-STAT6/STAT6 ratios (all P <0. 05); 20 and 40 µmoL baicalin obviously lowered levels of IFN-γ and IL-4, and elevated IL-10 levels (all P <0. 05).

CONCLUSION40 µmoL baicalin could in vitro inhibit p-STAT4/STAT4 ratios, adjust p-STAT6/STAT6 ratios and related cytokines, thereby balancing the immunity and relieving inflammatory reactions of UC.

Activating Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Blotting, Western ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phosphorylation ; STAT6 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Cranial Fossa, Anterior ; Humans ; Liposarcoma, Myxoid ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To assess the agreement between gonioscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in detecting angle closure in Chinese patients with shallow anterior chamber.
Methods An observational comparative study of the two different examination methods was conducted. Patients with normal intraocular pressure and temporal peripheral anterior chamber depth less than a quarter of corneal thickness based on slit lamp examination were included in this study from December 2007 to May 2009 in the outpatient clinic of First Hospital of Tsinghua University. Gonioscopy was performed with a Goldman goniolens in dark room first and followed by full beam light and indentation. If the filtering trabecular meshwork was invisible or any peripheral anterior synechia was found, that quadrant of the angle was considered closed. UBM was first undertaken in a darkened room then repeated with normal room lighting. If iridotrabecular apposition was showed, that quadrant of the angle was considered closed. The status of angle closure of each quadrant with different methods was recorded.
Results 85 eyes of 46 patients were included in this study. The agreement between gonioscopy and UBM was poor (κ<0.4) with Kappa analysis in both dark and light conditions in each quadrant. The accordance of agreement between gonioscopy and UBM was hardly affected by age or sex, while in dark condition, eyes with deeper anterior chamber (P=0.005) or plateau iris configuration tended to produce different results (P=0.075) in the 2 methods.
Conclusion Gonioscopy and UBM are both indispensable methods for detecting angle closure, neither can completely replace the other.

Objective To explore a new method for in vitro culture and differentiation induction of rat adipose-derived stromal cells(ADSCs)into neural cells.Methods The retroperitoneal adipose tissue of adult SD rats was carefully dissected and digested using type Ⅰ collagenase.After centrifugation.the stromal cell pellet was resuspended in DMEM/F12 containing 10%fetal bovine serum (FBS).The ADSCs in passage 5 were harvested and cultured in serum-free Neurobasal (NB)medium supplemented with 20 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),20 ng/mL of epidermal growth factor (EGF)and N2(1:100)to induce neurosphere formation.The neurospheres in passage 2 were incubated in NB medium supplemented with 0.5 μmol/L all-trails-retinoic acid(RA),1%FBS,5%horse serum,and 50 ng/mL of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)to induce the their differentiation into neuron-and glial-like cells.Immunofluorescent staining was performed to identify the differentiated cells. Results Early after inoculation,the spherical ADSCs were suspended in the medium and began to adhere to the wall of the culture flask 24 h after the inoculation.With the increase of the cell density in the cell culture,a fibroblast-like cell monolayer occurred.Neurosphere formation was observed 5-7 days after culturing the ADSCsin serum-free NB medium,and the neurospheres rapidly proliferated and reached a diameter of 100μm at 14 days of culture.The neurospheres further terminally differentiated into neuron-and glial-like cells with spherical morphology and clearly visible cell nuclei.The differentiated cells extended long and thin cell processes or reticular cell processes,and numerous cells established networks through the cell processes.Immunofluorescent staining showed that the neurospheres were positive for nestin (with a positivity rate of 75.62%±1.34%),and 57.62%±4.92%of the terminally differentiated cells expressed β-tubulin Ⅲ,a marker of immature neurons,and 11.25%±3.87%were positive for MAP2ab,a marker of mature neurons.Some of the differentiated cells were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)expression(18.34%±3.87%)and galactoeerebroside(GalC)(14.35%±3.98%). Conclusions ADSCs from adult rat adipose tissue Can produce a large quantity of stable multipotent daughter cells.The two-step method for inducing the differentiation of ADSCs Can yield high rates of nestin-and β-tubulin Ⅲ-positive cells and some MAP2ab-positive cells.

Objective To enhance the differentiation efficiency of adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) into neural cells. Methods ADSCs were isolated from the adipose tissue of SD rats and induced to differentiate into neural cells using two different protocols, namely direct induction (group A) and neurosphere induction (group B) protocols. For direct induction, the ADSCs were cultured in Neurobasal medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) and neurotrophic factors (NTs). Neurosphere induction protocol was carried out by culturing the ADSCs in serum-free Neurobasal medium to induce the formation of neurospheres, which were further induced in serum- and NT-containing Nenrobasal medium into neural cells. Morphological observation and immunohistochemistry for nestin, β-tubulin Ⅲ, MAP2ab and GFAP were used to identify the differentiated cells. Results Primary cultured ADSCs appeared polymorphous, from which the mixed cells were removed by adherent culture. The fifth passage of ADSCs showed homogenous morphology in regular alignment, and the phenotype could be maintained after further passaging. Immunohistochemistry showed that the two induction protocols both resulted in high expression of nestin and β-tubulin Ⅲ in the induced ADSCs, and nestin expression in group A reached the peak level of(73.8±6.5)% at 6 h of the induction, followed by rapid reduction to (50.3±3.8)% at 24 h and (10.5±30)% at 72 h, becoming almost undetectable afterwards;β-tubulin Ⅲ expression occurred at 24 h following the induction [(33.5±6.6)%] and reached the peak level of (84.3±33)% at 1 week. In group B, high nestin expression persisted throughout the neurosphere stage, while low levels of β-tubulin Ⅲ expression was detected during the neurosphere stage [(14.1±3.3)% at 7 days after neurosphere formation], but its expression increased obviously with time after neurosphere differentiation [(46.4±6.1)% at 3 days after the differentiation. In group B, 24.5% of the cells were found positive for MAP2ab after the differentiation of the neurospheres into neural cells. Conclusion ADSCs can be induced into neural cells under appropriate conditions. Both of the induction protocols can obtain high rate of nestin- and β-tubulin Ⅲ -positive cells, and the neurosphere induction protocol produces more stable nestin expression in the differentiated cells, which contain a proportion of MAP2ab-positive cells.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the progression of visual field loss and to explore the prognosis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy in patients with chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) after their intraocular pressures were well controlled under 21 mmHg.

METHODSForty-seven eyes of 29 patients in the Department of Ophthalmology in PUMC Hospital were included. All the patients had at least two separate tests of visual fields using the 24-2 program of the Humphery Visual Field Analyzer after their intraocular pressure were well controlled under 21 mmHg after sugery. The visual fields of patients were followed routinely for at least 1 year. In addition, all patients were divided into 2 groups according to follow-up period: 1-2 years group and over 2 years group. Visual field scores were calculated with the Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study (AGIS) method. The visual fields were divided 5 sections and the sensitivity and defect depth of each section were calculated.

RESULTNo statistically significant differences were found in terms of AGIS scores, localized sensitivities and localized defects within the time interval of the observation.

CONCLUSIONGlaucomatous optic neuropathy is not likely to progressively deteriorate in CACG cases once their intraocular pressure are well controlled under 21 mmHg.

Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Disk ; physiopathology ; Optic Nerve Diseases ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Fields