Odontoma is one of the most common odontogenic tumors in the jaws, and it is widely considered as tooth hamartomas. This article reports a rare compound odontoma with 39 denticles which was checked and diagnosed radically by CBCT, and relevant literatures are reviewed.

BACKGROUNDPrevious studies have shown that the functional brain activity in the resting state is impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. However, most studies focused on the relationship between different brain areas, rather than the amplitude or strength of the regional brain activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the functional brain changes in AD patients by measuring the amplitude of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) signals.

METHODSTwenty mild AD patients and twenty healthy elderly subjects participated in the fMRI scan. The amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) was calculated using REST software.

RESULTSCompared with the healthy elderly subjects, the mild AD patients showed decreased ALFF in the right posterior cingulate cortex, right ventral medial prefrontal cortex, and in the bilateral dorsal medial prefrontal cortex. No brain region with increased ALFF was found in the AD group compared with the control group.

CONCLUSIONSThe reduced activity in the posterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex observed in the present study suggest that the functional abnormalities of those areas are at an early stage of AD. The ALFF analysis may provide a useful tool in fMRI study of AD.

Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gyrus Cinguli ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prefrontal Cortex ; physiopathology

This study was aimed to investigate the influence of timing using G-CSF after chemotherapy on graft yield of mobilized peripheral blood stem cells for autoPBSCT. 39 patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma (MM) received the same chemotherapy mobilization regimen, including CTX 400 mg/m² d1; VLB 2 mg/m(2) d1; Ara-C 60 mg/m ²× d1-5; VP-16 60 mg/m² × d1-5; and prednisone 40 mg/m² × d1-5. The historical control group (12 cases) received G-CSF subcutaneously (filgrastim) at the first restoration after the initial nadir of the peripheral WBC count. The experimental group (27 cases) received G-CSF during the steady rise of the WBC count (end of fluctuating after initial nadir). G-CSF was given in a single daily subcutaneous dose of 5 µg/kg until the final PBSC apheresis. When the peripheral WBC and mononuclear cell (MNC) counts reached 10 × 10⁹/L and 1.0 × 10⁹/L respectively, leukapheresis was carried out using the COBE Spectra blood cell separator. The results indicated that despite there was comparable treatment with alkylating agents between 2 groups, a significantly increased yield of CD34 positive cells was observed in the experimental group (26.4 × 10⁶/kg), as compared to the historical control group (3.1 × 10⁶/kg) (p = 0.0031). It is concluded that the appropriate timing for the use G-CSF mobilization after chemotherapy is important to increase the CD34(+) cell yield in auto-graft.
Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; methods ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; therapy ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the role of regulatory T-lymphocytes(Treg) in the immune pathogenesis of suba-cute thyroiditis (SAT). Methods The proportion of Treg in CD4+T cells in peripheral blood of 46 SAT patients and15 controls was detected using flow cytometry. And the concentration of interleukin-10(IL-10), transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in serum of 46 SAT patients and 15 controls was measured with ELISA. In addition, the Forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) positive cells in thyroid tissue of 29 SAT patients and20 controls was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The proportion of Treg in peripheral blood of SAT pa-tients was significantly lower than that of controls (P＜0.05). And the concentration of TGF-β1 in serum of SAT patients was apparently higher than that of controls(P＜0.05). Additionally, the positive rate of Foxp3 in thyroid tissue of SAT patients was markedly higher than that of controls(P＜0.05).Conclusions The decrease of Treg may play an important role in the immune pathogenesis of SAT.

Objective To explore the activity of brain default mode network (DMN) in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and investigate its possible neural mechanism. Methods Twenty-four patients with mild AD,admitted to our hospital from January 2009 to June 2010,and 25 normal controls (NCs) were chosen in this study.All subjects were examined by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) and fMRI.Resting-state whole brain data were analyzed by amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) with two-sample t test and the brain regions in mild AD patients having significantly different ALFF comparing to NCs were observed. Results As compared with that in NCs,the memory function in mild AD patients was seriously impaired (P＜0.05).As compared with NCs,mild AD patients showed significantly decreased ALFF in the posterior cingulate cortex,ventral medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex, which were closely relevant to the memory (P＜0.05). Conclusion AD patients show significantly decreased active intensity of some DMN nodes that relate to memory in resting state; DMN abnormalities play an important role in early memory impairment of AD patients.

Pyronaridine and artesunate have been shown to be effective in falciparum malaria treatment. However, pyronaridine is rarely used in Hainan Island clinically, and artesunate is not widely used as a therapeutic agent. Instead, conventional antimalarial drugs, chloroquine and piperaquine, are used, explaining the emergence of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. In this article, we investigated the sensitivity of P. falciparum to antimalarial drugs used in Hainan Island for rational drug therapy. We performed in vivo (28 days) and in vitro tests to determine the sensitivity of P. falciparum to antimalarial drugs. Total 46 patients with falciparum malaria were treated with dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine phosphate (DUO-COTECXIN) and followed up for 28 day. The cure rate was 97.8%. The mean fever clearance time (22.5+/-10.6 hr) and the mean parasite clearance time (27.3+/-12.2 hr) showed no statistical significance with different genders, ages, temperatures, or parasite density (P>0.05). The resistance rates of chloroquine, piperaquine, pyronarididine, and artesunate detected in vitro were 71.9%, 40.6%, 12.5%, and 0%, respectively (P<0.0001). The resistance intensities decreased as follows: chloroquine>piperaquine>pyronarididine>artesunate. The inhibitory dose 50 (IC50) was 3.77x10(-6) mol/L, 2.09x10(-6) mol/L, 0.09x10(-6) mol/L, and 0.05x10(-6) mol/L, and the mean concentrations for complete inhibition (CIMC) of schizont formation were 5.60x10(-6) mol/L, 9.26x10(-6) mol/L, 0.55x10(-6) mol/L, and 0.07x10(-6) mol/L, respectively. Dihydroartemisinin showed a strong therapeutic effect against falciparum malaria with a low toxicity.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antimalarials/*pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Malaria, Falciparum/*drug therapy/parasitology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests ; Plasmodium falciparum/*drug effects ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Pyronaridine and artesunate have been shown to be effective in falciparum malaria treatment. However, pyronaridine is rarely used in Hainan Island clinically, and artesunate is not widely used as a therapeutic agent. Instead, conventional antimalarial drugs, chloroquine and piperaquine, are used, explaining the emergence of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. In this article, we investigated the sensitivity of P. falciparum to antimalarial drugs used in Hainan Island for rational drug therapy. We performed in vivo (28 days) and in vitro tests to determine the sensitivity of P. falciparum to antimalarial drugs. Total 46 patients with falciparum malaria were treated with dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine phosphate (DUO-COTECXIN) and followed up for 28 day. The cure rate was 97.8%. The mean fever clearance time (22.5+/-10.6 hr) and the mean parasite clearance time (27.3+/-12.2 hr) showed no statistical significance with different genders, ages, temperatures, or parasite density (P>0.05). The resistance rates of chloroquine, piperaquine, pyronarididine, and artesunate detected in vitro were 71.9%, 40.6%, 12.5%, and 0%, respectively (P<0.0001). The resistance intensities decreased as follows: chloroquine>piperaquine>pyronarididine>artesunate. The inhibitory dose 50 (IC50) was 3.77x10(-6) mol/L, 2.09x10(-6) mol/L, 0.09x10(-6) mol/L, and 0.05x10(-6) mol/L, and the mean concentrations for complete inhibition (CIMC) of schizont formation were 5.60x10(-6) mol/L, 9.26x10(-6) mol/L, 0.55x10(-6) mol/L, and 0.07x10(-6) mol/L, respectively. Dihydroartemisinin showed a strong therapeutic effect against falciparum malaria with a low toxicity.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antimalarials/*pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Malaria, Falciparum/*drug therapy/parasitology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests ; Plasmodium falciparum/*drug effects ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify the prevalence, distribution, current status of awareness and control of hypertension in Chinese adult population.

METHODSA cross-sectional survey was conducted in mainland of China in 2000 - 2001 as a part of work coordinated with InterASIA Program. A total of 15,838 nationally representative subjects aged 35 to 74 were selected with multistage cluster sampling. Measurement of blood pressure was taken for all of them with three readings in a mercuric-column sphygmomanometer after resting for five minutes. Standard structured questionnaire was used to collect their histories and treatment and prevention for hypertension. A case of hypertension was defined as any person with systolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 140 mmHg, or with diastolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 90 mmHg, or being administered with antihypertensive agents.

RESULTSA total of 15,838 adults aged 35 - 74 years were included in this survey. Overall, the prevalence of hypertension was 27.2%, representing 130 million persons with hypertension nationwide as estimated. Age-specific prevalence of hypertension was 10.7%, 26.8%, 38.9% and 50.2% for women and 17.4%, 28.2%, 40.7% and 47.3% for men aged 35 - 44, 45 - 54, 55 - 64 and 65 - 74 years, respectively. Among hypertensive patients, 44.7% were aware of their high blood pressure, 28.2% were taking antihypertensive medication, and 8.1% achieved their blood pressure under control (< 140/90 mm Hg). All these data indicated that percentages of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension increased by 86.2%, 92.6% and 145.4%, respectively in the past ten years, as compared with the data in 1991.

CONCLUSIONSIn the past ten years, percentages of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Chinese adults increased significantly, who had a relatively high prevalence of hypertension, but lower awareness and much lower percentages of treatment and control of hypertension. It is urgently needed to improve prevention, detection and treatment for hypertension in adults.

Adult ; Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Awareness ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; Sampling Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To compare the curative effect and short-term benefits of laparoscopic liver resection with open liver resection in elderly patients with malignant liver tumors and medical comorbidities.Methods Patients aged 70 and over who received liver resections for malignant liver tumors between January and October 2015 were enrolled.The perioperative outcomes of 17 patients with laparoscopic approach were matched and compared with those of 34 patients with conventional open approach in a 1:2 ratio.Results There was no significant difference found between the two groups with regard to age,gender,incidence of comorbid illness,hepatitis B positivity,and Child-Pugh grading of liver function.The median tumor size was 3 cm for both groups.The types of liver resection were similar between the two groups with no significant difference in the duration of operation (laparoscopic: 195 min vs.open: 210 min,P=0.436).The perioperative blood loss was 150 mL in the laparoscopic group and 330 mL in the open group (P=0.046) with no significant difference in the number of patients with blood transfusion.The duration of hospital stay was 6 days (3-15 days) for the laparoscopic group and 8 days (5-105 days) for the open group (P=0.005).Conclusion Laparoscopic liver resection is safe and feasible for elderly patients.The short-term benefits of laparoscopic approach proves to be evident for geriatric oncological liver surgery.

Objective:To investigate the effects of different intensity of lighting on normal refractive development and form deprivation myopia (FDM) in guinea pigs.Methods:A total of 108 healthy 3-week-old guinea pigs were divided into normal refractive development guinea pigs ( n=54) and FDM guinea pigs ( n=54). FDM models were prepared in FDM animals by occlusion of the left eyes using an opaque mask, and the bilateral eyes were open in the normal refractive development guinea pigs.The guinea pigs were randomized to low (20 lx), normal(300 lx), and high intensity-lighting (5 000 lx) groups with a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle for 6 consecutive weeks under LED light.The ocular biometry was performed in a two-week interval.Axial length (AL) and dilated diopter were measured by A-scan ultrasonography and retinoscopy, respectively, and were compared after different lighting durations, and the change trends of them in normal refractive development and FDM guinea pigs were evaluated. Results:The AL values were not significantly different among low, normal and high intensity-lighting groups ( Fgroup=0.365, P=0.697), and the AL was gradually prolonged over the lighting duration ( Ftime=353.750, P<0.001). The diopters showed a statistically significant difference among different intensity-lighting groups ( Fgroup=3.576, P=0.034). The diopter in high intensity-lighting for 4 weeks was (+ 2.75±2.15) D, which was significantly higher than (0.41±3.07) D in the normal refrective development guinea pigs ( P<0.001). In the FDM guinea pigs, both AL and diopter were not significantly different among low, normal and high intensity-lighting groups ( Fgroup=0.105, P=0.900; Fgroup=0.973, P=0.387), and significant differences were seen in AL and diopter among three groups ( Ftime=408.302, 27.407; both at P<0.001). The diopter in FDM eyes of low intensity-lighting for 2 weeks was (+ 2.35±1.95) D, which was higher than (+ 1.90±0.97) D before lighting, with no statistically significant difference between them ( P>0.05). The AL was shortest and the AL change was smallest in normal refractive development guinea pigs of high intensity-lighting group.The diopter change in FDM guinea pigs of the low intensity-lighting group was significantly smaller than that in the normal intensity-lighting group ( P<0.001), with a transient hyperopia drift. Conclusions:The 5 000 lx lighting can slow down the development toward myopia in the normal refractive development eyes, and 20 lx lighting tends to delay the progression FDM eyes with a hyperopic shift after lighting for 2 weeks.